RACISM IN BENJAMIN ZEPHANIAH SELECTED POEMS THESIS By: Ririn Wulandari 14320035 ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF HUMANITIES UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI MAULANA MALIK IBRAHIM MALANG 2018 RACISM IN BENJAMIN ZEPHANIAH SELECTED POEMS THESIS Presented to Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang in partial to fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Sarjana Sastra (S.S) By: Ririn Wulandari NIM 14320035 Supervisor: Dr. Siti Masitoh, M.Hum 196810202003122001 ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF HUMANITIES UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI MAULANA MALIK IBRAHIM MALANG 2018 i ii iii iv MOTTO If you want to make something for yourself Work harder than everybody else v DEDICATION This Thesis is dedicated to: My Family, My beloved mother and father My one and only sister, Thank you so much for supporting me My Advisor Dr. Siti Masitoh, M.Hum, Thank you so much for guiding me to do my thesis patiencely Nothing can replace you in my life I love you all with all of my heart I am nothing without you vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The researcher expresses her gratitude to Allah SWT. For Her Blessing and Mercy she can accomplish her mini-thesis entitled Racism in Benjamin Zephaniah’s Selected Poem as the requirement for the Degree of SarjanaSastra. Sholawat and Salam are also delivered toward Rasulullah SAW, who has guided her followers to the rightness. On this occasion, the researcher would like to thank to her family, especially her beloved parents Father and Motherwho have given the finance, facility, prayer and support in studying at the Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University of Malang. Thus, I want to express my deepest gratitude to my advisor, Dr. Siti Masitoh, M.Hum who has guided me to finish this research, without her this research probably could not be written perfectly. The researcher also presents great honor to some people who have given some helps to do this research. They help in many kinds such as legality, time, and energy, particularly big respetcs and grateful to all of the lecturers at English Letters Department, and all of the lecturers in Humanities Faculty, who have taught me so many great lessons. Also to my friends in English Letters Department, cannot mention one by one. Thank you so much. Malang, 19 Desember 2018 Ririn Wulandari vii ABSTRACT Wulandari, Ririn. 2018.Racism in Benjamin Zephaniah’s Selected Poem.Thesis, English Letters Department, Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang Advisor : Dr. Siti Masitoh, M.Hum Key Words : Racism, Critical Race This study aims to examine racism in Benjamin Zephaniah‟s Selected Poems. This issue raised due to dominant racial group, white people think that their race is better than Black people. It is portrayed in Benjamin Zephaniah‟s selected poems entitled What Stephen Lawrence Has Taught Us, Save Our Son, The Race Industry, Neighbours. The data are taken from Benjamin Zephaniah Third Book Collection Poems entitled Too Black Too Strong. These poems are interesting to be analyzed because, it described about racism that happened in Britain in each poem. Racism is a crucial issues because it still happen in this modern era in many countries such as Britain. In Zephaniah‟s poems described how white people make Black people suffering. For example, racism attack often happen to black people in Britain but the murderer never get caught. The researcher thinks that racism is important issue because everbody should get justice in their life no matter what kind of races they have. This research is categorized as literary criticism since the researcher conducts the analysis on literary work, including description, analysis, and interpretation. This research analyze worldview of Benjamin Zephaniah on racism through his poems using Critical Race Theory by Richard Delgado and Jean Stefancic. This research also analyze the homology of racism in society and literary work using Genetic Structuralism approach by Lucien Goldmann. The result of this research shows that there are some racism issues in Zephaniah‟s poems according to Richard Delgado and Jean Stefancic Theory. It includes five aspects, 1). Everyday racism such as racist attacks that often happen to Black people in Britain. 2). Intersectionality such as white people have negative impression on Black people. 3) Interest Convergence or Material Determinism such as how white people characterizes Black as poor people in the second class after white. 4). Voice of Color such as Black people way to express their voice of suffering by whites attacks. 5). Social Construction such as white people manipulates the media to get money form Black people suffering. This research also shows the homology between racism in Benjamin‟s poems and society condition in Britain is criminal justice in form of racist attacks often happen to Black people. viii ABSTRACT Wulandari, Ririn. 2018.Rasisme di dalam puisi pilihan Benjamin Zephaniah, Skripsi, Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Humaniora, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang Pembimbing : Dr. Siti Masitoh, M.Hum Kata Kunci : Racism, Critical Race Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk menganalisa rasisme di dalam puisi pilihan Benjamin Zephaniah. Masalah ini meningkat karena ras yang dominan yakni kulit putih merasa bahwa merekalah ras yang terbak daripada kulit hitam. Hal ini digambarkan dalam puisi pilihan Benjamin Zephaniah dengan judul What Stephen Lawrence Has Taught Us, Save Our Son, The Race Industry, Neighbour. Data dari penelitian ini diambil dari buku ketiga kumpulan puisi Benjamn Zephaniah yang berjudul Too Black Too Strong. Puisi-puisi ini menarik untuk dianalisis karena menggambarkan rasisme yang terjadi di Britania di setiap puisi. Rasisme adalah hal penting karena masih terjadi hingga saat ini di berbagai negara seperti Britania. Puisi puisi Benjamin Zephaniah menjelaskan bagaimana orang kulit putih membuat orang kulit hitam sengsara. Contoh, serangan rasisme seringkali terjadi kepada orang kulit hitam di Britania namun pelaku tidak pernah tertangkap. Peneliti merasa bahwa rasisme termasuk hal yang penting karena setiap manusia berhak mendapatkan keadilan dalam hisup mereka idak perduli ras apa yang mereka miliki. Penelitian ini dikategorikan sebagai kritik sastra karena peneliti melakukan penelitian pada karya sastra meliputi penggambaran, analisis, dan interpretasi. Penelitian oni menganalisa pandangan dunia dari Benjamin Zephaniah mengenai rasisme melalui puisi-puisinya menggunakan teori Critical Race oleh Richard Delgado dan Jean Stefancic. Penelitian ini juga menganalisa keterkaitan antara rasisme didalam masyarakat dan karya sastra menggunakan pendekatan Genetic Structuralism oleh Lucien Goldmann. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa ada beberapa rasisme dalam puisi Benjamin Zephaniah berdasarkan teori Richard Delgado dan Jean Stefancic. Hal ini mencakup lima aspek yakni, 1) Rasisme setiap hari contohnya adalah serangan rasisme sering terjadi kepada orang kulit hitam di Britania, 2) Interseksionalitas seperti orang kulit putih mempunyai kesan pertama yang negatif ketika bertemu dengan orang kulit hitam, 3) Konvergensi contohnya adalah bagaimana orang kulit putih mengategorikan orang kulit hitam sebagai ornag miskin dan berada dalam urutan kedua setelah orang kulit putih, 3) Suara warna seperti orang kulit hitam mengekspresikan suara mereka atau penderitaan mereka karen atelah diserang oleh orang kulit putih, 5) Konstruksi sosial contohnya adalah orang kulit putih memanipulasi media untuk mendapatkan uang dari penderitaan orang kulit hitam. Penelitian ini juga menunjukan keterkaitan antara rasisme pada puisi-puisi Benjamin Zephaniah dan rasisme didalam keadaan masyarakat di Britania adalah keadilan kriminal dalam bentuk serangan rasis yang seringkali menimpa orang kulit hitam. ix ملخص البحث ووﻻنداري، ريرين. 8102. العنصرية املوجودة يف اﻷشعار املختارة لبنجامني زفانية، البحث العلمي، اﻷدب اﻹجنليزي، كلية العلوم اﻹنسانية، جامعة موﻻنا مالك إبراهيم اﻹسﻻمية احلكومية ماﻻنج املشرفة : الدكتورة سييت مشيطة الكلمات الرئيسية : العنصرية، سباق احلرجة يهددده هددلا البحددث إ لليددا الشدددعر املختددار مددن اشددعار بنجدددامني زفانيددة. اسددت هرت املشددكلة لوجدددود اجلددنا املتسددلي وهددي جددنا البشددرة البيددداأ الددلي يدددني انددر افدددا مددن جددنا البشددرة السددوداأ. و تصددور املشددكلة امللمورة يف اﻷشعار املختارة لبنجامني زفانية ونناوينها What Stephen Lawrence Has Taught Neighbour ،The Race Industry ،Save Our Son ،Us. ومتددع نمليددة الددل البيانددات املوجددودة يف هددلا البحددث مددن شمونددة اﻷشددعار النيالنيددة لبنجددامني زفانيددة الدديت ننوا ددا Too Black Too Strong. اجتدلبع اﻷشدعار لتحليلهددا ﻷ كدا شدعر منهددا يصدة العنصدرية املوجددودة ب يطانيدا. و كدو العنصددرية شيئا مهما إذ ا ا ما زالع لدث يف هلا العصر كنيا ما وجد ب يطانيا. بيّنع اشعار بنجامني زفانية كية يدايق جنا البشرة البيداأ رفيقهم جنا البشرة السوداأ. من امنيلتها وجود اﻻنتداأ العنصري اللي قام بر شخص من جنا البشرة البيداأ جلنا البشرة السوداأ ولكنر غد مسدجو . رات الباةنيدة ا االعنصدمية مهمدة ﻷ كدا البشدر يستحق ا حيصا نلى العدالة يف احلياة لغ اﻻلتفات إ جنا هم. يدلا هلا البحث يف نوع حبث النقد اﻷديب ﻷ الباةنية قوم ببحنيهدا يف الدنص اﻷديب بطريقدة الو دة والتحليددا والتفسدد . حيلددا هددلا البحددث راي الدددنيا مددن بنجددامني زفانيددة فيمددا يتعلددق بالعنصددرية ندد اشددعار بالن ريددة سباق احلرجة لريتشارددلغادو وجانستيفانسيك. وحيلا هلا البحث ايدا التعلق بني العنصرية يف اجملتمع والنصوص اﻷدبية باستخدام املنهج البنيويةالوراثية للوسياجنولدما . اشدددارت نتيجدددة هدددلا البحدددث إ ا يف اشدددعار بنجدددامني زفانيدددة ننصدددريات وفقدددا للن ريدددة لريتشدددارددلغادو وجانستيفانسدديك. ولتددوي نلددى حددا نددواةي، هددي