University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2012 Real-time Open Source Traffic Control Software For The Advance Traffic Controller Justin Key University of Central Florida Part of the Engineering Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Doctoral Dissertation (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Key, Justin, "Real-time Open Source Traffic Control Software For The Advance Traffic Controller" (2012). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 2396. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/2396 REAL-TIME OPEN SOURCE TRAFFIC CONTROL SOFTWARE FOR THE ADVANCE TRAFFIC CONTROLLER by JUSTIN LOGAN KEY B.S. University of Central Florida, 2004 M.S. University of Central Florida, 2005 A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the College of Graduate Studies at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Fall Term 2012 Major Professor: Essam Radwan ABSTRACT Under the initiative of Department of Transportation (DOT) a safety-critical, dual redundant, open source traffic signal control application is currently being developed. The system named SCOPE, for Signal Control Program Environment, currently implements standard 8-phase NEMA logic and the National Cooperative Highway Research Program 3-66 preemption logic. SCOPE is designed to be part of the Advanced Traffic Controller (ATC), making use of API standard 2.06b to integrate with the hardware. Safety-critical status is achieved through redundancy of application logic that constantly compares expected signal phase information. From baseline requirements, engineers independently program application code, one using Ada95 and the other using C++. The Traffic EXperimental Analytical Simulation Model, a microscopic single-intersection vehicular simulation, was used for initial validation and testing of the functionality of the system. The second demonstration of the SCOPE, used actuated detector data collected from a recording of a live intersection. Actuator calls were placed on SCOPE at the same times the vehicles triggered the detectors in the video (assuming the vehicles were not in-queue). Using SCOPE the real-world traffic was not only right-of-way safely yielded, but the traffic flow state time average time in-queue reduced. The final phase of testing will occur when the DOT performs Formal Qualification Testing, which is scheduled for 2013. Upon validation and subsequent release to the open source community SCOPE will provide users the ability to replace the proprietary application software residing in ATC cabinets. Transparency will be provided into another aspect of the traffic control signal thus taking the initiative of ATC one step further. ii This dissertation is dedicated to my parents for their love and support throughout my education and my life and to my fiancé for her love and support throughout my Ph.D. studies. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................................................................. vii LIST OF TABLES...................................................................................................................................................... ix CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 1 Traffic Control Signal Definition ...................................................................................................................... 1 Need for Traffic Control Signals ....................................................................................................................... 3 CHAPTER TWO: LETRITURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................. 7 Recent Strides for Controller Openness ........................................................................................................... 7 Need for Redundant Traffic Control Signal Software ....................................................................................... 8 Safety Critical Software ................................................................................................................................... 8 Creating Safety Critical Software ..................................................................................................................... 9 N-Version Programming ........................................................................................................................... 9 Recovery Block / Consensus Recovery Block .......................................................................................... 11 Signal Timing ................................................................................................................................................ 12 Definitions and Terminology .................................................................................................................. 12 Ring And Barrier Structure ..................................................................................................................... 15 Actuated Control .................................................................................................................................... 16 Actuated Control Parameters ................................................................................................................. 18 TS2 Cabinets ........................................................................................................................................... 19 Evaluation of Existing Traffic Signal Control Programs ................................................................................... 20 Summary of Criteria ............................................................................................................................... 21 Program 1 - California Partners for Advanced Transit and Highways (PATH) ........................................... 22 Program 2 - ATI Dual Redundant Base Software ..................................................................................... 24 Program 3 - The InSync Adaptive Traffic Signal Controller ...................................................................... 27 Program 4 – MIT Intelligent Transportation System Program (MITSIMLab) ............................................ 27 Program 5 – Software Controller Interface Device (CID) II ...................................................................... 29 Summary of Research Findings (Pros and Cons) ..................................................................................... 30 Software Selection for Phase II ............................................................................................................... 32 CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY ..................................................... 33 Research Objectives And Methodology ......................................................................................................... 33 Research Tasks / Requirements ..................................................................................................................... 35 iv CHAPTER FOUR: SOFTWARE DESIGN ........................................................................................................... 38 Software Description .................................................................................................................................... 38 Ada95/C++ Communication & Synchronization....................................................................................... 39 Preemption Design ................................................................................................................................. 40 ATC Integration ....................................................................................................................................... 41 Interface to Primary Software ....................................................................................................................... 42 Primary / Secondary Command Names and Values ................................................................................ 43 Data sent from the Primary to the Secondary ........................................................................................ 43 Data sent from the Secondary to the Primary ........................................................................................ 57 Data sent from the Primary to the GUI ................................................................................................... 59 Data sent from the GUI to the Primary ................................................................................................... 61 TEXAS Model Interface ........................................................................................................................... 62 CHAPTER FIVE: SOFTWARE TEST ................................................................................................................. 65 Test & Validation Considerations ..................................................................................................................