US Joint Helicopter Safety Analysis Team: Year 2000 Report to the U.S. Joint Helicopter Safety Analysis Team: Year 2000 Report Summary Table of Contents Section 1 – Executive Summary ..........................................................................................................................1 Section 2 – Background.......................................................................................................................................2 Section 3 – International Helicopter Safety Team Overview ..............................................................................6 Section 4 – JHSAT Process ...............................................................................................................................10 Section 5 – Metrics ............................................................................................................................................12 5.1 80 Percent Accident Rate Reduction Goal .........................................................................................12 5.2 IHST Goal Setting ..............................................................................................................................12 5.3 Metrics Calculation.............................................................................................................................13 5.4 Flight Hour Exposure .........................................................................................................................13 Section 6 – General Results ...............................................................................................................................17 6.1 Factual Information ............................................................................................................................17 6.1.1 Mission Environment.................................................................................................................17 6.1.2 Phase of Flight ...........................................................................................................................20 6.1.3 Pilot Hour Demographics...........................................................................................................21 6.1.4 Helicopter Demographics ..........................................................................................................23 6.1.5 Accident Severity.......................................................................................................................24 6.2 Full Accident Set Analysis Results.....................................................................................................26 6.2.1 Pilot Judgment and Action.........................................................................................................32 6.2.2 Data Issues .................................................................................................................................37 6.2.3 Safety Management....................................................................................................................38 6.2.4 Ground Duties............................................................................................................................40 6.2.5 Pilot Situation Awareness ..........................................................................................................41 6.2.6 Part / System ..............................................................................................................................41 6.2.7 Maintenance...............................................................................................................................42 6.2.8 Post-Crash Survivability ............................................................................................................43 6.2.9 Mission Risk ..............................................................................................................................44 6.2.10 Communications ........................................................................................................................44 6.2.11 Regulatory..................................................................................................................................45 6.2.12 Systems & Equipment................................................................................................................46 6.2.13 Infrastructure..............................................................................................................................46 6.3 Mission Specific Results.....................................................................................................................46 6.3.1 Mission Specific Findings – Instructional / Training.................................................................48 6.3.2 Mission Specific Findings – Personal / Private..........................................................................57 6.3.3 Mission Specific Findings – Aerial Application........................................................................61 6.3.4 Mission Specific Findings – Emergency Medical Services (EMS) ...........................................68 6.3.5 Mission Specific Findings – Commercial..................................................................................73 6.3.6 Mission Specific Findings – Law Enforcement .........................................................................77 6.3.7 Mission Specific Findings – Offshore........................................................................................82 6.3.8 Mission Specific Findings – Business / Company-Owned Aircraft ..........................................86 6.3.9 Mission Specific Findings – Aerial Observation / Patrol...........................................................90 6.3.10 Mission Specific Findings – Air Tour and Sightseeing .............................................................94 6.3.11 Mission Specific Findings – Electronic News Gathering (ENG) ............................................100 6.3.12 Mission Specific Findings – External Load.............................................................................104 6.3.13 Mission Specific Findings – Logging ......................................................................................108 6.3.14 Mission Specific Findings – Firefighting.................................................................................112 6.3.15 Mission Specific Findings – Utilities Patrol and Construction................................................116 Section 7 – Fleet-Wide Safety Recommendations...........................................................................................121 7.1 Safety Management Recommendations............................................................................................122 7.2 Training Recommendations..............................................................................................................124 7.3 Systems and Equipment Recommendations.....................................................................................125 7.4 Information Recommendations.........................................................................................................126 i U.S. Joint Helicopter Safety Analysis Team: Year 2000 Report 7.5 Maintenance Recommendations.......................................................................................................126 7.6 Regulatory Recommendations..........................................................................................................127 7.7 Infrastructure Recommendations......................................................................................................127 7.8 Mission Specific Recommendations.................................................................................................128 7.8.1 Instructional / Training Recommendations..............................................................................128 7.8.2 Personal / Private Recommendations.......................................................................................130 7.8.3 Aerial Application Recommendations .....................................................................................130 7.8.4 Emergency Medical Services Recommendations ....................................................................131 7.8.5 Commercial Recommendations ...............................................................................................132 7.8.6 Law Enforcement Recommendations ......................................................................................132 7.8.7 Offshore Recommendations.....................................................................................................133 7.8.8 Business / Company-Owned Aircraft Recommendations........................................................133 7.8.9 Aerial Observation / Patrol Recommendations........................................................................134 7.8.10 Air Tour and Sightseeing Recommendations ..........................................................................134 7.8.11 Electronic News Gathering Recommendations .......................................................................135 7.8.12 External Load Recommendations ............................................................................................135 7.8.13 Logging Recommendations .....................................................................................................136 7.8.14 Firefighting Recommendations................................................................................................136