Republic of Botswana BOTSWANA WATER ACCOUNTING REPORT 2015 June 2015 Botswana Water Accounting Report 2015 Contents List of Tables ........................................................................................................................................... 4 List of Figures .......................................................................................................................................... 5 List of Maps ............................................................................................................................................. 5 List of Boxes ............................................................................................................................................ 5 Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................................... 6 Executive summary ................................................................................................................................. 7 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 11 1.1 Background to the report ..................................................................................................... 11 1.2 SEEA framework .................................................................................................................... 12 2 Water Resources Management in Botswana ............................................................................... 15 2.1 Water resource issues ........................................................................................................... 15 2.2 Water resource policy environment ..................................................................................... 15 2.2.1 Water sector reforms (WSR) ......................................................................................... 15 2.2.2 Botswana IWRM and Water Efficiency plan ................................................................. 19 2.2.3 Draft National Water Policy .......................................................................................... 20 2.3 DWA plans for the future ...................................................................................................... 21 3 Methodology ................................................................................................................................. 23 3.1 Data needs and availability ................................................................................................... 23 3.2 Assumptions for account construction ................................................................................. 27 4 Stock accounts .............................................................................................................................. 29 4.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 29 4.2 Review of data requirements and availability ...................................................................... 29 5 Up-dated physical supply and use accounts 2010-11 to 2013-14 ................................................ 33 5.1 Physical water use and supply accounts ............................................................................... 33 5.2 The mining sector: water supply and use assessment ......................................................... 38 6 Regional water supply and use ..................................................................................................... 42 6.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 42 6.2 North South Carrier and water imports ................................................................................ 42 6.3 Water abstraction and distribution by MC ........................................................................... 43 6.4 Water abstraction by source ................................................................................................. 45 6.5 Concluding remarks .............................................................................................................. 46 7 Monetary aspects of water accounts ........................................................................................... 48 2 | P a g e Botswana Water Accounting Report 2015 7.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 48 7.2 Costs of water supply and water revenues ........................................................................... 48 7.3 Water use efficiency ............................................................................................................. 52 7.3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 52 7.3.1 Value added generation ................................................................................................ 52 7.3.2 Employment creation .................................................................................................... 54 7.4 Financial water losses and water subsidies .......................................................................... 55 7.5 Concluding remarks .............................................................................................................. 57 8 Trend analysis ............................................................................................................................... 58 8.1 Water supply and use trends 1990 - 2013 ............................................................................ 58 9 Water resources policy indicators ................................................................................................ 62 9.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 62 9.2 Policy indicators for the new Sustainable Development Goals ............................................ 64 9.3 Policy indicators for 2010-2014 ............................................................................................ 65 9.3.1 Water resources availability ......................................................................................... 65 9.3.2 Water use for human activities ..................................................................................... 66 9.3.3 Water costs, pricing and incentives for water conservation ........................................ 68 9.3.4 Water use efficiency indicators..................................................................................... 69 10 Water accounting institutional capacity and setup .................................................................. 71 10.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 71 10.2 Post WSR DWA ...................................................................................................................... 71 10.3 Data collection structure ...................................................................................................... 73 10.5 Work plan for future Water Accounting activities ................................................................ 75 References ............................................................................................................................................ 76 Appendix 1: Physical water supply and use tables 2010-11 and 2011-12 (in thousand m3) ................ 77 Appendix 2: Template for data requirements from stakeholders ........................................................ 80 A2.1 Mines..................................................................................................................................... 80 A2.2 WUC ...................................................................................................................................... 80 A2.3 Irrigation farmers .................................................................................................................. 81 Appendix 3: Possible policy indicators derived from water accounts .................................................. 82 3 | P a g e Botswana Water Accounting Report 2015 List of Tables Table 1: Important SEEA terminology ................................................................................................... 14 Table 2: WUC Business areas and Management centres and their linkages ........................................ 16 Table 3: Main outputs of Botswana’s WSR process.............................................................................. 19 Table 4: Strategic areas and objectives of the IWRM & WE Plan ......................................................... 20 Table 5: WUC's customer categories .................................................................................................... 24 Table 6: Capacity and safe yields for WUC dams ................................................................................. 30 Table 7: Annual water abstraction from dams as % of opening volume .............................................. 32 Table 8: SEEA physical supply and use table 2012/13 (in Mm3) .......................................................... 35 Table 9: Physical Supply and Use Table 2013/14