The Earth Technology Corporation® ••• 0 G 5 ENDANGERMENT ASSESSMENT (Second Submittal) FOR THE MASTER DISPOSAL SERVICE LANDFILL EPA Region 5 Records Ctr. 233072 Corporation ENDANGERMENT ASSESSMENT (Second Submittal) FOR THE MASTER DISPOSAL SERVICE LANDFILL Prepared by: The Earth Technology Corporation 520 Post Oak Boulevard, Suite 750 Houston, Texas 77027 On Behalf Of: Rollins Environmental Services, Inc. 400 Bellevue Parkway Wilmington, Delaware TETC Project No. 89-360 November, 1989 Document Preface This report is submitted pursuant to requirements of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The analyses and information contained herein are presented in a format based on regulatory procedures and standards which do not constitute binding legal criteria for the purpose of proving causation or liability in civil litigation.' TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ES-1 CHAPTER ONE ENDANGERMENT ASSESSMENT INTRODUCTION 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1-1 1.1 SITE BACKGROUND INFORMATION 1-1 1.1.1 General Information 1-1 1.1.2 Site History 1-5 1.1.3 Landfill Volume and Composition Estimates 1-9 1.1.4 Site Activities Summary 1-10 1.2 CONTAMINANT DATA 1-10 1.2.1 Surface Water Contamination 1-17 1.2.2 Groundwater Contamination 1-21 1.2.3 Soil Matrix Contamination 1-21 1.2.4 Air Sampling 1-24 1.3 SELECTION OF CONTAMINANTS OF CONCERN 1-24 CHAPTER 2 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND TRANSPORT 2.0 INTRODUCTION 2-1 2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING FATE AND TRANSPORT 2-1 2.1.1 Geology 2-1 2.1.2 Hydrogeology 2-8 2.1.3 Hydrology 2-13 2.1.4 Climatology 2-15 TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) Page No. 2.2 ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AFFECTING FATE AND TRANSPORT 2-15 2.2.1 Methylene Chloride 2-15 2.2.2 1,1-Dlchloroethene 2-19 2.2.3 Trichloroethene 2-19 2.2.4 Benzene 2-20 2.2.5 Toluene 2-20 2.2.6 Xylenes 2-21 2.2.7 Arsenic 2-21 2.2.8 Cadmium 2-22 2.2.9 Chromium 2-22 2.2.10 Copper 2-22 2.2.11 Lead 2-23 CHAPTER 3 EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT 3.0 INTRODUCTION 3-1 3.0.1 Exposure Scenarios 3-1 3.0.2 Populations Exposed 3-2 3.0.2.1 Demography 3-2 3.0.2.2 Land Use 3-2 3.0.2.3 Natural Resources 3-8 3.0.3 Extent of Exposure 3-8 3.1 INGESTION OF CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER 3-11 3.2 INGESTION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL 3-12 3.3 DERMAL EXPOSURE TO CONTAMINATED SOIL 3-17 3.4 INCIDENTAL INGESTION OF CONTAMINATED SURFACE WATER 3-17 II TABLE OF CONTENTS (cent.) Page No. 3.5 INGESTION OF CONTAMINATED FISH 3-20 3.6 EXPOSURE POINT IDENTIFICATION 3-20 CHAPTER 4 TOXICITY EVALUATION 4.0 INTRODUCTION 4-1 4.0.1 Carcinogenic Effects 4-1 4.0.2 Noncarcinogenlc Effects 4-1 4.1 QUANTITATIVE DOSE-RESPONSE 4-1 4.1.1 Carcinogenic Dose Extrapolation 4-1 4.1.2 Noncarcinogenlc Dose Extrapolation 4-4 4.2 TOXICITY PROFILES 4-4 4.2.1 Methylene Chloride 4-4 4.2.2 1,1-Dlchloroethene 4-6 4.2.3 Trichloroethene 4-6 4.2.4 Benzene 4-7 4.2.5 Toluene 4-7 4.2.6 Xylene 4-8 4.2.7 Arsenic 4-8 4.2.8 Cadmium 4-9 4.2.9 Chromium 4-10 4.2.10 Copper 4-10 4.2.11 Lead 4-11 III TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) Page No. CHAPTER 5 RISK CHARACTERIZATION 5.0 INTRODUCTION 5-1 5.1 INGESTION OF CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER 5-1 5.2 INGESTION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL 5-5 5.3 DERMAL EXPOSURE TO CONTAMINATED SOILS 5-5 5.4 INCIDENTAL INGESTION OF CONTAMINATED SURFACE WATER 5-17 5.5 INGESTION OF CONTAMINATED FISH 5-17 5.6 TOTAL EXPOSURE POINT RISK CHARACTERIZATION 5-17 CHAPTER 6 EVALUATION OF UNCERTAINTY 6.0 INTRODUCTION 6-1 6.1 INGESTION OF CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER 6-1 6.2 INGESTION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL 6-2 6.3 DERMAL EXPOSURE TO CONTAMINATED SOILS 6-2 6.4 INCIDENTAL INGESTION OF CONTAMINATED SURFACE WATER 6-5 6.5 INGESTION OF CONTAMINATED FISH 6-5 6.6 TOTAL EXPOSURE POINT RISK ASSESSMENT 6-8 7.0 REFERENCES 7-1 tv LIST OF APPENDICES APPENDIX A - WDNR WASTE INVENTORY Attached APPENDIX B - RES-FS1 2/16/88 CORRESPONDENCE TO EPA Attached APPENDIX C - HISTORICAL SAMPLING ANALYTICAL RESULTS Attached APPENDIX D - RES-FS' SITE INVESTIGATION ANALYTICAL RESULTS Attached APPENDIX E - GROUNDWATER MODELING REPORT Attached APPENDIX F - FATE AND TRANSPORT SUMMARIES Attached APPENDIX G - T-TEST WORKSHEETS Attached APPENDIX H - TOXICOLOGICAL SUMMARIES Attached LIST OF FIGURES Page No. Figure 1-1; Site Location Map 1-2 Figure 1-2; Site Map 1-3 Figure 1-3; Census Tract Map 1-4 Figure 1-4; Historical Surface Water Sampling Locations 1-6 Figure 1-5; Historical Soil Boring Locations 1-8 Figure 1-6; Soil Matrix: Decision Process for Evaluating Representative Concentrations 1-18 Figure 1-7; Water Matrix: Decision Process for Evaluating Representative Concentrations .... 1-19 Figure 1-8; Surface Water/Sediment Sampling Location Map 1-20 Figure 1-9; Monitoring Well Location Map 1-22 Figure 1-10; Residential Well Location Map 1-23 Figure 1-11; Approximate Air Monitoring Station Locations 1-25 Figure 2-1; Geologic Cross Section Location Map 2-2 Figure 2-2; Geologic Cross Section A-A' 2-3 Figure 2-3; Geologic Cross Section B-B' 2-4 Figure 2-4; Geologic Cross Section C-C' 2-5 Figure 2-5; Geologic Cross Section D-D' 2-6 Figure 2-6; Regional Geologic/Hydrogeologic Units 2-7 Figure 2-7; Piezometric Surface Maps: A-1 Aquifer 2-9 Figure 2-8; Piezometric Surface Maps: A-2 Aquifer 2-10 Figure 2-9; Piezometric Surface Maps: A-3 Aquifer 2-11 Figure 2-10; Area Geologic Map 2-12 Figure 2-11; Approximate Drainage Pathways 2-16 Figure 2-12; Wind Rose 2-17 vl LIST OF FIGURES (cont.) Page No. Figure 3-1; Proximity Map 3-3 Figure 3-2; Census Tract Map 3^ Figure 3-3; Land Use Map 3-6 Figure 3-4; Environmental Corridor Map 3-7 vil LIST OF TABLES Page No. Table 1-1; Summary of Surface Water Analytical Data 1-11 Table 1-2; Summary of Groundwater Analytical Data 1-12 Table 1-3; Summary of Total Soils (Shallow) Media Analytical Data 1-14 Table 1-4; Summary of Air Monitoring Analytical Data 1-16 Table 1-5; Indicator Compounds 1-27 Table 2-1; Hydraulic Conductivities and Velocities 2-14 Table 2-2; Selected Physical, Chemical and Fate Data for the Indicator Compounds 2-18 Table 3-1; Age and Income Characteristics of the Population of Waukesha County - Census Tracts 2008.01 or 2008.02 3-5 Table 3-2; Calculations for Exposure Doses 3-9 Table 3-3; Parameters Used in Exposure Dose Calculations 3-10 Table 3-4; Downgradient Groundwater Concentrations 3-11 Table 3-5; Estimated Adult Chronic Exposure Doses for Ingestion of Contaminated Groundwater 3-13 Table 3-6; Estimated Child Chronic Exposure Doses for Ingestion of Contaminated Groundwater 3-14 Table 3-7; Downgradient Sediment and Shallow Soil Concentrations 3-12 Table 3-8; Estimated Adult Chronic Exposure (Occupational) Dose for Ingestion of Contaminated Soil 3-15 Table 3-9; Estimated Adult Subchronic Exposure (Recreational) Dose for Incidental Ingestion of Contaminated Soil 3-16 Table 3-10; Estimated Adult Chronic Exposure (Occupational) Dose for Dermal Exposure to Contaminated Soil 3-18 Table 3-11; Estimated Adult Subchronic Exposure (Recreational) Dose for Dermal Exposure to Contaminated Soil 3-19 Table 3-12; Downgradient Surface Water Concentrations 3-17 vlii LIST OF TABLES (cont.) Page No. Table 3-13; Estimated Adult Subchronic Exposure Doses for Incidental Surface Water Ingestion 3-21 Table 3-14; Estimated Adult Chronic Exposure Doses for Ingestion of Contaminated Fish 3-22 Table 3-15; Estimated Child Chronic Exposure Doses for Ingestion of Contaminated Fish 3-23 Table 4-1; U.S. EPA Weight-of-Evidence Classification 4-2 Table 4-2; Summary of Noncarcinogenic Critical Effects 4-3 Table 4-3; Summary of Ingestion Toxicity Values 4-5 Table 5-1; Summary of Ingestion Toxicity Values for the Indicator Compounds 5-2 Table 5-2; Adult Risk Characterization for Ingestion of Groundwater: Noncarcinogenic Effects 5-3 Table 5-3; Child Risk Characterization for Ingestion of Groundwater: Noncarcinogenic Effects 5-4 Table 5-4; Estimated Adult Incremental Carcinogenic Risk Associated with ingesting Contaminated Groundwater 5-6 Table 5-5; Estimated Child Incremental Carcinogenic Risk Associated with ingesting Contaminated Groundwater 5-7 Table 5-6; Comparison of ARARs to Estimated Doses for Ingestion of Groundwater 5-8 Table 5-7; Adult Occupational Risk Characterization for Ingestion of Contaminated Soil: Noncarcinogenic Effects 5-9 Table 5-8; Adult Recreational Risk Characterization for Ingestion of Contaminated Soil: Noncarcinogenic Effects 5-10 Table 5-9; Estimated Incremental Carcinogenic Risk (Occupational) Associated with Incidental Ingestion of Soil 5-11 Table 5-10; Estimated Incremental Carcinogenic Risk (Recreational) Associated with Incidental Ingestion of Soil 5-12 ix LIST OF TABLES (cont.) Page No. Table 5-11; Adult Risk Characterization for Dermal Exposure (Occupational) to Contaminated Soil: Noncarcinogenic Effects 5-13 Table 5-12; Adutt Risk Characterization for Dermal Exposure (Recreational) to Contaminated Soil: Noncarcinogenic Effects 5-14 Table 5-13; Estimated Adult Incremental Carcinogenic Risk (Occupational) Associated with Dermal Exposure to Contaminated Soil 5-15 Table 5-14; Estimated Adult Incremental Carcinogenic Risk (Recreational) Associated with Dermal Exposure to Contaminated Soil 5-16 Table 5-15; Adult Risk Characterization for Incidental Ingestion (Recreational) of Surface Water: Noncarcinogenic Effects 5-18 Table 5-16; Estimated Adult Incremental Carcinogenic Risk (Recreational) Associated with Incidental Ingestion of Contaminated Surface Water 5-19 Table 5-17; Comparison of ARARs to Estimated Doses for Incidental Surface Water Ingestion 5-20 Table 5-18; Adult Risk Characterization for Ingestion of Contaminated Fish: Noncarcinogenic Effects 5-21 Table 5-19; Child Risk Characterization for Ingestion of Contaminated Fish: Noncarcinogenic Effects 5-22 Table 5-20; Estimated Incremental Carcinogenic Risk Associated with Ingesting Fish 5-23 Table 5-21; Comparison of ARARs to Estimated Doses for Ingestion of Contaminated Fish 5-24 Table 5-22; Total Upper Bound Noncarcinogenic Risk Associated with Exposure Due to Occupational Use of Area 5-26 Table 5-23; Total Upper Bound Incremental Carcinogenic Risk Associated with Exposure Due to Occupational Use of Area 5-27 Table 5-24; Total Upper Bound Noncarcinogenic Risk Associated with Exposure Due to Recreational Use of Area 5-28 Table 5-25; Total Upper Bound Incremental Carcinogenic Risk Associated with Exposure Due to Recreational Use of Area 5-29 LIST OF TABLES (cont.) 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