University of Chicago Library Guide to the Warder Clyde Allee Papers 1894-1980 © 2006 University of Chicago Library Table of Contents Descriptive Summary 3 Information on Use 3 Access 3 Citation 3 Biographical Note 3 Scope Note 4 Related Resources 5 Subject Headings 5 INVENTORY 5 Series I: Notebooks and Miscellaneous Papers 5 Series II: National Research Council Committee on the Ecology of Animal Populations6 Series III: Writings 6 Series IV: Zoology Manuscripts by Other Authors 7 Series V: Addenda, 1896-1908 8 Subseries 1: Lectures, Conferences, and Research 8 Subseries 2: Publishers and Books 12 Subseries 3: General Correspondence 13 Subseries 4: Family and Personal Correspondence 23 Descriptive Summary Identifier ICU.SPCL.ALLEE Title Allee, Warder Clyde. Papers Date 1894-1980 Size 12.5 linear ft. (26 boxes) Repository Special Collections Research Center University of Chicago Library 1100 East 57th Street Chicago, Illinois 60637 U.S.A. Abstract Zoologist. S.B., Earlham College, 1908. S.M., University of Chicago, 1910; Ph.D., 1912. Associate professor of zoology, University of Chicago, 1921-1923, associate professor, 1923-1928, professor, 1928-1950. Dean of the College of Arts, Literature, and Science, University of Chicago, 1924-1926. Secretary of the Department of Zoology, University of Chicago, 1927-1934. Managing editor, Physiological Zoology, 1937-1955. Chair, National Research Council Committee on the Ecology of Animal Populations. Contains personal and professional correspondence, minutes, reports, research notes and notebooks, manuscripts of articles and books by Allee and other zoologists, lectures, and photographs. Includes the 1894 Ph.D. dissertation of Charles Manning Child who taught zoology at the University of Chicago, 1916-1934. Information on Use Access No restrictions. Citation When quoting material from this collection, the preferred citation is: Allee, Warder Clyde. Papers. [Box #, Folder #], Special Collections Research Center, University of Chicago Library Biographical Note Warder Clyde Allee, zoologist, was born June 5, 1885 near Bloomingdale, Indiana. He received the S.B. degree from Earlham College in 1908, and the S.M. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Chicago in 1910 and 1912. Allee worked as an Assistant in Zoology from 1910 to 1912. Between 1912 and 1921 he taught at the University of Illinois, Williams College, University of Oklahoma, Lake Forest College, and the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole, Massachusetts. He returned to the University of Chicago in 1921 as Associate Professor of Zoology, became an Assistant Professor in 1923, and Professor in 1928. In addition, he 3 served as Dean in the College of Arts, Literature, and Science (1924-1926) and Secretary of the Department of Zoology (1927-1934). Upon retirement in 1950, he moved to the University of Florida at Gainesville, where he was Head Professor of Biology until his death in March 1955. Allee was a principal figure in the establishment of ecology as an independent biological subscience. His own work centered on experimental studies of animal aggregations, and the phenomena of subordinance-dominance relationships and cooperation. Allee was interested in applying his work on animal sociology to human conditions, particularly his findings that many species of both lower and higher forms exhibit cooperative tendencies, that individuals in groups have a higher survival rate than those living alone, and that conscious and unconscious cooperative tendencies counterbalance the "peck orders" established by aggression. A spinal tumor caused paralysis which caused Allee to be confined to a wheelchair after 1935. He nevertheless maintained a full schedule of teaching, research and writing. Allee continued to spend summers at the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole, and served as a trustee from 1932 to 1955. Having been on the editorial board of Physiological Zoology, a journal published by the University of Chicago Press, since its founding in 1928, Allee took over as managing editor in 1937 and remained in that position until his death. He also chaired the Committee on the Ecology of Animal Populations of the National Research Council which was established in 1941 to solicit and administer funds for research projects in the field. Besides articles and research monographs, Allee wrote a number of books, including Animal Aggregations: A Study in General Sociology (1931), Animal Life and Social Growth (1932), The Social Life of Animals (1938), Principles of Animal Ecology, co-authored by Alfred E. Emerson, Orlando Park, Thomas Park, and Karl P. Schmidt (1949), and Cooperation among Animals, with Human Implications (1951). Scope Note The papers of Warder Clyde Allee are arranged in four series. Series I, Notebooks and Miscellaneous Papers, contains notebooks Allee kept on experimental research he conducted in the 1920s and in 1952, notes and outlines on the subjects of cooperation among animals and theories of phylogeny, progress reports on revisions of Encyclopaedia Britannica in 1947 (Allee served on the advisory committee for articles in biology), and a record of manuscript submissions for Physiological Zoology, 1947-1955, of which Allee was managing editor. Series II, National Research Council Committee on the Ecology of Animal Populations, includes correspondence, minutes, and reports, 1941-1948, of a committee created at the request of the Rockefeller Foundation to coordinate requests and make recommendations for allocations of research funds for the study of animal populations. Original members of the committee were Allee, who served as its chairman, Robert E. Coker, A. G. Huntsman, Willis H. Johnson, Thomas Park, Lowell J. Reed, and Robert F. Griggs. Organizational meetings were held in 1941 and 1942 to decide how the committee should proceed and to compile information for a priority list of research projects, although efforts to obtain funds were stalled until after the war. 4 Series III, Writings, contains typescripts of a few of Allee's writings: "Concerning the Biology of War;" The Relation of Inbreeding to the Establishment of the Social Order in Flocks of Domestic Birds," co-authored by Nicholas Collias; drafts of three chapters of Principles of Animal Ecology, which Allee co-authored; and an unpublished "Annotated Catalog of Common Invertebrates of the Woods Hole Littoral." Series IV contains zoological papers authored by persons other than Allee, and include drawings and reports by Hammond High School biology students in 1910, research papers by college students, articles and book manuscripts submitted to Allee for editing, and Charles Manning Child's Ph.D. dissertation, completed at the University of Leipzig in 1894. Child was Professor of Zoology at the University of Chicago from 1916 to 1934. Series V is an addenda to Allee's Papers, spanning the years 1896-1980 and divided into four subseries: Lectures, Conferences, and Research Publishers and Books General Correspondence Family and Personal Correspondence Related Resources The following related resources are located in the Department of Special Collections: http://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/spcl/select.html Presidents' Papers Department of Zoology. Records Frank R. Lillie Papers Subject Headings • Allee, W. C. (Warder Clyde), 1885-1955 • Child, Charles Manning, 1869-1954 • National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on the Ecology of Animal Populations • Populations • Animal ecology • Animal populations • Zoology INVENTORY Series I: Notebooks and Miscellaneous Papers 5 Box 1 Folder 1 Cooperation among animals, notes, ca. 1937 Box 1 Folder 2-3 Dogfish studies, observation notes, 1952 Box 1 Folder 4 Encyclopaedia Britannica, production report, 1947 Box 1 Folder 5 Encyclopaedia Britannica, miscellaneous reports, 1947-1949 Box 1 Folder 6 Physiological Zoology, manuscript record, 1947-1955 Box 1 Folder 7 Theories of phylogeny, notes, ca. 1921-1930 Box 1 Folder 8 Research notebook, 1919-1928 Box 2 Folder 1 Research notebook, 1919-1926 Series II: National Research Council Committee on the Ecology of Animal Populations Box 2 Folder 2 Correspondence concerning establishment of Committee, 1941 Box 2 Folder 3 Washington, D.C. meeting, 1941 Box 2 Folder 4 Chicago meeting, 1941-1942 Box 2 Folder 5 Correspondence, 1941-1945 Box 2 Folder 6 Chicago meeting, 1946, and subsequent correspondence, 1946-1948 Series III: Writings Box 2 Folder 7 6 "Concerning the Biology of War," 1940 Box 2 Folder 8 Principles of Animal Ecology, chapter 1, "Introduction," by Karl P. Schmidt, based on drafts by Allee and Thomas Park, 1947 • Folder 9: Principles of Animal Ecology, chapter 17, "Biotic Factors in Relation to Individuals," by Allee and Karl P. Schmidt, 1947 Box 2 Folder 10 Principles of Animal Ecology, chapter 30, "Biome and Biome-Types in World Distribution," by Karl P. Schmidt and Orlando Park, 1947 Box 2 Folder 11 "The Relation of Inbreeding to the Establishment of the Social Order in Flocks of Domestic Birds," by Allee and Nicholas Collias, n.d. Box 2 Folder 12 "Studies in Marine Ecology: II. An Annotated Catalog of Common Invertebrates of the Woods Hole Littoral," 1922 Series IV: Zoology Manuscripts by Other Authors Box 2 Folder 13 Bonnemaison, L., "Contribution à l'étude des facteurs provoquant l'apparition des formes ailàes et sexuées chez les aphidinae," ca. 1950, chapters 1-7 Box 3 Folder 1-2 Bonnemaison, L., chapters 8-end Box 3 Folder 3 Bourliere, F., "Classification and Characteristics of the Principle Types of Social Groupings in Wild Vertebrates" and "Territoriality