The Rockefeller Foundation Annual Report 1926 The Rockefeller Foundation 61 Broadway, New York ~R CONTENTS FACE PRESIDENT'S REVIEW 1 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 61 REPORT OF THE GENERAL DIRECTOR OF THE INTERNATIONAL HEALTH BOARD 75 REPORT OF THE GENERAL DIRECTOR OF THE CHINA MEDICAL BOARD 277 REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE DIVISION OF MEDICAL EDUCATION 339 REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE DIVISION OF STUDIES 359 REPORT OF THE TREASURER 371 INDEX 441 ILLUSTRATIONS Map of world-wide activities of Rockefeller Foundation in 1926.... 4 School of Public Health, Zagreb, Yugoslavia 17 Institute of Hygiene, Budapest, Hungary 17 Graduating class, Warsaw School of Nurses 18 Pages from "Methods and Problems of Medical Education" 18 Fellowships for forty-eight countries 41 I)r. Wallace Buttricfc 67 Counties of the United States with full-time health departments.... 90 Increa.se in county appropriations for full-time health work in four states of the United States 92 Reduction in typhoid death-rate in state of North Carolina, in counties with full-time health organizations, and in counties without such organizations 94 Reduction in infant mortality rate in the state of Virginia, in counties with full-time health organizations, and in counties without such organizations 95 Health unit booth at a county fair in Alabama 101 Baby clinic in a rural area of Alabama 101 Pupils of a rural school in Tennessee who have the benefit of county health service 102 Mothers and children at county health unit clinic in Ceylon 102 States which have received aid in strengthening their health services 120 Examining room, demonstration health center, Hartberg, Austria.. 125 Obstetrical clinic, district health center, Warszawa, Poland 125 Laboratory, State Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czechc-o Slovakia 126 Central Public Health Laboratory, Managua, Nicaragua 126 Increase in yearly number of examinations, State Public Health Laboratory, Oklahoma 129 Rural home in Porto Rico with well-constructed latrine 153 Patients gathered for hookworm treatment, Colombia 153 A talk on hookworm disease in a Java home 154 Siamese coolies collecting garbage 154 Areas of Panama in which latrine campaigns and hookworm treat- ment have been carried out 162 Correlation between egg count and hemoglobin, Costa Rica 16S Intensity of hookworm infection, Madras Presidency 175 X THE ROCKEFELLER FOUNDATION PAGE Area of Malacca, Straits Settlements, where hookworm control has been carried out 184 Killing mosquitoes with Paris green, Italy 193 Dipping for mosquito larvae, Italy 193 Ditch covered with straw to prevent mosquito breeding, Porto Rico 194 Spleen examination, Porto Rico 194 Malaria morbidity in Mississippi counties 196 Decline in malaria death-rate, South Carolina 198 Areas of Italy, Sicily, and Sardinia where demonstrations in malaria control are in progress 200 Spleen indices, Italy, before and after inauguration of malaria control 202 Reduction in malaria, Bianconovo, Italy 203 Reduction in number of dispensary patients in Bianconovo and Porto Torres following malaria control 204 Malaria morbidity rates and A. albimanus catches, Porto Rico... 206 Reduction in malaria in the Philippine Islands 210 An Anopheles-breeding stream, Argentina , 215 Same stream after clearing 215 Drainage ditch, Brazil 216 Nursery for top minnows 216 Decline of yellow fever in Western Hemisphere 225 Map of Southwestern Nigeria showing towns and percentage of homes where A. aegypti larvae were found 227 Two sources of mosquito breeding in West Africa 229 Areas of West Africa from which yellow fever was reported in 1926.. 230 Headquarters of the Board's Yellow Fever Commission, Yaba, near Lagos, Nigeria 230 School of Hygiene, Warsaw 239 New wing of State Serum Institute, Copenhagen 239 D, Anna Nery School of Nursing, Rio de Janeiro 240 Library of the D. Anna Nery School of Nursing 240 Graduating classes, Peking Union Medical College and School of Nursing 285 Peking Union Medical College students and faculty 286 Staff of the Peking Health Station 295 Pupils from a government primary school assembled for examination at Health Station 296 Room in the X-ray School, Peking Union Medical College 299 A medical ward, Peking Union Medical College 300 Science Hall, Shantung Christian University 303 Science Hall, College of Yale-in-China 304 Wounded soldiers, Yangchow Hospital 309 ILLUSTRATIONS XI PAGE Entrance to clinic building, Huchow Union Hospital 309 Wing of main building, Soochow Hospital 310 Fenchow Hospital 315 Women's ward, Fenchow Hospital 315 Laboratory, Paotingfu Hospital 316 An operating room, Cbangteh Hospital 316 Medical School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Siam 365 Class of School of Nursing, Bangkok, Siam 365 Schoolroom, Iowa State Psychopathic Hospital 366 THE ROCKEFELLER FOUNDATION OFFICERS, MEMBERS, AND COMMITTEES 1926 Members JOHN G. AGAR * JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER, JR, WALLACE BUTTRJCK 8 WICKLIKFE ROSE JOHN W. DAVIS JULIUS ROSENWALD SIMON FLEXNER MARTIN A. RYERSON RAYMOND B. FOSDICK FREDERICK STRAUSS CHARLES E. HUGHES GEORGE E. VINCENT VERNON KELLOGG WILLIAM ALLEN WHITE RAY LYMAN WILBUR Executive Committee GEORGE E. VINCENT, Chairman JOHN G. AGAR l RAYMOND B. FOSDICK WALLACE BUTTRICK s VERNON KELLOGG WICKLIFFE ROSE NORMA S. THOMPSON, Secretary Finance Committee JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER, JR., Chairman RAYMOND B. FOSDICK FREDERICK STRAUSS Chairman of the Board of Trustees JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER, JR. President GEORGE E. VINCENT Secretary NORMA S. THOMPSON Treasurer LOUIS GUERINEAU MYERS Acting Comptroller GEORGE J. BEAL General Director of the International Health Board FREDERICK F. RUSSELL General Director of the China Medical Board ROGER S. GREENE Director of the Division of Medical Education RICHARD M. PEARCE Director of the Division of Studies EDWIN R. EMBREE * Succeeded Dr. Buttrick, * Died May 2 7, 1926. THE ROCKEFELLER FOUNDATION OFFICERS, MEMBERS, AND COMMITTEES 1927 Members JOHN G. AGAR JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER, JR. JOHN W, DAVIS WICKLIFFE ROSE DAVID L. EDSALL JULIUS ROSENWALD SIMON FLEXNER MARTIN A. RYERSON RAYMOND B. FOSDICK FREDERICK STRAUSS HERBERT S. HADIEY GEORGE E. VINCENT CHARLES E. HUGHES GEORGE H. WHIPPLE VERNON KELLOGG WILLIAM ALLEN WHITE RAY LYMAN WILBUR Executive Committee GEORGE E. VINCENT, Chairman JOHN G. AGAR VERNON KELLOGG SIMON FLEXNER WICKLIFFE ROSE RAYMOND B. FOSDICK FREDERICK STRAUSS NORMA S. THOMPSON, Secretary Divisional Committee International Health Division THE PRESIDENT, Chairman SIMON FLEXNER WICKLIFFE ROSE VERNON KELLOGG < _ ^ % WILLIAM ALLEN WHITE Divisional Committee Division of Medical Education THE PRESIDENT, Chairman DAVID L. EDSALL GEORGE H. WHIPPLE FREDERICK STRAUSS RAY LYMAN WILBUR Finance Committee JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER, JR., Chairman RAYMOND B. FOSDICK FREDERICK STRAUSS Chairman of the Board of Trustees JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER, JR. President 0 GEORGE E. VINCENT Vice-President EDWIN R. EMBREE ^ice-President in Europe SELSKAR M. GUNN Vice-President in the Far East ROGER S. GREENE Director International Health Division FREDERICK F. RUSSELL, MD. Director Division of Medical Education RICHARD M. PEARCE, M.D. Secretary NORMA S. THOMPSON Treasurer LOUIS GUERINEAU MYERS Comptroller GEORGE J. BEAL THE ROCKEFELLER FOUNDATION President's Review To the Members of the Rockefeller Foundation: Gentlemen: I have the honor to transmit herewith a general review of the work of the Rockefeller Foundation for the period January 1, 1926, to December 31, 1926, together with the detailed reports of the Secretary and the Treasurer of the Foun- dation, the General Director of the International Health Board, the General Director of the China Medical Board, the Director of the Division of Medical Education, and the Director of the Division of Studies. Respectfully yours, GEORGE E. VINCENT President ATLANTIC • Hookworm control or survey o Malaria work ® Yellow fever control o Yellow fever survey County health work o Other public health work Public health education Fig. If—Map of world-wide activit Countries in which fellowships were granted Medical school supported in full Countries in which aid was given to medical schools Countries in which aid was given to premedica! and biological sciences A Countries in which aid was given to nursing education of the Rockefeller Foundation in 1926. PRESIDENT'S REVIEW The Year In Brief During 1926 the Rockefeller Foundation, in disbursing 29,741,474, (1) aided the growth of fourteen medical schools in ten different countries; (2) maintained a modern medical school and teaching hospital in Peking; (3) assisted the de- velopment of professional public health training in fifteen institutions in twelve countries and in ten field stations in the United States and Europe; (4) contributed to nurse training schools in the United States, Brazil, France, Poland, Yugoslavia, China, Japan, and Siam; (5) sent, as emergency aid, journals, books, or laboratory supplies to institutions in twenty European countries; (6) helped twenty-one governments to combat hookworm disease; (7) gave funds to organized rural health services in 244 counties in the United States and to thirty-four districts in twelve other countries; (8) shared in the creation or support of various departments in state or national health services in sixteen countries ;(9) co- operated with Brazil in the control of yellow fever, or in precautionary measures against the yellow fever mosquito, in ten states; (10) continued 8 THE ROCKEFELLER FOUNDATION yellow fever surveys and studies in Nigeria and on the Gold Coast; (11) aided efforts to show the possibilities of controlling malaria in nine North American