p r an interdisciplinary journal for holocaust educators • a rothman foundation publication ism • an interdisciplinary journal for holocaust educators AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR HOLOCAUST EDUCATORS E DITORS: DR. KAREN SHAWN, Yeshiva University, NY, NY DR. JEFFREY GLANZ, Yeshiva University, NY, NY EDITORIAL BOARD: DARRYLE CLOTT, Viterbo University, La Crosse, WI yeshiva university • azrieli graduate school of jewish education and administration DR. KEREN GOLDFRAD, Bar-Ilan University, Israel BRANA GUREWITSCH, Museum of Jewish Heritage– A Living Memorial to the Holocaust, NY, NY DR. DENNIS KLEIN, Kean University, NJ DR. MARCIA SACHS LiTTELL, School of Graduate Studies, The Richard Stockton College of New Jersey DR. ROBERT ROZETT, Yad Vashem DR. DAVID ScHNALL, Yeshiva University, NY, NY DR. WiLLIAM SHULMAN, Director, Association of Holocaust Organizations DR. SAMUEL TOTTEN, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville DR. WiLLIAM YOUNGLOVE, California State University Long Beach ART EDITOR: DR. PNINA ROSENBERG, Ghetto Fighters’ Museum, Western Galilee POETRY EDITOR: DR. CHARLES AdÉS FiSHMAN, Emeritus Distinguished Professor, State University of New York ADVISORY BOARD: STEPHEN FEINBERG, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum DR. HANITA KASS, Educational Consultant DR. YAACOV LOZOWICK, Historian YITZCHAK MAIS, Historian, Museum Consultant GERRY MELNICK, Kean University, NJ RABBI DR. BERNHARD ROSENBERG, Congregation Beth-El, Edison; NJ State Holocaust Commission member MARK SARNA, Second Generation, Real Estate Developer, Attorney DR. DAVID SiLBERKLANG, Yad Vashem SIMCHA STEIN, Ghetto Fighters’ Museum, Western Galilee TERRI WARMBRAND, Kean University, NJ fall 2009 • volume 1, issue 1 DR. BERNARD WEINSTEIN, Kean University, NJ DR. EFRAIM ZuROFF, Simon Wiesenthal Center, Jerusalem AZRIELI GRADUATE SCHOOL DEPARTMENT EDITORS: DR. SHANI BECHHOFER DR. CHAIM FEUERMAN DR. ScOTT GOLDBERG DR. RONA NOVICK DR. DAVID PELCOVITZ DR. MOSHE SOKOLOW GRAPHIC DESIGNER: BORIS VOLUNUEV, Yeshiva University, Ny, NY 2495 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10033 F A L L 2 0 0 9 RESEARCH ASSISTANT: www.yu.edu/azrieli VOLUME 1, ISSUE 1 EMILY AmiE WiTTY, Yeshiva University, NY, NY p r an interdisciplinary journal for holocaust educators • a rothman foundation publication ism • an interdisciplinary journal for holocaust educators AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR HOLOCAUST EDUCATORS E DITORS: DR. KAREN SHAWN, Yeshiva University, NY, NY DR. JEFFREY GLANZ, Yeshiva University, NY, NY EDITORIAL BOARD: DARRYLE CLOTT, Viterbo University, La Crosse, WI yeshiva university • azrieli graduate school of jewish education and administration DR. KEREN GOLDFRAD, Bar-Ilan University, Israel BRANA GUREWITSCH, Museum of Jewish Heritage– A Living Memorial to the Holocaust, NY, NY DR. DENNIS KLEIN, Kean University, NJ DR. MARCIA SACHS LiTTELL, School of Graduate Studies, The Richard Stockton College of New Jersey DR. ROBERT ROZETT, Yad Vashem DR. DAVID ScHNALL, Yeshiva University, NY, NY DR. WiLLIAM SHULMAN, Director, Association of Holocaust Organizations DR. SAMUEL TOTTEN, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville DR. WiLLIAM YOUNGLOVE, California State University Long Beach ART EDITOR: DR. PNINA ROSENBERG, Ghetto Fighters’ Museum, Western Galilee POETRY EDITOR: DR. CHARLES AdÉS FiSHMAN, Emeritus Distinguished Professor, State University of New York ADVISORY BOARD: STEPHEN FEINBERG, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum DR. HANITA KASS, Educational Consultant DR. YAACOV LOZOWICK, Historian YITZCHAK MAIS, Historian, Museum Consultant GERRY MELNICK, Kean University, NJ RABBI DR. BERNHARD ROSENBERG, Congregation Beth-El, Edison; NJ State Holocaust Commission member MARK SARNA, Second Generation, Real Estate Developer, Attorney DR. DAVID SiLBERKLANG, Yad Vashem SIMCHA STEIN, Ghetto Fighters’ Museum, Western Galilee TERRI WARMBRAND, Kean University, NJ fall 2009 • volume 1, issue 1 DR. BERNARD WEINSTEIN, Kean University, NJ DR. EFRAIM ZuROFF, Simon Wiesenthal Center, Jerusalem AZRIELI GRADUATE SCHOOL DEPARTMENT EDITORS: DR. SHANI BECHHOFER DR. CHAIM FEUERMAN DR. ScOTT GOLDBERG DR. RONA NOVICK DR. DAVID PELCOVITZ DR. MOSHE SOKOLOW GRAPHIC DESIGNER: BORIS VOLUNUEV, Yeshiva University, Ny, NY 2495 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10033 F A L L 2 0 0 9 RESEARCH ASSISTANT: www.yu.edu/azrieli VOLUME 1, ISSUE 1 EMILY AmiE WiTTY, Yeshiva University, NY, NY In memory of ז״ל Henry I. Rothman and ע״ה Bertha G. Rothman לחמו מלחות ה׳ “who lived and fought for Torah-true Judaism” Published through the courtesy of the HEN RY, BERTHA and EDWARD ROTHMAN FOUNDATION Rochester, N.Y. • Circleville, Ohio • Cleveland Call for Manuscripts AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR HOLOCAUST EDUCATORS PRISM: An Interdisciplinary Journal for Holocaust Educators is a publication of the Azrieli Graduate School of Jewish Education and Administration at Yeshiva University. It is made possible by a generous grant from the Henry, Bertha, and Edward Rothman Foundation. At present, single issues are complimentary. Additional copies may be purchased for $18. Contact Emily Amie Witty at [email protected] to purchase copies. ED UCATORS, hisTORIANS, psychoLOGISTS, THEOLOGIANS, arTISTS, wriTERS, poeTS, anD OTHER inTERESTED AUTHORS are inVITED TO subMIT MANUSCRIPTS on THE foLLOWING THEMES: Bystanders—In press Family Matters—Submissions due December 1, 2009 The Second Generation and Beyond—Submissions due June 1, 2010 The Holocaust and Heroism—Submissions due December 1, 2010 The Kindertransport—Submissions due June 1, 2011 K EEP in MIND: • All submissions must be sent as an e-mailed attachment in Microsoft Word Times New Roman 12 font type, double spaced and justified. • Submissions accompanied by documentary photos and art work are given special consideration. • Photos and artwork must be attached as separate jpeg or tiff files. • The American Psychological Association (APA) Publication Manual (5th Ed.) is Yeshiva University's required reference guide for publications. • Length of manuscript may vary; we seek essays from four to 14 double-spaced pages. CNO TA T THE EDITORS wiTH QUESTIONS, suggesTIONS, anD/OR QUERIES abouT specific THEMES for FUTURE journaLS: D r. Karen Shawn at [email protected] and Dr. Jeffrey Glanz at [email protected] or c/o Yeshiva University, Azrieli Graduate School of Jewish Education and Administration, 500 West 185th Street, Belfer Hall, Room 326, New York, NY 10033. PRISM: An Interdisciplinary Journal for Holocaust Educators is a peer-reviewed journal. Publication depends on the following factors: sound scholarship; originality; clear, concise, and engaging writing; relevance to theme; value and interest to audience of educators; and adherence to style guidelines. Letters to the editors are welcomed. The content of PRISM reflects the opinions of the authors and not necessarily those of the Azrieli Graduate School and Yeshiva University. II PRISM: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR HOLOCAUST EDUCATORS Contents 2 Credits and Permissions 05 Dark Whispers (poem) Zahava Z. Sweet 3 Introduction Karen Shawn and Jeffrey Glanz 51 The Island on Bird Street: A Film Review Eric A. Goldman 6 Bicycles (poem) Marjorie Agosín 53 Three Approaches to Exploring the Höcker Album in the High School 7 Reflections on Poetry of Trauma and University Classes (research essay) and Resistance (essay) Judith Cohen, Rebecca Erbelding, and Charles Adés Fishman Joseph Robert White 9 Excerpt from The Soldier with the Golden Buttons (short story) Students Confront the Holocaust Miriam Steiner-Aviezer 36 A Time of Horror (poem) Michael Goldsmith 19 Beyond Testimony: An Interview with Miriam Steiner-Aviezer (interview) 64 The Holocaust Museum as an Keren Goldfrad Extension of the Classroom (essay) Brana Gurewitsch Students Confront the Holocaust 70 The Necessity of Darkness: 23 Empty Spaces (poem) The Pedagogic Benefit of Teaching the Erica Kershner Horrors of the Camps (essay) 24 First Time (poem) Joshua Levy Tali Miller 73 Point: The Obligation to Teach the Light: 24 The Survivor (poem) A Response to Joshua Levy Rebecca Rapoport Emily Amie Witty 25 Storytelling and Reading Aloud: 76 Counterpoint: A Response to Emily Witty Teaching Through the Oral Tradition (essay) Joshua Levy Peninnah Schram 77 Homework (poem) Students Confront the Holocaust Elizabeth Rosner 31 Stories (poem) 78 My Father’s Souvenirs (poem) Eitan Stavsky Elizabeth Rosner 32 My Grandfather Mendel Buchman (poem) 80 I Did Not Know, but I Remember (poem) Josh Strobel Tamara Fishman 33 My Mother, My Art: Reflections 81 Building Resilience for Holocaust from a Child of Survivors (essay) Educators (research essay) Mina Cohen Naomi L. Baum, Batya Rotter, and Estie Reidler 35 Pain of Hunger: A Survivor’s Story (art) 89 Through the Dead of Night: Mina Cohen Lessons in Trauma and Resiliency 37 Memories (poem) from Child Survivors of the Shoah (research essay) Shoshana Dubman Ray Walpow 38 Arts Education after Auschwitz: 96 “Everything Is Part of the Holocaust”: Students, Survivors, and Storytelling in the U.S. An Introduction to Josh Freedman’s “Endurance” Premiere of “Witness Theater” (essay) Pnina Rosenberg Caren Schnur Neile 96 Endurance (art) 42 Reflections of Children in Holocaust Art (essay) Josh Freedman Pnina Rosenberg 98 Shoshana (poem) 47 The Blue Parakeet (poem) Reva Sharon Julie N. Heifetz 100 Reflections on Dr. Franklin Littell: In Memoriam fall 2009 • volume 1, issue 1 1 Credits & Permissions FRONT COVER: M arjorie Agosín: “Bicycles,” from At A child waiting to be deported from the Threshold of Memory, © 2003 by the Lodz Ghetto, circa September 1942 Marjorie Agosín. Reprinted by or spring