034-2349_Cvr 9/12/03 7:28 AM Page 1 Mac OS X Server Mail Service Administration For Version 10.3 or Later LL2349.Book Page 2 Friday, August 22, 2003 2:47 PM KApple Computer, Inc. © 2003 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved. The owner or authorized user of a valid copy of Mac OS X Server software may reproduce this publication for the purpose of learning to use such software. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted for commercial purposes, such as selling copies of this publication or for providing paid for support services. The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. Use of the “keyboard” Apple logo (Option-Shift-K) for commercial purposes without the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair competition in violation of federal and state laws. 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UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and other countries, licensed exclusively through X/Open Company, Ltd. 034-2349/8/22/03 LL2349.Book Page 3 Friday, August 22, 2003 2:47 PM 1 Contents Preface 7 How to Use This Guide 7 What’s Included in This Guide 7 Using This Guide 7 Setting Up Mac OS X Server for the First Time 8 Getting Help for Everyday Management Tasks 8 Getting Additional Information Chapter 1 9 Mail Service Setup 10 Mail Service Protocols 10 Outgoing Mail 10 Incoming Mail 11 User Interaction With Mail Service 12 Where Mail Is Stored 12 Outgoing Mail Location 12 Incoming Mail Location 12 Maximum Number of Mail Messages per Volume 13 What Mail Service Doesn’t Do 13 Using Network Services With Mail Service 14 Configuring DNS for Mail Service 14 How Mail Service Uses SSL 15 Enabling Secure Mail Transport With SSL 15 Before You Begin 15 How User Account Settings Affect Mail Service 16 Moving Mail Messages From Apple Mail Server to Mac OS X Server Version 10.3 16 Overview of Mail Service Tools 16 Setup Overview 19 Configuring Incoming Mail Service 19 Enabling Secure POP Authentication 19 Enabling Less Secure Authentication for POP 20 Configuring SSL Transport for POP Connections 20 Enabling Secure IMAP Authentication 21 Enabling Less Secure IMAP Authentication 21 Controlling the Number of IMAP Connections 3 LL2349.Book Page 4 Friday, August 22, 2003 2:47 PM 21 Configuring SSL Transport for IMAP Connections 22 Configuring Outgoing Mail Service 22 Enabling Secure SMTP Authentication 23 Enabling Less Secure SMTP Authentication 23 Configuring SSL Transport for SMTP Connections 24 Relaying SMTP Mail Through Another Server 24 Supporting Mail Users 24 Configuring Mail Settings for User Accounts 25 Configuring Email Client Software 26 Creating an Administration Account 26 Creating Additional Email Addresses for a User 27 Setting Up Forwarding Email Addresses for a User 28 Adding or Removing Virtual Domains 29 Limiting Junk Mail 29 Requiring SMTP Authentication 30 Restricting SMTP Relay 31 Rejecting SMTP Connections From Specific Servers 31 Rejecting Mail From Blacklisted Senders 32 Filtering SMTP Connections Chapter 2 33 Mail Service Maintenance 33 Starting and Stopping Mail Service 34 Reloading Mail Service 34 Changing Protocol Settings for Incoming Mail Service 34 Improving Performance 35 Working With the Mail Store and Database 35 Repairing the Mail Store Database 36 Converting the Mail Store and Database From an Earlier Version 36 Using Amsmailtool 37 Specifying the Location for the Mail Database and Mail Store 37 Backing Up and Restoring Mail Messages 38 Monitoring Mail Messages and Folders 38 Allowing Administrator Access to the Mail Folders 39 Saving Mail Messages for Monitoring and Archival Purposes 39 Monitoring Mail Service 40 Viewing Overall Mail Service Activity 40 Viewing the Mail Connections List 40 Viewing Mail Accounts 40 Viewing Mail Service Logs 41 Setting Mail Service Log Detail Level 41 Archiving Mail Service Logs by Schedule 41 Reclaiming Disk Space Used by Mail Service Log archives 42 Dealing With a Full Disk 4 Contents LL2349.Book Page 5 Friday, August 22, 2003 2:47 PM 42 Working With Undeliverable Mail 42 Forwarding Undeliverable Incoming Mail 43 Where to Find More Information 43 Books 43 Internet Chapter 3 45 Mailing Lists 45 Setting Up a List 45 Enabling Mailing Lists 46 Defining a List Name 46 Adding a Subscriber 47 Changing a List 47 Adding a Subscriber to an Existing List 47 Removing a List Subscriber 48 Changing Subscriber Posting Privileges 48 Suspending a Subscriber 49 Administering Lists 49 Designating a List Administrator 49 Where to Find More Information Glossary 51 Index 55 Contents 5 LL2349.Book Page 6 Friday, August 22, 2003 2:47 PM LL2349.Book Page 7 Friday, August 22, 2003 2:47 PM How to Use This Guide Preface What’s Included in This Guide This guide explains how to administer Mac OS X Server mail services. Using This Guide The first chapter provides an overview of how the mail service works, what it can do for you, strategies for using it, how to set it up for the first time, and how to administer it over time. Also take a look at any chapter that describes a service with which you’re unfamiliar. You may find that some of the services you haven’t used before can help you run your network more efficiently and improve performance for your users. Most chapters end with a section called “Where to Find More Information.” This section points you to web sites and other reference material containing more information about the service. Setting Up Mac OS X Server for the First Time If you haven’t installed and set up Mac OS X Server, do so now. • Refer to Mac OS X Server Getting Started For Version 10.3 or Later, the document that came with your software, for instructions on server installation and setup. For many environments, this document provides all the information you need to get your server up, running, and available for initial use. • Read specific sections to learn how to continue setting up individual features of mail service. Pay particular attention to the information in these sections: “Setup Overview,” “Before You Begin,” and “Setting Up for the First Time.” 7 LL2349.Book Page 8 Friday, August 22, 2003 2:47 PM Getting Help for Everyday Management Tasks If you want to change settings, monitor services, view service logs, or do any other day- to-day administration task, you can find step-by-step procedures by using the on- screen help available with server administration programs. While all the administration tasks are also documented in the second chapter of this guide, sometimes it’s more convenient to retrieve information in on-screen help form while using your server. Getting Additional Information In addition to this document, you’ll find information about Mac OS X Server in: • Mac OS X Server Getting Started For Version 10.3 or Later, which tells you how to install and set up your server initially • Mac OS X Server Migration to Version 10.3 or Later, which provides instructions for migrating data to Mac OS X Server from existing Macintosh computers • on-screen help on your server • Read Me files on your server CD • and at www.apple.com/server 8 Preface How to Use This Guide LL2349.Book Page 9 Friday, August 22, 2003 2:47 PM 1 Mail Service Setup 1 Mail service in Mac OS X Server allows network users to send and receive email over your network or across the Internet. Mail service sends and receives email using the standard Internet mail protocols: Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), Post Office Protocol (POP), and Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP). Mail service also uses a Domain Name System (DNS) service to determine the destination IP address of outgoing mail. This chapter begins with a look at the standard protocols used for sending and receiving email. Then it explains how mail service works, summarizes the aspects of mail service setup, and tells you how to: • Set up mail service for incoming and outgoing mail • Support mail users • Limit junk mail [email protected] The Internet [email protected] Out Out In In Mail server for school.edu Mail server for example.com 9 LL2349.Book Page 10 Friday, August 22, 2003 2:47 PM Mail Service Protocols A standard mail client setup uses SMTP to send outgoing email and POP and IMAP to receive incoming email. Mac OS X Server includes an SMTP service and a combined POP and IMAP service. You may find it helpful to take a closer look at the three email protocols. Outgoing Mail Outgoing mail service is the means by which your users can send mail out to the Internet. Subject to restrictions that you control, the SMTP service also transfers mail to and from mail service on other servers. If your mail users send messages to another Internet domain, your SMTP service delivers the outgoing messages to the other domain’s mail service. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) SMTP is a protocol used to send and transfer mail.