Volume 19. Part 6. 28th December, 1962 pp. 337-402 T.P.-XI, 1 pi. THE HI I I I TIN OF ZOOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE The Official Organ o! THE INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ZOOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE Contents Page Secretary's Note ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 337 (icontinued inside back wrapper) LONDON: Printed by Order of the International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature and Sold on behalf of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature by the International Trust at its Publications Olflce, 19, Belgrave Square, London, S.W.I 1962 Price Three Pounds (All rights reserved) Original from and digitized by National University of Singapore Libraries INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ZOOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE A. The Officers of the Commission President: Professor James Chester Bradley (Cornell University, Ithaca, N.T., U.S.A.) (12 August, 1953) Vice-President: Senhor Dr. Afranio do Amaral (Sao Paulo, Brazil) (12 August 1953) Acting Secretary : Dr. W. E. China (British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London, S.W.I) B. The Members of the Commission (Arranged in order of election or of most recent re-election) Senhor Dr. Afranio do Amaral (S. Paulo, Brazil) (12 August 1953) (Vice-President) Professor J. Chester Bradley (Cornell University, Ithaca, N.T., U.S.A.) (12 August 1953) (President) Professor Harold E. Vokes (University of Tulane, Department of Geology, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A.) (12 August 1953) Dr. Norman R. Stoll (Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, New York, N.Y., U.S.A.) (12 August 1953) Dr. L. B. Holthuis (Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historic, Leiden, The Netherlands) (12 August 1953) Dr. K. H. L. Key (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, A.C.T., Australia) (15 October 1954) Dr. Alden H. Miller (Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, California, U.S.A.) (29 October 1954) Doc. Dr. Ferdinand Prantl (Ndrodni Museum v Praze, Prague, Czechoslovakia) (30 October 1954) Professor Dr. Wilhelm Kuhnelt (Zoologisches Institut der Universitdt, Vienna, Austria) (6 November 1954) Professor Ernst Mayr (Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.) (4 December 1954) Professor Enrico Tortonese (Museo di Storia Naturale "G. Doria ", Genova, Italy) (16 December 1954) Dr. Per. Brinck (Hands Universitets, Zoologiska Institution, Lund, Sweden) (19 May 1958) Dr. Max Poll (Musee Royal de VAfrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium) (12 July 1958) Professor H. Boschma (Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, The Netherlands) (23 July 1958) Mr. Francis Hemming (London, England) (23 July 1958) Dr. Henning Lemche (Universitetets Zoologiske Museum, Copenhagen, Denmark) (23 July 1958) Professor Pierre Bonnet (Universite de Toulouse, France) (23 July 1958) Mr. Norman Denbigh Riley (British Museum (Natural History), London) (23 July 1958) Professor Dr. Tadeusz Jaczewski (Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland) (23 July 1958) Professor Dr. Robert Mertens (Natur-Museum u. Forschungs-Institut Senckenberg, Frankfurt a.M., Germany) (23 July 1958) Professor Dr. Erich Martin Hering (Zoologisches Museum der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Germany) (23 July 1958) Dr. D. V. Obruchev (Palaeontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow B-71, USSR) (5 November 1958) Professor Tohru Uchida (Department of Zoology, Hokkaido University, Japan) (24 March 1959) Professor Dr. Rafael Alvarado (Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid, Spain) (31 May 1960) Dr. Gwilym Owen Evans (British Museum (Natural History), London) (31 May 1960) Dr. E. G. Mhnroe (Canada Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, Ottawa, Canada) (9 June 1961) Dr. N. S. Borchsenihs (Institute of Zoology, Academy of Sciences, Leningrad B-164, U.S.S.R.) (28 September 1961) Dr. W. E. China (British Museum (Natural History), London) (21 May 1962) (Acting Secretary) Prof. E. Binder (Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Geneva, Switzerland) (21 May 1962) Original from and digitized by National University of Singapore Libraries BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE Volume 19, Part 6 (pp. 337-402, T.P.-XI) 28th December, 1962 Secretary's Note The following articles constitute some of the recommendations for the amendment of the Code received from zoologists for discussion at the XVI International Congress of Zoology, Washington, 1963. As in volume 15 of the Bulletin, concerned with proposals for the XV Congress, 1958, articles have been arranged by Case and Document Numbers so that all comments relative to the same problem may be easily identifiable. They are printed here with a view to bringing them to the notice of all zoologists who are invited to put forward their views. w. E. CHINA Acting Secretary International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature CASE No . 1 REQUEST FOR A CLARIFICATION OF ARTICLE 40 (Z.N.(S.) 1508) (By J. Chester Bradley (President, International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature) Article 40 deals with the conservation of a family-group name based on a type-genus which, after 1960, is discovered to be a junior synonym. It gives however no directive in the case of a family-group name based on a type-genus which was discovered to be a junior synonym before 1960. In this case it has been general practice to change the family-group name to one based on the valid name of the type-genus, so that there are sometimes two or more family- group names competing in present use for the same taxon. It is suggested that the present Article 40 should become Article 40a and that a new paragraph (b) be added as follows : If two family-group names based on type-genera that are objective synonyms or are regarded as subjective synonyms are competing in use for the same taxon, the family-group name based on the senior synonym shall prevail, regardless of whether it itself has priority. Bull. zool. Nomencl., Vol. 19, Part 6. December 1962. Original from and digitized by National University of Singapore Libraries 338 Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature CASE No. 2 THE INTERNATIONAL CODE PROVISIONS ON FAMILY-GROUP NAMES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON TRILOBITE TAXONOMY (Z.N.(S.) 1538) By J. T. Temple (Birhbeck College, London) The Regies internationales de la Nomenclature zoologique (1905) as drawn up by the Berlin Congress of 1901 and emended by several later Congresses (notably Budapest 1927) did not legislate for family-group names beyond prescribing the endings of family and subfamily names and the dependence of these names on that of the type-genus (Arts. 4 & 5). In particular, the Law of Priority (Art. 25) which determined the availability as well as the priority of names applied only to generic and specific names. The Paris Congress of 1948 approved a recommendation that the wording of Arts. 4 & 5 should be expanded to clarify the ideas of selection and designation of a type-genus for a family, but did not legislate further, and referred the whole problem of family-group names to the Secretary of the Commission for him to make a thorough study (1950, Bull. zool. Nomencl. 4 : 138). The results of this study were presented to the XIV Congress in Copenhagen, 1953, which recommended the insertion of several provisions relating to family- group names into the Rbgles. The most important of these for the present purpose is para. 52 (Copenhagen Decisions 1953 : 35) :— " The Colloquium recommends that a provision should be inserted in the Regies prescribing that a name given to a taxon of the Family-Group is to be treated as having been published with an indication through the incorporation into it of a basic portion of the name of its type genus. The Colloquium proposes, however, that a Recommandation should be inserted urging authors when publishing a name for a new taxon belonging to a category in the Family-Group to give a diagnosis of the characters relied upon for distinguishing that taxon from allied taxa previously named." There are two points of interest in this paragraph. Firstly, the provision concerning publication of a family-group name with an indication referred presumably to Art. 25(a) of the Regies where an indication was (together with the application of binomial nomenclature) a sufficient criterion for the avail¬ ability of names published before 1 January 1931 ; but Art. 25 refers only to generic and specific names, and although the Copenhagen Congress discussed this Article (Copenhagen Decisions 1953 : 60-66) it did not expand its province to cover family-group names. The provision in the first part of para. 52 could not, therefore, be put into effect. Secondly, the latter part of the paragraph urging authors to publish a diagnosis of a new family-group taxon was not a mandatory provision, but a Recommandation, and even with this limited force it could only operate from the date of publication of the Copenhagen Decisions (31 December 1953). Ball. zool. Nomencl., Vol. 19, Part 6. December 1962. Original from and digitized by National University of Singapore Libraries Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 339 In practice, therefore, after the publication of the Copenhagen Decisions there was still no legislation on the criteria of availability of family-group names except for the prescribed endings and the necessity of incorporating the stem of the name of the type-genus ; and this state of affairs continued until the recent (6 November 1961) publication of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature adopted by the XV Congress in London, 1958. The most important change in the new Code as it affects families is the widening of the old Law of Priority to cover all names, including family-group names. The provisions are now embodied in Arts. 12, 13 & 16 as follows :— "Article 12. Names published before 1931.—In addition to satisfying the provisions of Article 11, a name published before 1931 must have been accompanied by a description, definition, or indication." "Article 16(a).—The word " indication " as used in this Chapter applies only to the following : (iv) the formation of a new family-group name from the stem of the name of a genus, which thus becomes the type-genus ; "Article 13.