A Note on References THE WORKS by Marx to which I most frequently refer will be cited in the following editions: Marx, Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts (1844), in T. B. Botto- more, ed., Early Writings (New York, 1964). Marx and Engels, The German Ideology (1846), ed. C. J. Arthur (New York, 1980). Marx and Engels, Manifesto of the Communist Party (1848), in Marx and Engels, The Marx-Engels Reader; ed. Robert C. Tucker, 1st ed. (New York, 1972). Marx, Wage-Labor and Capital (1849), in Marx-Engels Reader. Marx, The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte (1852), in Marx-Engels Reader. Marx, Grundrisse (1857-58), trans. M. Nicolaus (New York, 1973). Marx, Preface to A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy (1859), in Marx and Engels, Selected Works in Three Volumes (Moscow, 1973), vol. I. Marx, Wages, Price and Profit (1865), in Selected Works, vol. II. Marx, Capital (1867, etc.), (Moscow, n.d.) Marx, The Civil War in France (1871), in Marx-Engels Reader. Marx, Critique of the Gotha Program (1875), in Marx-Engels Reader. Marx and Engels, Selected Correspondence (Moscow, n.d.) ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Some of my work on this book was done during a sabbatical year which was partly supported by a Rockefeller Foundation Humanities Fellowship. Parts of Chapters One, Two and Five appear in the following essays of mine, and are used here with permission of the publishers: "Marx and Morality" in Marxism: Nomos XXVI, ed. J. Roland Pen- nock and John W. Chapman. Copyright 1983 by New York Uni- versity. "Productive Forces and the Forces of Change" in the Philosophical Re- view, 90 (1981). "Producing Change" in Terence Ball and James Farr, ed., After Marx, Cambridge University Press. XI .