BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, 61(3): 929–933, 1997 BATHYSQUILLA MICROPS (MANNING, 1961), A DEEP-SEA MANTIS SHRIMP NEW TO THE BRAZILIAN FAUNA (CRUSTACEA: STOMATOPODA: BATHYSQUILLIDAE) Marcos Tavares and Joel Braga de Mendonça, Jr. Thirty-five species of mantis shrimps are known from Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina (Lemos de Castro, 1955; Manning, 1969; Gomes Correia, unpubl.; Boschi, Fischbach and Iorio, 1992), however, no bathysquillids have been recorded from that area. Deep-sea surveys conducted off the coast of Brazil in 1987 by the “Marion Dufresne” as part of an agreement between Universidade Santa Úrsula, Rio de Janeiro, and the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, for the study of the deep-sea fauna (Guille and Ramos, 1988; Manning, Tavares and Albuquerque, 1989; Tavares and Albuquerque, 1990a; 1990b; Tavares, 1991a; 1991b), revealed the presence of Bathysquilla microps (Manning, 1961) in southeastern Brazil. The only specimen obtained was a male dredged at depths be- tween 750 and 785 m, which is deposited in the collections of the Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ). Terminology and propodal index used below are those discussed in Manning (1969). Abbreviations used include: st, station; CP, beam trawl; tl, total length; mm, millimeters. Bathysquilla microps (Manning, 1961) Figures 1 A-C, E-F Lysiosquilla microps Manning, 1961: 693, Fig. 5, pl. 10-11. Type locality: Gulf of Mexico, “Silver Bay”: st. 1196, 8.6.1959, 24° 11' N - 83° 21.5' W, 400 fms [720 m]: holotype M tl 198 mm (USNM 104109). Bathysquilla microps: Manning, 1963: 323. Material examined.– Brazil, TAAF MD55: st. 4 CP7, 10.5.1987, 21° 31' S - 40° 07' W, 750-785 m: 1 M (MNRJ 1588). Previous accounts.— Manning (1961; 1968; 1969): descriptions; drawings of anterior portion of body, rostral plate, male accessory organ, and outline of telson; photographs of body in dorsal and ventral views, and of raptorial claw. Manning and Struhsaker (1976): outline of front, carpus of claw and basal prolongation of uropod. Takeda (1983): color photograph of the entire body in dorsal view. Bruce (1988): additions to previously pub- lished descriptions; outline of front and of sixth thoracic sternite. Moosa (1985): draw- ings of anterior part of body; exposed thoracic sternites and first two abdominal somites in lateral view, raptorial claw, fourth to sixth abdominal somites, telson and uropod. Measurements and propodal index (pi).— carapace length 28 mm; fifth abdominal somite width 39 mm; raptorial propodus length 37 mm; total length 152 mm; telson length 28 mm; telson maximal width 38 mm; pi 075. Variations.— In B. microps the mandibular palp is typically three-segmented (Man- ning, 1961), but in our specimen palp from left mandible has only two segments (Fig. 1 E). Because the proximal and distal segments of the two-segmented palp have the charac- 929 930 BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, 61(3): 929–933, 1997 Fig. 1a-c, e,f. Bathysquilla microps (Manning, 1961). Brazil, TAAF MD55: st. 4 CP7, 10.5.1987, 21° 31' S - 40° 07' W, 750-785 m: M tl 152 mm (MNRJ 1588). A, dorsal view of sixth abdominal somite, telson and uropods. B, ventral view of left raptorial claw. Notice that dactylus has 15 teeth, including a very small proximal spine. C, ventral left uropod. E, palp of left mandible. F, palp of right mandible. Notice characteristic shape and setal types of distal and proximal segments of left and right palps. D, B. crassispinosa (Fukuda, 1909), redrawn from Gordon (1929: 461, fig. 2a), ventral left uropod. Note the presence, only in B. crassispinosa, of a strong and sharp ventral spine on the basal segment of the uropod, and an acute ventral spine on the proximal segment of the exopod. Scales: A-B, 10 mm; E-F, 3 mm. teristic shape and setal types of the distal and proximal segments of a typical three-seg- mented palp (Fig. 1F), it seems that the penultimate segment did not differentiate. According to Manning (1969) and Moosa (1985) shape of eyes and abdomen ornamen- tation in B. microps are correlated with age, small specimens (tl 53 mm) have more globular eyes than the larger ones (tl 141 mm); also the abdominal spination is more pronounced in adults. The number of teeth on the raptorial claw varies from 13 to 15 in B. microps. The Western Atlantic specimens examined by Manning (1961: 694, Fig. 3; 1969: 96, Fig. 26c; Manning and Struhsaker, 1976: 445) had 13-15 teeth on the claw. Moosa (1985: 373) reported a large male (tl 141 mm) with 13 teeth on the raptorial claw, and a small male (tl NOTES 931 53 mm) with 14 teeth, both from Philippines. The claw with 12 teeth illustrated in Moosa (1985: 372, Fig. 1c) may not be accurate. The right claw of the Brazilian specimen has 14 teeth, while left claw has 15 teeth, including a very small proximal spine (Fig. 1 B). Variation in the number of teeth claw has also been reported in B. crassispinosa, 9 - 11 (Fukuda, 1910: 146; Manning, 1969: 98; 1991: 3; Moosa, 1985: 371; Bruce, 1988: 88). Manning (1991) observed that not only the late larva but also the adults of B. crassispinosa can have nine teeth. Propodal index for our material (pi 075; tl 152 mm) is within the variation found by Manning and Struhsaker (1976) for males from Western Atlantic (pi 074 to 092; tl 68-255 mm). The western South Atlantic and the Caribbean material agree in almost all regards, however in the Brazilian specimen the last movable spine on the outer margin of penultimate uropod segment does not extend beyond the midlength of the distal segment (Fig. 1A), whereas in the Caribbean specimens it does extend beyond the midlength of the distal segment (Maning, 1969). Remarks.— The family Bathysquillidae contains two genera and four species as fol- lows: Bathysquilla wetherelli (Woodward, 1879) from the Eocene of England (Quayle, 1987: 609), and the Recent species Bathysquilla crassispinosa (Fukuda, 1909), B. microps, and Altosquilla soelae Bruce, 1985. The Indo-West Pacific species Indosquilla manihinei Ingle and Merret, 1971, previously included in the Bathysquillidae, has been recently moved into a new family, Indosquillidae (Manning, 1995). B. crassispinosa and B. microps are closely related species, differing in: (a) the number of teeth on the raptorial claw, 13-15 in B. microps and 9-11 in B. crassispinosa; (b) the shape of the eyes, slender in B. microps and globular in B. crassispinosa; and (c) the number of dorsal spines on the carpus of the raptorial claw, one dorsal spine in B. microps and two in B. crassispinosa (Manning, 1969). Perhaps the most striking difference be- tween B. microps and B. crassispinosa is the presence, only in B. crassispinosa, of a strong and sharp ventral spine (Fig. 1C,D) on the basal segment of the uropod (Gordon, 1929; Manning, 1969), and an acute ventral spine on the proximal segment of the exopod (Fig. 1C,D). Geographic and bathymetric range.— B. microps is known from both Western Atlantic (Bahamas, Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Suriname, French Guiana, and southeastern Brazil, this report), and Indo-West Pacific (Hawaii Islands, Mariana Islands, Australia and Phil- ippines), while its Indo-West Pacific counterpart, B. crassispinosa, occurs only in scat- tered localities in Japan, South China Sea, Philippines, Australia, Madagascar, Mozambique, and South Africa (Manning, Kropp and Dominguez, 1990; Bruce, 1988). B. microps is found between 604 and 1519 m, whereas B. crassispinosa has been re- corded in depths between 200 and 400 m. It seems that there is no correlation between body size and depth range in these two species, as large and small specimens can occur in similar depths (Manning, Kopp and Dominguez, 1990; Moosa, 1985: 371, material). ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We are sincerely grateful to R. B. Manning (National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.) for reviewing a draft of the manuscript and providing us with helpful suggestions. He also kindly checked the English text. MT thanks J. M. Ramos (Chancellor of the Universidade Santa Úrsula, Rio de Janeiro) and A. Guille (Director of the Observatoire Océanologique 932 BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, 61(3): 929–933, 1997 de Banyuls, Laboratoire Arago, Banyuls-sur-mer) for their invitation to participate in the cruise of the Marion Dufresne to Brazil, and for making this interesting specimen available for study. Draw- ings Fig 1 A-C are by M. H. Pinheiro (artist at Universidade Santa Úrsula). F. W. Kurts (Universidade Santa Úrsula) kindly helped us in the search for bibliography. MT thanks CNPq (National Council for the Development of Science and Technology, Brasilia) for support in the form of ongoing grant 520254/95-3. LITERATURE CITED Boschi, E. E., C. E. Fischbach and M. I. Iorio. 1992. Catalogo ilustrado de los crustaceos estomatopodos y decapodos marinos de Argentina. Frente Maritimo, 10, section A: 7-94. Bruce, A. J. 1988. Two mantis shrimps new to the Australian fauna (Crustacea: Stomatopoda: Bathysquillidae). The Beagle 5: 87-95. Fukuda, T. 1910. Report on Japonese Stomatopoda with descriptions of two new species. Annot. Zool. Japon 7: 139-152. Gomes Correia, M. M. 1986. Stomatopoda do Brasil (Crustacea, Hoplocarida). Ph.D. Disserta- tion, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo. 226 p. Gordon, I. 1929. Two rare stomatopods of the genus Lysiosquilla Dana. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 10. 4: 460-462. Guille, A. and J. M. Ramos. 1988. Les rapports de campagnes à la mer. MD55/Brésil a bord du “Marion Dufresne” 6 mai - 2 juin 1987, (87-03): 1-198. Lemos de Castro, A. 1955. Contribuição ao conhecimento dos crustáceos da ordem Stomatopoda do litoral brasileiro: (Crustacea, Hoplocarida). Bol. Mus. Nac., Rio de Janeiro, 128: 1-68.