12 Boosting the potential of Key Enabling Technologies Addressing Skills Needs in Europe Acknowledgements The results produced by the “Vision and Sectoral Pilot on Skills for Key Enabling Technologies” are the fruits of sustained collaborative efforts with a wide range of experts and organisations. The KETs Skills Initiative has been commissioned to PwC Europe by the European Commission, Directorate General - Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs. First of all, we would like to express our gratitude to our contact point Mr. André Richier, Principal Administrator, Unit GROW-F3, KETs, Digital Manufacturing and Interoperability, for his continuous guidance and feedback. We highly appreciate the contribution of our Steering Committee members: Dr. Bernd Dworschak (Fraunhofer IAO), Carlos Freixas (Roche), Dr. Luisa Tondelli (National Disclaimer Research Council of Italy - CNR), Prof. Rudy Lauwereins The information and views set out in this report are (IMEC Academy), and Prof. Steve Bradley (Lancaster those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the University). The KETs Skills Initiative built on the official opinion of the Commission. The Commission does work of the High-Level Expert Group on Key Enabling not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this Technologies and their recommendations on skills. study. Neither the Commission nor any person acting on We would like to especially thank Prof. em. Roger De the Commission’s behalf may be held responsible for the Keersmaecker (IMEC, Co-chair of Working Group on use which may be made of the information contained KETs skills and education) for his invaluable support therein. throughout the study. © European Commission, 2016. We are also highly grateful to all the stakeholders Reproduction is authorised provided the source is including policy makers, and the representatives of acknowledged. industry, academia, industry associations and other supporting organisations, for their valuable suggestions and inputs. These inputs were provided to us by means Imprint of a series of interactive workshops, as well as regular This brochure has been prepared by PwC EU Services on email and phone communication. We would like to behalf of the European Commission, Directorate General - especially acknowledge the support of European Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs (DG Association of the Machine Tool Industries (CECIMO), the GROW). It is a publication of the KETs Skills Initiative under European Factories of the Future Research Association the service contract “Vision and Sectoral Pilot on Skills (EFFRA), the European Photonics Industry Consotium for Key Enabling Technologies” (service contract nr. SI2. (EPIC), and the European Trade Union Association ACPROCE060233200). industriALL. Our special thanks goes to the local hosts of the sectoral pilot workshops – Silicon Saxony in Germany, the GIANT innovation campus in France, as Editors and co-authors well as Renishaw and the National Microelectronics Dr. Kristina Dervojeda (PwC), Anton Koonstra (PwC), Institute (NMI) in the United Kingdom. Mark Lengton (PwC), Diederik Verzijl (PwC), Elco Rouwmaat (PwC). Finally, our acknowledgements also go to all the speakers, panellists and participants of the European Design & Layout Conference on Digital and Key Enabling Technologies ECO Digital Publishing Skills that took place in Brussels on 1-2 June 2015. Printed in the Netherlands 2 Foreword Photo© European Union/Gino De Laurenzo Union/Gino European Photo© Smart phones, electric vehicles, 3D printing, bioplastics and connected machines - for all of this, we need key That is why the Commission is working together with the enabling technologies (KETs). Advanced manufacturing Member States and industry to create better framework and materials, industrial biotechnology, semiconductors conditions for investment in KETs. We are also working and photonics are crucial for Europe and for triggering to facilitate access to technology centres for companies innovation in processes, products and services. They are in order to help them to speed up the commercialisation key drivers for growth, jobs and societal benefits. of their ideas and research. Products strongly dependent on these technologies For European industry to compete and flourish, we must represent a production volume of almost 1 trillion EUR, also ensure that we have a workforce with the right or 19% of the total production of all EU countries. skills. This document provides a summary of the state Altogether they enable 3.3 million European jobs or of play of KETs in Europe and their skills requirements 11% of all EU employment related to manufacturing. as well as concrete examples of best practices and KETs are crucial to secure a robust industrial base for recommendations. Estimates show that between 2013 Europe. Their growth potential offers huge opportunities and 2025, Europe will need between 1 million and 3 for businesses and new services to consumers. If our million new highly skilled professionals to satisfy new companies can seize them, this will mean more jobs for demand stemming from KETs deployment. It is a huge our citizens. opportunity we cannot miss. However, still too few European companies are embracing new opportunities offered by KETs. Europe is Enjoy the reading! not investing enough in these technologies. Competition is fierce and Asia is moving into markets for products and services with high value-added where traditionally Lowri Evans Europe has been dominant. Director General DG Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs European Commission 3 Key Enabling Technologies – the engine of a sustainable 6 KETs identified by the European Commission2 knowledge-based economy Key Enabling Technologies (hereafter “KETs”) are the • Advanced Manufacturing Technologies: including technologies that enable process, goods and service innovative technologies, such as 3D printing, innovation throughout the economy. KETs currently robotics, automation, modern machine tools, include Micro-/Nanoelectronics, Nanotechnology, measuring/control/testing devices for machines, Photonics, Advanced Materials, Industrial Biotechnology automated and IT-based manufacturing, aiming to and Advanced Manufacturing Technologies. These advance products or processes3, for example, by technologies are knowledge-intensive and associated improving material and energy efficiency. with high R&D intensity, rapid innovation cycles, high capital expenditure and highly skilled employment. • Industrial Biotechnology: including enzymes, micro-organisms, amino acids and fermentation KETs have the potential for application in virtually processes; excluding biotechnology for healthcare all sectors and industries, including aeronautics, and agriculture. Industrial biotechnology is used for automotive, engineering, chemicals, textiles, space, products such as bio-fuels, detergents, materials construction, healthcare and agriculture. KETs are the including plastics, rubber tyres, and chemical ‘technology building blocks’ behind a wide range of building blocks. innovations, such as 3D printers, LED lighting, advanced robotics, bio-based products, smart phones, nanodrugs, • Nanotechnology: dealing with methods to smart textiles and many more. Products strongly manufacture structures on a molecular or dependent on KETs-components represent 19% of all EU atomic scale. Examples of applications include 28 production, and KETs account for 3.3 million jobs in nanomedicine for improved healthcare, as well 20131. as carbon nanotubes for lighter materials and for higher conductivity and improved energy KETs drive both the development of entirely new management. industries and the transformation of the existing industrial base in Europe. KETs have the potential • Advanced Materials: covering a broad area to modernise manufacturing processes by reducing of innovation in materials such as lightweight production costs, raw materials and energy consumption materials, low-carbon material energy solutions as well as tackling waste and pollution. The nations and other, including polymers, macromolecular and regions mastering KETs will be at the forefront of compounds, rubber, metals, glass, ceramics, managing the shift to a sustainable knowledge-based other non-metallic materials and fibers, as well economy. To this end, in 2012, the European Commission as the whole field of nanomaterials and specialty adopted a strategy to boost the industrial uptake of materials for electric or magnetic applications. KETs in Europe. • Micro-/Nanoelectronics: related to smallest and smartest of electronic components and systems that interact with each other. Examples include semiconductors, advanced sensors, power components, piezo-electrics and electronic chips. • Photonics: related to optical technology applications in the areas of lasers, optical fibers, lithography, optical measurement systems, microscopes, lenses, optical communication, digital photography, LED and OLED lighting, cameras in phones, displays and solar cells. 1 KETs Observatory Second Report, November 2015. More information at https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/kets-tools/library 2 Communication of the European Commission “Preparing for our future: Developing a common strategy for key enabling technologies in the EU”, COM(2009) 512 final, Brussels, 30.09.2009. 3 Advanced digital technologies (such as Internet of Things, Big Data analytics, cloud and high performance computing) are often also considered as 4 advanced manufacturing technologies