University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Theses (Historic Preservation) Graduate Program in Historic Preservation 1-1-2006 Founding or Funding: Are Historic House Museums in Trouble? Dina Kanawati University of Pennsylvania Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/hp_theses Part of the Historic Preservation and Conservation Commons Kanawati, Dina, "Founding or Funding: Are Historic House Museums in Trouble?" (2006). Theses (Historic Preservation). 9. https://repository.upenn.edu/hp_theses/9 Presented to the Faculties of the University of Pennsylvania in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Historic Preservation 2006. Advisor: Gail Caskey Winkler This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/hp_theses/9 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Founding or Funding: Are Historic House Museums in Trouble? Disciplines Historic Preservation and Conservation Comments Presented to the Faculties of the University of Pennsylvania in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Historic Preservation 2006. Advisor: Gail Caskey Winkler This thesis or dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: https://repository.upenn.edu/hp_theses/9 FOUNDING OR FUNDING: ARE HISTORIC HOUSE MUSEUMS IN TROUBLE? Dina Kanawati A THESIS In Historic Preservation Presented to the Faculties of the University of Pennsylvania in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN HISTORIC PRESERVATION 2006 ___________________________ ___________________________ Advisor Reader Gail Caskey Winkler John M. Groff Lecturer in Historic Preservation Executive Director, Wyck Association ___________________________ Program Chair Frank G. Matero Professor of Architecture I dedicate this work to Abdulghani Salman Ibrahim, self-made scholar. ii Acknowledgements I would like to thank Gail Winkler most profusely for her support, her patience, her encouragement, and her good humor. Without her guidance, this thesis would have turned out differently. Thank you for your quiet assurances and gentle prodding in the right direction. Thank you, also, for resurrecting those critical writing skills which atrophied somewhere in design school. Thank you also to John M. Groff, Executive Director at Wyck, for consenting to read through this work for me and offering representation from the historic house museum community. I am happy to share my discoveries with you, and I hope they have inspired in their turn. Thank you to Erica Armour, Executive Director at Historic Fallsington, for a very illuminating summer’s work which inspired this whole idea in the first place. I hope my findings may aid in the relief of some very real pressures that befall buildings, collections, and staff at historic house museums everywhere and at Fallsington in particular. Thank you to Barbara Silberman and Laura Koloski from the Heritage Philadelphia Program for allowing me access to the information that eventually became my corpus of study. I hope my efforts may compliment your own. Thank you to Roger Moss and the Athenaeum of Philadelphia for various services. Thank you to Alaa Shraim for your very informative twenty minutes on the basics of museum funding and unveiling the mysteries of endowments, cost, and revenue for me. Thank you to all those family, friends, and acquaintances (and correspondents!) who constantly asked me how the thesis was going and allowed me to think about it in new ways even when I wasn’t supposed to. To Mouna and Nizar Kanawati: Wa mama, tanak you, inti wil baba! Billah niyali! iii Founding or Funding: Are Historic House Museums in Trouble? Table of Contents List Of Figures............................................................................................................................... v Chapter 1: Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 WHAT IS AHISTORIC HOUSE MUSEUM?...................................................................................... 2 THE STUDY .................................................................................................................................. 6 Chapter 2: Founding The Historic House Museum.................................................................. 9 WHY WE CREATE HISTORIC HOUSE MUSEUMS........................................................................... 9 WHO OWNS HISTORIC HOUSE MUSEUMS .................................................................................. 22 Chapter 3: Museum Parts......................................................................................................... 30 MUSEUM BOARD ....................................................................................................................... 30 MUSEUM INTERPRETATION........................................................................................................ 34 MUSEUM VISITORS .................................................................................................................... 37 Chapter 4: Funding The Historic House Museum ................................................................. 40 MAIN COMPONENTS OF FUNDING.............................................................................................. 40 FINANCIAL SUPPORTERS OF HISTORIC HOUSE MUSEUMS ......................................................... 47 Chapter 5: Looking At The Historic House Museum............................................................. 53 BOARD ASSEMBLY..................................................................................................................... 53 HOURS OF ADMISSION............................................................................................................... 55 HISTORIC HOUSE MUSEUMS IN 2005......................................................................................... 57 LEARNING FROM SUCCESS:THE BETSY ROSS HOUSE ............................................................... 58 LOOKING AT THE BETSY ROSS HOUSE IN CONTEXT ................................................................. 60 CONCLUSION.............................................................................................................................. 64 Appendix A – The Figures ......................................................................................................... 67 Appendix B – The Survey .......................................................................................................... 87 Appendix C – The Corpus.......................................................................................................... 91 Appendix D – Figures D.1 – D.14 .............................................................................................. 98 Bibliography .............................................................................................................................. 112 Index........................................................................................................................................... 118 iv List of Figures, Tables and Illustrations Appendix A Figure 2.1 Period of Significance............................................................................... 67 Figure 2.2 Founding Date........................................................................................... 68 Figure 2.3 Ownership of Historic Houses.................................................................. 69 Figure 2.4 Government Acquisition of Historic Houses............................................ 70 Figure 4.1 Value of Endowments in 2000.................................................................. 71 Figure 4.2 Museums with Endowments in 2000........................................................ 72 Figure 4.3 Breakdown of Total Paid Staff in 2000 .................................................... 73 Figure 4.4 Combined Yearly Visitation for Fairmount Park and Germantown......... 74 Figure 4.5 Funds Gathered from Visitation in 1998 .................................................. 75 Figure 4.6 Funds Gathered from Visitation in 1999 .................................................. 76 Figure 5.1 Board Size in 2000.................................................................................... 77 Figure 5.2 Term Limits for Museum Boards ............................................................. 78 Figure 5.3 Enforcement of Term Limits .................................................................... 79 Figure 5.4 Historic House Museums Open Past Business Hours............................... 80 Figure 5.5 Historic House Museums Open on the Weekend ..................................... 81 Figure 5.6 Total Hours Open Each Week in 2000 and 2005 ..................................... 82 Figure 5.7 Total Visitation for 1998, 1999, and 2005................................................ 83 Figure 5.8 General Admission in 2000 and 2005....................................................... 84 Figure 5.9 Total Funds Gathered from Visitation in 1998, 1999, and 2005 .............. 85 Figure 5.10 Total Yearly Visitation for 1998 and 1999............................................... 86 Appendix D Figure D.1 Museums with Enough Storage Space in 2000......................................... 98 Figure D.2 Museums Still Collecting Despite Lack of Storage Space in 2000 .......... 99 Figure D.3 Total Hours Open per Week in 2000 .....................................................