THE LONG-RANGE PLAN FOR THE GREATER PHILADELPHIA REGION The Delaware Valley Regional Planning The symbol in our logo is adapted from the official DVRPC seal and is designed as a stylized image of the Delaware Commission is dedicated to uniting the Valley. The outer ring symbolizes the region as a whole, = region s elected officials, planning while the diagonal bar signifies the Delaware River. The professionals and the public with a two adjoining crescents represent the Commonwealth of common vision of making a great region Pennsylvania and the State of New Jersey. even greater. Shaping the way we live, DVRPC is funded by a variety of funding sources including work and play, DVRPC builds consensus federal grants from the U.S. Department of Transportation=s on improving transportation, promoting Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and Federal Transit Administration (FTA), the Pennsylvania and New smart growth, protecting the environment Jersey departments of transportation, as well as by and enhancing the economy. We serve DVRPC=s state and local member governments. The a diverse region of nine counties: Bucks, authors, however, are solely responsible for the findings Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, and and conclusions herein, which may not represent the official views or policies of the funding agencies. Philadelphia in Pennsylvania; and Burlington, Camden, Gloucester, and DVRPC fully complies with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of Mercer in New Jersey. DVRPC is the 1964 and related statutes and regulations in all programs and activities. DVRPC=s website may be translated into federally designated Metropolitan Spanish, Russian and Traditional Chinese online by visiting Planning Organization for the Greater www.dvrpc.org. Publications and other public documents Philadelphia Region - leading the way to can be made available in alternative languages and a better future. formats, if requested. For more information, please call (215) 238-2871. Table of Contents Executive Summary........................................................................ 1 Goal: Increase Local Food Production and Distribution ..................47 CHAPTER 1 Goal: Preserve Historic Resources and Cultural Landscapes.........49 Introduction..................................................................................... 3 Historic and Cultural Resources......................................................49 What is the DVRPC?.......................................................................3 National Heritage Areas..................................................................50 What is the Connections Plan? .....................................................4 Scenic Byways................................................................................50 Stakeholder and Public Outreach .................................................5 Transportation Impacts on Historic and Cultural Resources ...........52 Environmental Justice ...................................................................6 Historic Preservation Efforts............................................................52 CHAPTER 2 Principle: Develop Livable Communities.................................. 53 Trends and Forces.......................................................................... 9 Goal: Invest in Centers ...................................................................56 Population .......................................................................................9 Goal: Promote Affordable and Accessible Housing ........................61 Employment ..................................................................................13 Goal: Enhance Community Design .................................................62 Land Use .......................................................................................15 Goal: Promote Community Green Infrastructure.............................64 The Environment ..........................................................................18 Principle: Build an Energy-Efficient Economy.......................... 67 Economic Competitiveness.........................................................23 Goal: Support and Promote the Growth of Key Economic Sectors............................................................................................68 Transportation ..............................................................................26 Goal: Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions ....................................70 CHAPTER 3 Principle: Establish a Modern, Multimodal Creating a Vision for the Future .................................................. 29 Transportation System................................................................ 73 Tracking Progress ........................................................................29 Goal: Rebuild and Maintain the Region’s Transportation Regional What-if Scenarios .........................................................29 Infrastructure...................................................................................75 The Choice for a Better Future ....................................................35 Goal: Ensure Adequate Funding.....................................................75 A Vision for the Future .................................................................35 Goal: Ensure Transportation Investments Support Long-Range Plan Goals ......................................................................................75 CHAPTER 4 Goal: Create a Safer Transportation System ..................................76 Key Plan Principles ......................................................................37 Goal: Create a More Secure Transportation System ......................76 Principle: Manage Growth and Protect Resources....................37 Goal: Increase Mobility and Accessibility ........................................77 Goal: Manage Growth and Preserve Open Space ........................ .38 Goal: Reduce Congestion...............................................................77 Land Use Plan ................................................................................39 Goal: Limit Transportation Impacts on the Natural Environment.....78 Greenspace Network ..................................................................... .41 Transportation Operations ..............................................................78 Rural Conservation Lands and Conservation Focus Areas ........... .41 Transportation Modes .....................................................................81 Goal: Manage Stormwater and Improve Water Quality .................. 45 Highway ..........................................................................................81 Goal: Improve Air Quality................................................................ 46 Transit.............................................................................................85 Bicycle and Pedestrian....................................................................87 CHAPTER 6 Freight.............................................................................................90 Closing the Funding Gap........................................................... 119 Aviation ...........................................................................................93 The Vision ................................................................................... 120 CHAPTER 5 Federal Funding Outlook........................................................... 121 Financial Plan and Transportation Investments.........................97 State Funding Outlook............................................................... 121 Revenue Assumptions and Estimates ....................................... 98 Local Funding Outlook .............................................................. 122 Revenue Assumptions ....................................................................98 Project Right-Sizing...................................................................... 123 Federal Funding..............................................................................98 Local Funding Options .............................................................. 125 New Starts and Small Starts Funding .............................................98 Bonds ........................................................................................... 125 State Funding..................................................................................99 Taxes and Fees............................................................................ 126 Local Funding..................................................................................99 Tolling........................................................................................... 129 Authority and Other Funding .........................................................100 Public-Private Partnerships .......................................................... 129 Estimated Revenue for the Connections Plan...............................100 Call for Action............................................................................. 131 Transportation Needs Assessment .......................................... 101 CHAPTER 7 Pennsylvania Subregion Total Assessed Transportation Need ....103 Implementation........................................................................... 133 New Jersey Subregion Total Assessed Transportation Need .......105 DVRPC Efforts ............................................................................ 134 Allocating Plan