JPRS 69191 3 June 1977 TRANSLATIONS ON LATIN AMERICA No. 1658 SELECTIONS FROM ESTRATEGIA No. 43-44/ NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 1976., »-••■•.••fii'-.'i/.':;;'.'. j JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1977 !»'',Ti • •. .i <•••.•• :• • ••.. -. •• DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A Approved for Public Release Distribution Unlimited 20000215 132 U. S. JOINT PUBLICATIONS RESEARCH SERVICE REPRODUCED BY NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE U S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161 ASS; NOTE JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency- transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language sources are translated; those from English-language sources are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and other characteristics retained. Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets [] are supplied by JPRS. 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Report Date TRANSLATIONS ON LATIN AMERICA, No.1658 Selections From 3 June 1977 ESTRATEGIA No. 43-44, November-December 19 76, January-February 19 77 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Rcpt. No. 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Project/Task/Work Unit No. Joint Publications Research Service 1000 North Glebe Road 11. Contract/Grant No. Arlington, Virginia 22201 12. Sponsoring Organization Name and Address 13. Type of Report & Period Covered As above 14. 15. Supplementary Notes 16. Abstracts The serial report contains articles on political and sociological developments in major areas of Latin America, as reported primarily from Latin American news- papers and periodicals. It also includes information on major segments of Latin American economy, geography, culture, and ethnography. 17. Key Words and Document Analysis. 17a. Descriptors Political Science Inter-American Affairs _Ecuador Sociology X Argentina ~El Salvador Economics Bolivia _Guatemala Culture Brazil Guyana Kthnology Chile _Haiti Technological Colombia _Honduras Geography Costa Rica _Mexico Cuba _Nicaragua Dominican Republic _Panama _Paraguay 17b. Idem if icrs/Open-Knded Terms Peru _Uruguay Venezuela 17c. COSAT1 l'ie Id /Croup 5D, 5C, 5K 18. Availability Statement 19. Security Class (This 21. No. of Page.« Report) Unlimited availability. Sold by NTIS UNCLASS1F1KD Springfield, Va. 22151 20. Security Class (This 22. Price Page UNCLASSIHHD tOUM N IIS-35 ( 10-70) USCOMM-DC 40329-P7 1 JC JPRS 69191 3 June 1977 TRANSLATIONS ON LATIN AMERICA No. 1658 SELECTIONS FROM ESTRATEGIA No. H3-Wj NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 1976, JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1977 CONTENTS PAGE ARGENTINA Future of Malvinas Islands Negotiations Discussed (Juan E. Guglialmelli) 1 Southern Boundary fof Argentine Sea Reviewed (Roberto M. Orstein) 14 Development Plan for Northern Border Recounted (Bernardo Quagliotti de Bellis) 21 Political-Economic Future of Antarctic Discussed (Jorge A. Fraga) 27 Caution Urged on Exploitation of Antarctic Nonrenewable Resources (Jorge Leal) 39 Living Marine Resources of Southern Sea Discussed (Aldo P. Tomo) 50 - a - [III - LA - 144] ARGENTINA FUTURE OF MALVINAS ISLANDS NEGOTIATIONS DISCUSSED Buenos Aires ESTRATEGIA in Spanish No 43-44 Nov-Dec 76 Jan-Feb 77 pp 6-18 [Article by Gen Juan E. Guglialmelli] [Text] During the last 2 weeks of February, a delegation from the government of the United Kingdom, headed by the ministry of state for foreign and common- wealth affairs, Edward Rowlands, discussed the future of the Malvinas Islands negotiations with an Argentine group led by the undersecretary of foreign re- lations, Navy Capt Gualter 0. Allara. These initiatives started in 1966 but were suspended 10 years later when our country, in the face of the intemperate British position, took action to have the respective ambassadors withdrawn (January 1976). In this article, we will attempt to evaluate the meetings of 22 and 23 February, as regards the status and the prospects for the negotia- tions whose objective is to define the dispute over sovereignty and what it means in consideration of our rights to recover for the national patrimony the archipelago which was usurped from us in 1833. To do this, we will have to relate a number of antecedents which will permit us to compare positions, as well as clarify one of the most controversial points of the discussions: the British desire to include the subject of economic cooperation as part of said negotiations. I. The Malvinas Islands and the United Nations. Bhe Bilateral "Conversations Up to January 1976. Positions of the Parties. The problem of the Malvinas Islands was placed on the agenda of the United Nations when Great Britain, as a consequence of Resolution 1514 (XV) (Decem- ber 1960), included by its own decision our archipelago as colonial territory of the United Kingdom. As the result of this action, the islands remain sub- ject to the decolonization process, with London committed to its execution. Later, the UN produced two resolutions linked with the subject: Resolution 2065 (XX) (December 1965) and Resolution 3160 (XXVIII) (December 1973). The former was definitive in that it oriented and placed in perspective the bi- lateral initiatives which were to be carried out. In this connection, the UN took note of the existence of a dispute between Argentina and the United Kingdom "concerning sovereignty" over the Malvinas Islands and invited the parties without delay to continue "the negotiations" to find a peaceful solution to the problem, taking into consideration the objectives of the UN Charter, Resolution 1514 (XV), as well as "the interests" of the islanders. There is much substance to this Resolution since, on the one hand, it limits the "negotia- tions" to the subject of sovereignty and, on the other, to consideration of the Malvinians, rejecting the British claim of contemplating "the wishes" of same, as we will see later.1 Resolution 3160 (XXVIII), on the other hand, has lesser significance, as it is limited to expressing its preoccupation over the lack of progress in the negotiations and urges the parties to continue them with- out delay. It is not my intent here to follow in detail the various discussions, both in the United Nations as well as during the bilateral initiatives. Rather, we will limit ourselves to summarizing the positions of the parties on the dif- ferent points, some of which (such as economic cooperation) take on particular importance. As for the problem of decolonization, Great Britain has maintained in principle that the right of the islanders to self-determination be recognized, ad- vancing as an argument consideration for their "wishes." Argentina rejected this thesis with sufficient reasons and offered the only remaining variant in place of that alternative: territorial integrity. Resolution 2065(XX), by positioning the interest of the inhabitants as a condition, rejects the British claim. During the bilateral initiatives, the United Kingdom insisted upon the con- ception that they did not constitute "negotiations" but rather "conversations" or "discussions," including in the same the subject of communications between the islands and Argentine territory.2 In this regard, it maintained that this topic was intimately related to the heart of the matter. Our country, on the other hand, understood this matter to be "colateral conversations," as the subject for discussion could be nothing other than recognition of Argentine sovereignty over the archipelago. In this respect, Buenos Aires added, said subject could not be conditioned, delayed nor substituted at the heart of the problem. On 8 December 1975, the Argentine representative to the United Nations de- nounced as regressive the British attitude in the initiatives, since it not only adhered to the prior authorization of the islanders to carry on negotia- tions concerning sovereignty but also attempted to supplant them by a "dis- cussion" of "economic cooperation."