Guide to Civic Tech & Data Ecosystem Mapping JUNE 2018 Olivia Arena Urban Institute Crystal Li Living Cities Guide to Civic Tech & Data Ecosystem Mapping CONTENTS Introduction to Ecosystem Mapping 03 Key Questions to Ask before Getting Started 05 Decide What Data to Collect 07 Choose a Data-Collection 09 Methodology and Mapping Software Analyze Your Ecosystem Map 11 Appendix A – Ecosystem Mapping Tools Analysis 14 For more information on the Civic Tech & Data Collaborative visit livingcities.org/CTDC 1 Guide to Civic Tech & Data Ecosystem Mapping About the National Partners Living Cities harnesses the collective power of 18 of the world’s largest foundations and financial institutions to develop and scale new approaches for creating opportunities for low-income people, particularly people of color, and improving the cities where they live. Its investments, applied research, networks, and convenings catalyze fresh thinking and combine support for innovative, local approaches with real-time sharing of learning to accelerate adoption in more places. Additional information can be found at www.livingcities.org. The nonprofit Urban Institute is a leading research organization dedicated to developing evidence-based insights that improve people’s lives and strengthen communities. For 50 years, Urban has been the trusted source for rigorous analysis of complex social and economic issues; strategic advice to policy- makers, philanthropists, and practitioners; and new, promising ideas that expand opportunities for all. Our work inspires efective decisions that advance fairness and enhance the well-being of people and places. Coordinated by the Urban Institute, the National Neighborhood Indicators Partnership (NNIP) consists of independent organizations in 32 cities that share mission to help community stakeholders use neighborhood data for better decisionmaking, with a focus on assisting organizations and residents in low- income communities. Code for America is a national nonprofit that believes government can work for the people, by the people, in the 21st century. We organize a network of people who build technology to further local governments’ priorities of creating healthy, prosperous, and safe communities. Our goal: government services that are simple, efective, and easy to use, for everyone. 2 Guide to Civic Tech & Data Ecosystem Mapping I. Introduction to Ecosystem Mapping 3 Guide to Civic Tech & Data Ecosystem Mapping From 2014 to 2018, the Civic Tech and Data CTDC “ecosystems” included interactions Collaborative (CTDC) brought together local between local actors who use or create government ofcials, civic technologists, and data and technology to improve civic life, community data organizations from seven specifically government services and policies communities to explore ways to harness that afect low-income residents. We tasked data and technology to benefit low-income seven local collaboratives—Boston, Cleveland, residents. Three national organizations with Pittsburgh, St. Louis, San Antonio, Seattle/ local networks—Living Cities, Code for America, King County, and Washington, DC—to become and the National Neighborhood Indicators “ecosystem builders” in their communities. To Partnership (NNIP)—guided the initiative. To better understand, support, and leverage these provide real-world examples and lessons for the local connections, the CTDC used ecosystem field, local collaboratives in Boston, St. Louis, mapping, a process that allows people to and Washington, DC, created products that use visualize their network and helps foster an data and technology in new ways to improve understanding of how each organization in the services or programs in their cities. Each community contributed or could contribute to national organization brings its own partnership the collaborative. The culture of trust and new to the table: brigades from Code for America, relationships forged through the CTDC work NNIP from the Urban Institute, and city staf, and ecosystem exercises increased the flow including the Project on Municipal Innovation, of information. from Living Cities. This document provides guidance and examples NNIP organizations, local governments, and from these cities on the value of mapping, Code for America brigades exist in civic tech key questions when getting started, diferent and data ecosystems. Ecosystems are dynamic methods to collect the data, and how to use networks that emerge through connections and analyze ecosystem maps to strengthen between many actors. For our project, the community relationships. 4 Guide to Civic Tech & Data Ecosystem Mapping II. Key Questions to Ask Before Getting Started An ecosystem map will never capture an entire ecosystem; an ecosystem is a dynamic, emergent network of many actors, so the civic tech landscapes continuously shift Envisioning the mapping process as the beginning of a journey, rather than a destination, can inspire new ideas for collaboration or help uncover areas in need of growth. Beginning the process with specific intentions can limit the scope and keep the project focused. Here are some guiding questions to help you get started: 1. What is the purpose? 2. What is the scope of your ecosystem map? Ask yourself, why do you want to map an Determining what information you want to ecosystem? Ecosystem mapping can produce include will help you manage the process and a static, snapshot-in-time map; document your build milestones to show progress, especially network over time; or form new connections if the ecosystem map is a one-time exercise. through the process. Your purpose should guide Is there a subject-matter focus? For example, your methodology. Perhaps you want to identify an ecosystem could be the entire Seattle tech all the potential and current partners in your community or only the groups working in digital city, or maybe you are starting a project and literacy. What is the geographic focus? A clear want to look at how each person or organization and concise intention will pare down and focus is contributing. Perhaps you want to identify the project’s scope. funding sources and available grants. Establishing a clear purpose can direct the budget and timeline for your mapping. It can also keep your scope from expanding or drifting. 5 Guide to Civic Tech & Data Ecosystem Mapping 3. What is your budget and timeline? For the CTDC, we asked each city to create an ecosystem map without being too prescriptive Your budget and timeline will shape your about the purpose or method of data collection process. You will need to budget for materials, because building an ecosystem map can be staf time, activities like a mapping meeting, resource intensive. We provided examples of and paying for a mapping platform or service. maps and allowed the cities to decide how they In determining your logistical parameters, map wanted to explore ecosystem mapping. outward from your organization. Beginning with your staf or organization helps identify Pittsburgh leveraged the collective knowledge networks and inventory relationships. For from its Civic Roundtable members and organizations working with a limited time mapped all the tech, data, and government frame or budget, beginning the mapping organizations in its ecosystem through in- process internally ofers greater control over person activities. San Antonio mapped the the timeline and scope. The more extensive people and organizations that attended and collaborative option is to work with the inaugural Alamo Regional Data Alliance outside partners. Convening a group to conference. These two cities had diferent gather information about your ecosystem or scopes for their maps, which changed the administering a survey to collect information maps’ complexity and use. on networks can reveal new opportunities for funding or partnerships. This strategy might That is not to say that the purpose cannot be more expensive and time consuming but change. After the end of the grant, the San can result in richer information about the Antonio team decided that the mapping people and organizations in your ecosystem. process would be valuable going forward. Additionally, the mapping process can Their purpose changed from a map showing be a great opportunity for outreach and partners in one instance in time to a map that communication with new or potential partners. allowed them to add more organization to their ecosystem through crowdsourcing data collection. 6 Guide to Civic Tech & Data Ecosystem Mapping III. Decide What Data to Collect The possibilities of mapping can be daunting, but creating intentions and guidelines for your mapping makes the process manageable. Once you have outlined a goal and determined your scope, you can gather information. Depending on your purpose, some data may be more useful than others. Number of funders or grant amounts might be important to include if your purpose is to identify potential funding streams. Alternatively, if you are looking to use the map to form a new collaborative, you should include organizations’ numbers of staf, missions, or existing relationships. The two main components of a network ecosystem map are the actors and the connections between actors. Actors are generally represented by nodes, while connections are edges or lines. Government Funding streams Individuals Social connections Funders Events NGO's Projects Actors Nonprofits Connections Organizational Partnerships Corporations Locations Hackers Resources Organizers/Activists Data intermediaries Libraries To begin, think about the partnerships and