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[email protected] 5691 (inside Canada, United States) Crown Copyright Queen’s Printer Local: (416) 326-2678 Toll Free: 1-800-668-9938 [email protected] (inside Canada, United States) Ministry of Northern Development and Mines Ontario Ontario Geological Survey Open File Report 5863 An Inventory of Inactive Quarries in the Paleozoic Limestone and Dolostone Strata of Ontario 1993 Ministry of Northern Development and Mines Ontario ONTARIO GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open File Report 5863 An Inventory of Inactive Quarries in the Paleozoic Limestone and Dolostone Strata of Ontario By R.R. Wolf 1993 Parts of this publication may be quoted if credit is given. It is recommended that reference to this publication be made in the following form: Wolf, R.R. 1993. An inventory of inactive quarries in the Paleozoic limestone and dolostone strata of Ontario; Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 5863,272p. © Queen's Printer for Ontario, 1993 Ontario Geological Survey OPEN FILE REPORT Open File Reports are made available to the public subject to the following conditions: This report is unedited. Discrepancies may occur for which the Ontario Geological Survey does not assume liability. Recommendations and statements of opinions expressed are those of the author or authors and are not to be construed as statements of government policy. This Open File Report is available for viewing at the following locations: Mines Library Level A3, 933 Ramsey Lake Road Sudbury, Ontario P3E 6B5 Mines and Minerals Information Centre (MMIC) Rm. M2-17, Macdonald Block 900 Bay St. Toronto, Ontario M7A 1C3 The office of the Resident Geologist whose district includes the area covered by this report. Copies of this report may be obtained at the user's expense from: OGS On-Demand Publications Level B4, 933 Ramsey Lake Road Sudbury, Ontario P3E 6B5 Tel. (705)670-5691 Collect calls accepted. Handwritten notes and sketches may be made from this report. Check with MMIC, the Mines Library or the Resident Geologist's office whether there is a copy of this report that may be borrowed. A copy of this report is available for Inter-Library loan. This report is available for viewing at the following Resident Geologists' offices: London, 659 Exeter Rd., London N6A 4L6 Dorset, Box 190, Main St., Dorset P0A 1E0 Tweed, Bag Service 43, Old Troy Rd., Tweed K0K 3JO Bancroft, Box 3000, Highway 28, Bancroft K0L 1C0 Sudbury, Level 3B, 933 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury P3E 6B5 Sault Ste. Marie, 60 Church St., Sault Ste. Marie P6A 3H3 The right to reproduce this report is reserved by the Ontario Ministry of Northern Development and Mines. Permission for other reproductions must be obtained in writing from the Director, Ontario Geological Survey - Geoscience Branch. iii FOREWORD This report complements the Limestone Industries of Ontario report (Deny, Michener, Booth and Wahl and OGS 1989) by providing an inventory of all known inactive quarries in the Paleozoic carbonate strata of Ontario. Of the more than 750 known inactive and abandoned quarries examined by the author and his associates, 147 are described in detail in this report. These quarries were selected because of their geological and historical significance. This report and the report on the Limestone Industry of Ontario thus provides a complete inventory of the quarries in the Paleozoic carbonate strata of Ontario. Director Ontario Geological Survey v Contents FOREWORD v ABSTRACT xiii INTRODUCTION 1 PROJECT METHODOLOGY 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 2 PALEOZOIC GEOLOGY OF ONTARIO 3 INTRODUCTION 3 PALEOZOIC GEOLOGY OF EASTERN ONTARIO 11 Potsdam Group 11 Beekmantown Group 11 March Formation 13 Oxford Formation 13 Rockcliffe Formation 13 Ottawa Group 13 Shadow Lake Formation 14 Gull River Formation 14 Bobcaygeon Formation 14 Verulam Formation 15 Lindsay Formation 15 Billings, Carlsbad and Queenston Formations 16 PALEOZOIC GEOLOGY OF CENTRAL ONTARIO 16 Shadow Lake Formation 16 Simcoe Group 17 Gull River Formation 17 Bobcaygeon Formation 17 Verulam Formation 18 Lindsay Formation 18 Blue Mountain Formation 19 Georgian Bay Formation 19 Queenston Formation 19 THE PALEOZOIC GEOLOGY OF THE NIAGARA ESCARPMENT 19 Cataract Group 22 Manitoulin Formation 22 Clinton Group 22 Thorold and Neahga Formations 23 Dyer Bay, Wingfield, and St. Edmund Formations 23 Reynales and Fossil Hill Formations 23 Irondequoit, Rochester, and Decew Formations 24 vii Lockport and Amabel Formations 24 Guelph Formation 26 PALEOZOIC GEOLOGY OF SOUTHWESTERN ONTARIO 26 Salina Formation 28 Bertie and Bass Islands Formations 28 Oriskany and Bois Blanc Formations 29 Onondaga Formation 30 Detroit River Group 30 Amherstburg Formation 31 Lucas Formation 31 Dundee Formation 31 Marcellus Formation, Hamilton Group, Kettle Point Formation and Port Lambton Group 32 PALEOZOIC GEOLOGY OF NORTHERN ONTARIO 32 Northern Lake Huron 32 Timiskaming Outlier 33 James Bay Lowland - Moose River Basin 35 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE MORE SIGNIFICANT INACTIVE QUARRIES 37 INTRODUCTION 37 REFERENCES 228 APPENDIX 1: INVENTORY OF ALL LIMESTONE QUARRIES IN ONTARIO . 250 APPENDIX 2: QUARRY LOCATION MAPS 271 Figures Figure 1. Paleozoic geology of southern Ontario 4 Figure 2. Regional subdivision of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic strata in Ontario 6 Figure 3. The major structural features of Ontario 9 Tables Table 1. Average thicknesses of Paleozoic carbonate rock units in Ontario that have been extensively quarried 7 Table 2. Paleozoic stratigraphy of Eastern and Central Ontario 12 Table 3. Paleozoic nomenclature of the bedrock exposed along the Niagara Escarpment 21 Table 4. Paleozoic nomenclature of the bedrock in Southwestern Ontario . 27 Table 5. Paleozoic nomenclature of the bedrock in the northern Lake ix Huron area and the Lake Timiskaming Outlier 34 Table 6. Paleozoic and Mesozoic stratigraphy of the Moose River Basin ... 36 BACK POCKET MAP 1. Districts of the Ministry of Natural Resources MAP 2. Aylmer District Quarry Location Map MAP 3. Brockville District Quarry Location Map MAP 4. Cambridge District Quarry Location Map MAP 5. Carleton Place District Quarry Location Map MAP 6. Chatham District Quarry Location Map MAP 7. Cornwall District Quarry Location Map MAP 8. Espanola District Quarry Location Map MAP 9. Huronia District Quarry Location Map MAP 10. Lindsay and southern Minden District Quarry Location Map MAP 11. Maple District Quarry Location Map MAP 12. Napanee District Quarry Location Map MAP 13. Niagara District Quarry Location Map MAP 14. Owen Sound District Quarry Location Map MAP 15.