The challenges of cultural relations between the European Union and Latin America and the Caribbean Lluís Bonet and Héctor Schargorodsky (Eds.) The challenges of cultural relations between the European Union and Latin America and the Caribbean Lluís Bonet and Héctor Schargorodsky (Eds.) Title: The Challenges of Cultural Relations between the European Union and Latin America and the Caribbean Editors: Lluís Bonet and Héctor Schargorodsky Publisher: Quaderns Gescènic. Col·lecció Quaderns de Cultura n. 5 1st Edition: August 2019 ISBN: 978-84-938519-4-1 Editorial coordination: Giada Calvano and Anna Villarroya Design and editing: Sistemes d’Edició Printing: Rey center Translations: María Fernanda Rosales, Alba Sala Bellfort, Debbie Smirthwaite Pictures by Lluís Bonet (pages 12, 22, 50, 132, 258, 282, 320 and 338), by Shutterstock.com, acquired by OEI, original photos by A. Horulko, Delpixel, V. Cvorovic, Ch. Wollertz, G. C. Tognoni, LucVi and J. Lund (pages 84, 114, 134, 162, 196, 208, 232 and 364) and by www.pixnio.com, original photo by pics_pd (page 386). Front cover: Watercolor by Lluís Bonet EULAC Focus has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 693781. Giving focus to the Cultural, Scientific and Social Dimension of EU - CELAC relations (EULAC Focus) is a research project, funded under the EU’s Horizon 2020 programme, coordinated by the University of Barcelona and integrated by 18 research centers from Europe and Latin America and the Caribbean. Its main objective is that of «giving focus» to the Cultural, Scientific and Social dimension of EU- CELAC relations, with a view to determining synergies and cross-fertilization, as well as identifying asymmetries in bi-lateral and bi-regional relations. This publication reflects only the authors’ views and not those of the European Union. This work may rely on data from sources external to the EULAC-FOCUS project Consortium. Members of the Consortium do not accept liability for loss or damage suffered by any third party as a result of errors or inaccuracies in such data. The information in this document is provided «as is» and no guarantee or warranty is given that the information is fit for any particular purpose. The user thereof uses the information at its sole risk and neither the European Union nor any member of the EULAC-FOCUS Con- sortium is liable for any use that may be made of the information. INDEX List of contributors ...................................................... 5 Foreword ............................................................... 13 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKS FOR COOPERATION....................... 21 1. Cultural policy and diplomacy in the Euro-Latin American and Caribbean relationships: genesis, discourse, praxis and prospective .................... 23 2. Boosting EU-LAC cultural cooperation: lessons learned from EU programmes . 51 3. The cultural dimension of European Union - Latin American relations through the lens of cross-cutting issues of mobility, inequality, diversity and sustainability ......................................................... 85 4. European cooperation and cultural action of EUNIC clusters in Latin America and the Caribbean ..................................................... 109 SUB-REGIONAL EXPERIENCE AND DYNAMICS ............................ 133 5. The experience of Ibero-American cooperation programmes and their potential development at the EU-CELAC Level..................................... 135 6. The possible impact of Brexit on Caribbean-European cultural relations ...... 163 7. Relations between Europe and Central America: a polyhedral fit ............. 185 FLOWS AND STRATEGIES ............................................... 207 8. Inter-university cultural cooperation between CELAC and EU: notions, current scenario and perspectives. ....................................... 209 9. Asymmetries in cultural foreign trade between Latin America and the Caribbean and the European Union ...................................... 225 3 The challenges of cultural relations between the European Union and Latin America and the Caribbean 10. Performing the fantasy of mobility while enacting the violence of immobility ........................................................ 259 11. Relations between Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean in the sphere of performing arts .................................................... 283 12. Audiovisual flows in Latin America and Europe .......................... 313 13. Digital cultural heritage in EU-LAC countries: the protection of copyright in the digital environment............................................. 339 14. Latin America and the Caribbean look at Europe in the journey of their cultural property..................................................... 365 15. Sports exchanges between Europe and Latin America: flows, migrations and indifferences..................................................... 387 4 LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS Pablo ALABARCES Full Professor of Popular Culture at the Faculty of Social Sciences of the University of Buenos Aires, where he led the PhD programme between 2004 and 2010, and Principal Investigator at CONICET. Doctor of Sociology, he is considered one of the founders of Latin American sports sociology. Among his fourteen published books are Fútbol y Patria (2002) and his recent Historia Mínima del Fútbol en América Latina (2018). Jordi BALTÀ PORTOLÉS Researcher and trainer in cultural policies and international relations, expert in cultural diversity, local cultural policies and the role of culture in sustainable development. He is a consultant for the Committee on culture of United Cities and Local Governments (UCLG), member of the Expert Group for the implementation of the UNESCO Convention on the Diversity of cultural expressions and collaborates on a regular basis with other or- ganisations, like the Asia-Europe Museum Network (ASEMUS). Mônica BARCELOS Coordinator of Ibermuseos cooperation programme of the Organisation of Ibero-American States. She worked for several public and private cultural projects in Brazil and abroad. She was in charge of structuring the cultural area of the Cervantes Institutes in Brasilia and Curitiba. Master’s degree in Cultural Management at the University Carlos III of Madrid, Postgraduate diploma in International cooperation and cultural management at the Uni- versity of Barcelona and Specialist in Sustainable tourism planning, University of Brasilia. Simone BELLI Researcher of the attraction of research talent of the Community of Madrid, Faculty of Political Sciences and Sociology at the Complutense University of Madrid. Visiting Profes- sor at Yachay Tech University and University of Aosta Valley. Europeus Doctor in Social Psychology at the Autonomous University of Barcelona, he has been postdoctoral re- searcher at the University of San Diego-California, University Carlos III of Madrid and Autonomous University of Madrid. He is director of the YT-IN Research Group (Yachay Tech - Innovation). 5 The challenges of cultural relations between the European Union and Latin America and the Caribbean Peter BIRLE Director of the Research Division and the Research and Publications Department of the Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut (Ibero-American Institute), Berlin. PhD in Political Science and Adjunct lecturer at Freie Universität Berlin. His research interests focus on political systems, external policies, regional cooperation and integration in Latin America from a comparative perspective. Lluís BONET Director of the Cultural Management Programme and Full Professor at the University of Barcelona. Coordinator of the EULAC Focus project, he is involved in other European pro- jects: Be SpectACTive! (Creative Europe); CultureBase, Mesoc and SPOT (Horizon2020). Researcher at Kunnskapsverket, he has been President of ENCATC and of the Cultural Policy Research Award. He was awarded the CAC research prize and has been guest re- searcher at MIT and the University of Montpellier, as well as consultant for IDB, OEI and UNESCO. PhD in Economics and Business, he has specialised in cultural economics, arts management and cultural policies. Suzanne BURKE Lecturer in Cultural Studies at the University of West Indies, St. Augustine campus. PhD in Sociology at the University of Essex, her research focuses on culture, carnival, cultural industries and creative entrepreneurship in the Caribbean and its relation to development and evaluation of cultural policies and programmes. Giada CALVANO Research Fellow of the Cultural Management Programme and PhD candidate in Culture and Heritage Management at the University of Barcelona. Researcher for Be SpectACTive! (Creative Europe) and EULAC Focus (Horizon2020) European projects. Lecturer in interna- tional cultural cooperation and festivals and performing arts management. Consultant and project manager in the field of culture, publishing, environmental sustainability and tourism. She was previously Head of Research at the Observatory of Performing Arts of the Emilia-Romagna Region (Italy). Vanessa DE BRITTO M Project consultant of Ibermuseos cooperation programme. She was Executive Director of Cinemateca Boliviana Foundation, and Director of Artistic and cultural promotion at the Ministry of Culture of Bolivia. She has been consultant for the Brazilian Institute of Muse- 6 List of contributors ums and evaluated policies of cultural cooperation for different institutions. Master in Cultural Management from the Ortega y Gasset University