See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264545035 A New Species Of The Rhinella Margaritifera Group (Anura: Bufonidae) From Brazilian Pantanal Article in Zootaxa · January 2010 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.193265 CITATIONS READS 17 787 3 authors: Robson Waldemar Ávila Andre Pansonato Universidade Federal do Ceará Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT) 175 PUBLICATIONS 1,456 CITATIONS 27 PUBLICATIONS 265 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Christine Strüssmann Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT) 169 PUBLICATIONS 2,176 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Influence of the land use on amphibian diversity of the open areas. View project Growth patterns of the Vanderhaege’s Toad-headed Turtle (Mesoclemmys vanderhaegei) View project All content following this page was uploaded by Christine Strüssmann on 25 August 2014. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. TERMS OF USE This pdf is provided by Magnolia Press for private/research use. Commercial sale or deposition in a public library or website is prohibited. Zootaxa 2339: 57–68 (2010) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2010 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) A new species of the Rhinella margaritifera group (Anura: Bufonidae) from Brazilian Pantanal ROBSON W. ÁVILA1,4, ANDRÉ PANSONATO2 & CHRISTINE STRÜSSMANN2,.3 1Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Jr., s/nº, CEP 18618- 000, Botucatu, SP, Brazil 2Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, s/nº, CEP 78060-900, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil 3Departamento de Ciências Básicas e Produção Animal, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, s/nº, CEP 78060-900, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil 4Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract We describe adult morphology, advertisement call and some natural history traits of a new species of toad from the Pantanal, western Brazil. Rhinella paraguayensis sp. nov. belongs to the Rhinella margaritifera group, and is characterized by medium size, snout rounded in dorsal view, with a vertical apical ridge, supraorbital crests weakly developed, parietal crest not well developed, postorbital crest prominent, presence of a dorsolateral line of tubercles, tympanum evident, bony protrusions at angle of jaws, absence of vertebral apophyses and of projections on upper eyelids, and parotoid glands small. The new species is distinguished from other species of the group by geographic distribution and by the use of floating mats of vegetation as reproductive site. Key words: morphology, advertisement call, Rhinella margaritifera group, Pantanal Introduction Species of the Rhinella margaritifera group are medium-sized toads, inhabitants of forest leaf litter in Central and South America (Frost 2009). This group remains problematic taxonomically in spite of recent efforts for elucidating the many fuzzy species boundaries. The difficulty lies principally in the cryptic morphological diversity and a lack of diagnostic characteristics for distinguishing the species (Caramaschi & Niemeyer 2003; Caramaschi & Pombal 2006; Fouquet et al. 2007b; Lima et al. 2007). According to Fouquet et al. (2007b) 14 species are currently recognized: R. acutirostris (Spix), R. alata (Thominot), R. castaneotica (Caldwell), R. dapsilis (Myers & Carvalho), R. hoogmoedi Caramaschi & Pombal, R. lescurei Fouquet, Gaucher, Blanc & Velez-Rodriguez, R. magnussoni Lima, Menin & Araújo, R. margaritifera (Laurenti), R. martyi Fouquet, Gaucher, Blanc & Velez-Rodriguez, R. proboscidea (Spix), R. roqueana (Melin),R. sclerocephala (Mijares-Urrutia & Arends), R. scitula (Caramaschi & Niemeyer), and Rhinella stanlaii (Lötters & Köhler). Out of the 14 species, 12 occur in Amazonia, while R. hoogmoedi occurs in the Atlantic forest and R. scitula in gallery forests in the Cerrado (Caramaschi & Niemeyer 2003; Caramaschi & Pombal 2006; Lima et al. 2007). Herein, we describe adults, advertisement calls, and provide information on natural history of a new species belonging to this group and found in the Pantanal, western Brazil. Material and methods We examined 20 specimens housed in the Coleção Zoológica de Vertebrados of the Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso State, Brazil). Specimens in the type-series were collected in the Accepted by M. Vences: 5 Dec. 2009; published: 20 Jan. 2010 57 TERMS OF USE This pdf is provided by Magnolia Press for private/research use. Commercial sale or deposition in a public library or website is prohibited. Parque Nacional do Pantanal, in the extreme southern portion of Poconé municipality, Mato Grosso state, western Brazil. To infer on the distribution of the species, we examined additional specimens housed both in UFMT and in the Coleção Zoológica de Referência do Campus de Corumbá (CEUCH; Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil). Specimens from similar species examined are listed in the Appendix. Measurements in 12 specimens (seven adult males and five adult females) were taken with digital calipers to the nearest 0.1 mm and follow Caramaschi and Pombal (2006). The following measurements were made: SVL (snout-vent length); HL (head length); HW (head width); IND (internarial distance); END (eye to nostril distance); ED (eye diameter); UEW (upper eyelid width); IOD (interorbital distance); POCL (postorbital crest length); HTD (horizontal tympanum diameter); VTD (vertical tympanum diameter); PGL (parotoid gland length); HAL (hand length); THL (thigh length); TL (tibia length); FL (foot length). Vocalizations were recorded with a YOGA EM 9600 microphone and a Sony TCM 50000EV tape recorder. The calls of two males were recorded: two from Poconé municipality in 2001 (holotype, UFMT 7430), and one from Cáceres municipality in March 2002 (UFMT 2112) by Christine Strüssmann. Tape recordings were digitized at 44.1 kHz, resolution of 16 bits (FFT 1024) with Cool Edit 96 (™Syntrillium). Terminology for acoustic parameters follows Martins (2003) and Heyer et al. (1990). Results Rhinella paraguayensis, sp. nov. (Figures 1, 2A,3) Holotype. UFMT 7430, adult male (Figure 1), collected on 15 May 2001 by Christine Strüssmann at “Parque Nacional do Pantanal” (17º51'12”S; 57º24'39”W), Poconé municipality, Mato Grosso state, Brazil. FIGURE 1. Holotype of Rhinella paraguayensis sp. nov. (UFMT 7430): A. dorsal view; B. ventral view; C. profile of head; D. ventral view of right hand; E.ventral view of right foot. 58 · Zootaxa 2339 © 2010 Magnolia Press ÁVILA ET AL. TERMS OF USE This pdf is provided by Magnolia Press for private/research use. Commercial sale or deposition in a public library or website is prohibited. FIGURE 2. A) living male of Rhinella paraguayensis sp. nov. observed at Paraguay river margin in 22 December 2006. Photo by Robson W. Ávila; B) living male of Rhinella scitula collected at Serra da Bodoquena. Photo by Masao Uetanabaro; C) preserved specimens of Rhinella paraguayensis sp. nov. (right) and Rhinella scitula (left). Paratypes. UFMT 4268, 4270 (adult males), UFMT 4272, 4274, 4276 (adult females), 11–12 May 2001, by Tami Mott, Raul Vieira, Christine Strüssmann; UFMT 7145 (adult male) and 7150 (adult female), 11–15 September 2001, by Christine Strüssmann and Vinicius T. Carvalho; UFMT 4269 (adult male) and 4271 (adult female), 27 March 2001, by Rogério Rossi, Ana P. Carmignotto and Mário M. Rollo Junior; UFMT 7056 and 7062 (juveniles), 13–22 September 2001, by Vinicius T. Carvalho, all from the same locality as holotype. UFMT 046 (juvenile), May 1995, by C. Strüssmann and UFMT 171 and 172 (juveniles), 20 August 1982, by J. C. Dalponte from “Base de Pesquisa da Fauna do Pantanal, IBAMA”, km 111 of “Rodovia Transpantaneira" (17°10’S, 57°00”W), Poconé, Mato Grosso state, Brazil. UFMT 2112 (adult male), 02 March 2002, by Christine Strüssmann in Cáceres municipality (15°47’31”S, 57°35’28”), Mato Grosso state, A NEW RHINELLA FROM PANTANAL Zootaxa 2339 © 2010 Magnolia Press · 59 TERMS OF USE This pdf is provided by Magnolia Press for private/research use. Commercial sale or deposition in a public library or website is prohibited. Brazil. UFMT 2103 and 2109 (juveniles), 27 February 2002, by Christine Strüssmann, Vanda L. Ferreira, Marcos A. Carvalho, Marcelo Gordo, Robson W. Ávila and Guilherme Mourão in Cachoeirinha River, Porto Estrela municipality (15°73’48”S, 57°31’90”), Mato Grosso state, Brazil. CEUCH 1851 and 1866 (adult males), 15 May 2005, by Robson W. Ávila, in Baía Vermelha (18°28’27”S, 57°27’08”W), Corumbá municipality, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil. Diagnosis: A medium sized species belonging to the Rhinella margaritifera group based on the following morphological characters: presence of cephalic crests, distinct tympanum and paratoid glands, lateral row of tubercles and dorsal “dead-leaf” pattern (sensu Vélez-Rodrigues 2005; Hoogmoed 1990). Rhinella paraguayensis sp. nov. is characterized by (1) adult males 42.3–52.6 mm SVL , adult females 51–53.3 mm SVL, (2) snout rounded in dorsal and lateral view, with a vertical apical ridge that gives it a nearly mucronate aspect, (3) canthal and antorbital crests not raised, (4) supraorbital crests weakly developed, (5) parietal crest not developed, (6) postorbital crest prominent, (7) vocal slits present in males,