SHRI VISHNU ENGINEERING COLLEGE FOR WOMEN::BHIMAVARAM (Autonomous) Electronics & Communication Engineering REPORT ON INDUSTRIAL VISIT The department of ECE had organized an industrial visit to Visakhapatnam. It was a long trip of four days. The trip covered Visakhapatnam steel plant, All India Radio, Weather forecasting Station located at Kailasagiri and AM transmitters in the city outskirts. I along with 145 students headed by 10 faculty started our journey from our college to Vizag on 25-09-2015 at around 11:00 P.M. We reached Vizag by next day i.e., on 26-09-2015 at around 4:30 A.M. From then our trip longed for 4 days. DAY-1: We all got ready and after having our breakfast we headed towards Visakhapatnam steel plant. Visakhapatnam Steel Plant, popularly known as Vizag Steel, is the most advanced steel producer in India with the help of German and Soviet technology. Its products have been rated the best in the world market. The company has grown from a loss-making industry to 3-billion- dollar turnover company registering a growth of 203.6% in just four years. It has a great infrastructure which covers Coke Ovens and Coal Chemical Plant Sinter plant, Blast furnace, Steel Melt Shop and Continuous Casting, Light and Medium Merchant Mill, Medium Merchant and Structural Mill, Wire rod mill, Steel melt shop, THERMAL power plant. We covered Coke Ovens and Coal Chemical Plant, Blast furnace, Light and Medium Merchant Mill and Wire rod mill. Mean while we had our lunch in the steel plant. By the time we completed our visit to steel plant the clock struck 5:30 P.M. in the evening. From there we visited INS Kursura (S20) sub-marine who was was preserved as a museum for public access in Rama Krishna beach . She was a Kalvari-class diesel-electric submarine of the Indian Navy. She was India's fourth submarine. Kursura was commissioned on 18 December 1969 and was decommissioned on 27 February 2001 after 31 years of service. She participated in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, where she played a key role in patrol missions. She later participated in naval exercises with other nations and made many goodwill visits to other countries. We also went around a museum which is located very near to R.K beach. From there we went to CMR central and spent about 1 hour. Finally we reached our hotel around 9:30. We had our dinner and went to our respective beds. DAY-2: Our second day started by a train journey heading towards Borra Caves by train. The whole journey is so exciting. Before one KM from Borra caves at Gatevalsa you will be stopped by Jeep drivers offering you a trip to Katiki water fall. This water fall is nearly 7 KM from this point. You need to change your vehicle as rugged Jeep is required to cover the narrow muddy road passing through Jungle and by the side of Gosthani river. Jeep will take you upto the railway track nearly 6 KM from Gatevalsa point and from here you have to trek half KM and climb up after crossing the railway track. Your Jeep driver will tell you to return within one and half hour from the dropping point. The last 15 minutes of the trek upto the base of the waterfall is stiff climbing. Steps are there upto the water fall for safe climbing. Chicken Kabab prepared by using bamboo sticks is the famous food here. After having our lunch we went to Borra Caves. It is a naturally formed cave believed to be 150 million years old. The Humic acid in the water reacts with the Calcium Carbonate in the lime stone and dissolves the minerals breaking the rock gradually. After our long trip to Borra caves we reached our hotel and had dinner. DAY-3: On the third day of our journey, we are divided into two batches of which one batch visited All India Radio, AM transmitters and the other visited weather fore-casting centre, Kailasagiri. I was one from the second batch and so we first visited Cyclone warning center. India Meteorological Department is one of the oldest organizations in our country. The meteorological observatory was established in the year 1870 at Visakhapatnam, is one of the oldest observatories on the east coast of India taking surface meteorological observations. Pilot balloon observatory was added afterwards. Pilot Balloon observatory was shifted from Airport to Andhra university campus during 1949-1950 and Fan type Radiosonde system, Radiation unit and Metax Radio Theodolite units were also started during the same period in university campus. Seismological unit was established in 1961 in Andhra university campus. Metax Theodolite was replaced by a Salenia Radar to take upper air observations. After our lunch we headed towards Doppler Weather Radar Station at the hilltop of Kailasagiri. There we saw how a Doppler Radar is used to locate precipitation, calculate its motion, and estimate its type (rain, snow, hail etc.).We also saw the park that was developed by Visakhapatnam Urban Development Authority (VUDA) comprising 380 acres (150 ha) of land covered with flora and tropical trees. The hill, at 360 feet (110 m), overlooks beaches, forests, and the city of Visakhapatnam. On our way to hotel we also visited an exhibition. DAY-4 : On our last day of our visit we first started towards All India Radio Station and saw all the places and mechanisms how AM and FM waves are being transmitted. AIR is 25 KMs away from the city is a transmitting center for recording and transmission purposes. The PRASAR BHARATHI in vizag is a relay station. This station gets its uplink from main station located in HYDERABAD. These DD kendras generates and uplinks the signal from earth station. In relay centers the mode of transmission is TERRISTRIAL transmission. This relay center receives the uplink from Hyderabad then amplifies the signal and retransmits it, this is the main function of the relay station. The station uses two transmitters one for DD news and other for DD national. We saw few components of transmission like Parabolic Dish Antenna, Receiver and decode, Distribution Amplifier, Up Converter, Audio Power Amplifier, Video Power Amplifier, RF Combiner, Transmitting antenna. The parabolic dish antenna receives the signal from the uplink , to the frequency to which it is tuned. Since the signals we transmit are in digital form i.e., they contain discrete, they are received and decoded using decoder. After checking for errors and removing all parity bits, the signal is then passed to next stage called Distribution Amplifier(DA). In this stage, the signal is strengthened and passed on to the next stage. Finally the output of this is then fed to transmitter for transmission.The transmitter is generally has a height of 150mts. After the visit we reached our hotel and started back to Bhimavaram. We reached Bhimavaram on 30-09-2015 around 5:30 A.M. .