Distance Learning Week 5 Topic:Indian Removal Act & The Alamo Activity Instructions 1) Indian Removal Act Reading & Read the article and answer the questions Questions Worksheet as you go. 2) The Alamo Reading ● Read the Alamo article ● Take notes in the graphic organizer ○ In the middle box write the topic “The Alamo” and in the surrounding boxes write important information ● Answer the questions 3)Illustration ● Draw a picture that represents either the events of the Indian Removal Act or the Alamo. Include a caption to explain your drawing. Indian Removal Act Article & Worksheet Early History & Native American Rights The Native American tribes of the United States have been fighting for their rights since the arrival of the Europeans. Today they are still fighting for their civil rights and the rights of their people. With the arrival of Europeans in the Americas, the way of life for Native Americans was changed forever. The Europeans brought diseases that killed as many as 90% of the natives. They also brought a different way of life. They wanted to take over the land and establish their own government. As the British colonies, and later the United States, began to settle the east coast, the Native American tribes were pushed to the west. They tried to fight back, but the European's superior numbers and weapons gave them little chance. 1. What are Native Americans still fighting for today? 2. Which was not one of the ways mentioned in the text that the Europeans changed Native American's lives? A) They brought government B) They taught them how to grow crops and hunt C) They brought diseases D) They took over the land 3. Why did the Native Americans move west instead of staying on their land? The Indians are Forced Out In 1830, President Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act. This law resulted in the forced removal of the Five Civilized Tribes (the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Creek, Seminole, and Choctaw) from the Southeastern United States to Indian Territory in Oklahoma. Some Native American tribes in the southeast were forcibly marched to Oklahoma. Today this march is called the Trail of Tears. In 1838, the Cherokee tribe was forced to leave their home and march to Oklahoma. Around 4,000 Cherokee people died during the march. 4. Who signed the Indian Removal Act? 5. How many tribes were forced to leave? 6. Where where the tribes forced to go? A) California B) Wyoming C) Oklahoma D) Arkansas 7. Why was the Native American walk to Oklahoma later named the "Trail of Tears"? No Longer Considered Nations and Getting Worse Up until 1871, the United States had established treaties with different Native American tribes. The tribes were recognized as independent nations. However, the Indian Appropriations Act of 1871 said that the tribes were no longer considered nations and that the previous treaties with the tribes were no longer valid. Things didn't get better for Native Americans. They were forced to live on reservations, but at the same time they continued to lose land through new policies made by the U.S. government such as the General Allotment Act of 1887. The Native Americans on reservations often lived in poverty, had low employment, and poor education. 8. The ___________ __________ ______ ____ ______ was a law that passed saying 2 points independent Native American tribes were not their own nations and all treaties with ​ them would stop. 9. Which of these statements is true? A) The General Allotment Act of 1887 gave Native Americans some of their land back. B) The United States never had any treaties with Native Americans C) Native Americans on reservations lived in poverty with low education. D) Native Americans we excited about leaving their land and traveling to new land. Indian Citizenship Act- Making Things Better The fourteenth amendment to the Constitution states that all persons born in the United States are citizens. However, this didn't apply to Native Americans. They were not allowed to vote even though they were born in the country. In 1924, the Indian Citizen Act was passed. This law gave Native Americans full citizenship in the United States including the right to vote. Despite this law, some states were slow to allow Indians to vote. It wasn't until 1948 that they were allowed to vote in every state. Things began to improve somewhat in the 1900s. The Indian Reorganization Act was signed into law in 1934. It reversed some of the issues with earlier laws and renewed the rights of the Indians to form their own governments. In 1968, the Indian Civil Rights Act was signed into law. A year later, in 1969, the National Indian Education Association was formed to help improve the education of Native Americans. 10. What act renewed the rights of the Indians to form their own governments? 11. Which well known historical amendment, mentioned in the text, did not apply to Native Americans? A) 1st B) 5th C) 4th D) 14th 12. In what year were Native Americans considered citizens of the United States with some states allowing them to vote? A) 1934 B) 1969 C) 1968 D) 1924 13. How many years after the Indian Citizen Act was passed did it take for all states to allow Native Americans to vote? Indian Civil Rights Act & Moving Forward The Indian Civil Rights Act of 1968 was a big step in advancing the rights of Native Americans. It is sometimes called the Indian Bill of Rights. This law guaranteed important civil rights for Native Americans. This law guarantees many of the same rights that are in the Bill of Rights such as free speech, a speedy and fair trial, the right to due process and a trial by jury, the right to an attorney, freedom of the press, and more. This was an important law and a big step forward in the fight for Native American civil rights. There are many complex issues surrounding Native American civil rights. This is mostly because people that live on reservations are dual citizens. They are citizens of the United States, but also of a tribal nation. Other current issues include voting rights and the use of Native American images as the mascots for sports teams. 14. According to the text, why was the Indian Civil Rights Act of 1968 was a big step in advancing the rights of Native Americans? Check all that apply Free speech Fair trial Given their land back Right to an attorney Right to carry guns None of these above The Alamo Article In the 1820s and '30s, many Americans moved to Texas from the southern United States. The territory officially belonged to Mexico, but the land was open to settlers. The settlers had governed themselves for about 15 years when the Mexican government realized that Americans outnumbered Mexicans in Texas! The Mexican government became worried that the U.S. would take Texas. Mexico decided to push the settlers back to the United States. The settlers refused to leave. Mexican General Santa Anna marched into Texas with many troops. He crossed the Rio Grande and approached San Antonio. Here, the Texans were awaiting attack. The Texans used the Alamo as a fort. Originally it was a mission, used for religious reasons. The man in command of the Texans was William Barret Travis. He sent appeal after appeal to the U.S. government for back up. No one answered. The Texans knew that they were outnumbered 10 to 1. Still, they decided to defend themselves to the death. From February 23, 1836 to Sunday March 6, 1836, the settlers waited. On March 6, Santa Anna stormed the walls of the Alamo. The Texans fought until death, even after hours of arm-to-arm combat. On April 12, 1836, a new Texan army under Sam Houston fought and defeated Santa Anna. These men were fighting for the rights of themselves and their families to live in Texas. They were also fighting for revenge. When Sam Houston led his men into battle, he rallied his men by shouting, "Remember the Alamo!" When Houston won, Texas became the Lone Star Republic. Did you know that Texas was the only U. S. state to be its own country? In 1845 Texas asked to be a part of the United States. The Republic was annexed by the U.S. government and became the Lone Star State. Alamo Reading Notes Graphic Organizer Alamo Reading Questions 1. Who was in charge of the Texans at the Alamo in 1836? A. General Santa Anna B. William Barret Travis C. Sam Houston D. George W. Bush 2. In this passage, the word Americans refers to A. Citizens of the United States of America. B. Native Americans. C. Citizens of the United States of Mexico. D. Canadians. 3. Why was Mexico worried that the U.S. might try to take Texas from them? A. Americans outnumbered Mexicans in Texas. B. Mexicans outnumbered Americans in Texas. C. They weren't worried. D. They just worried a lot. 4. According to the passage, Sam Houston A. was successful in getting revenge for the Alamo. B. was unsuccessful in getting revenge for the Alamo. C. decided revenge for the Alamo wasn't worth fighting for. D. was an important person during the California Gold Rush. 5. The passage "The Story of the Alamo" is mostly about A. the history of building the Alamo. B. the differences between Santa Anna and other generals. C. a made-up story that Texans still tell. D. Texas's fight for independence. 6. What was one similarity and one difference between Santa Anna and Sam Houston? 7.