Music Industry Revision Guide MUSICIAN LIVE SOUND TECHNICIAN (1) Carry out sound checks before show (1) Train and practise regularly to keep (2) Choose suitable microphones and equipment instrumental skills to a high standard (3) Position and rig-up microphones (2) Turn up on time and prepared (4) Operate the sound desk during a performance (3) Look after instrument/voice (4) Learn new music for a show (5) Perform at various venues MUSICAL DIRECTOR / Sound Desk CONDUCTOR Performance (1) Unify performers (2) Set tempo and execute clear & Creative performance indications by conducting (3) Give instructions and shape the sound Roles of the ensemble, e.g. orchestra, choir (4) Choose the music and study the scores (5) Relay ideas to performers COMPOSER/ SONG-WRITER (1) Compose music for a TV programme INSTRUMENTAL SUPPORT (2) Write a song for a famous singer (3) Keep to a deadline ROADIE (1) Takes care of instruments (4) Work with the performers to ensure (1) Carry equipment (2) Provides backline technical support for composition/song is at a suitable standard (2) Set up before event a band (5) Check and liaise with employer (whoever (3) Look after equipment (3) Gives advice to band of best equipment commissioned composition) to make sure (4) Pack away after event (4) Fixes broken guitar strings or other the music fits what is asked equipment during a show MASTERING ENGINEER: SESSION MUSICIAN (1) Does the final edit (changes) of the recording (1) Turn up on time creating the final ‘master’ version (2) Rehearse the given music and keep (2) Refine the sound quality to create an instrumental skills high appealing sound that people want to buy (3) Follow instructions given by the (3) Prepare the audio in the required format such producer / conductor / director or the as MP3 band/artist themselves (4) Contribute creative ideas to the arraignment and recording STUDIO PERSONNEL: Recording Sound engineer, Assistant engineer, technical manager, technical support These are musicians hired by a studio to Studio Roles perform in a recording, but are not a (1) Instals, maintains and repairs recording member of the band/artist equipment (2) Helps carry out sound checks prior to a recording session (3) Assists in recording instruments RECORD PRODUCER (1) Oversee the entire process of recording a song (2) Contribute creative ideas to the artists and STUDIO MANAGER: engineers (3) Schedule recording times (1) Administrative control of the recording studio’s operations (4) Liaise with sound engineers and mastering (2) Schedule recording times and liaise with the potential clients engineers to ensure they understand what is who want to use the studio required (3) Employ staff within the studio. e.g.: record producer, (5) Controls the recording budget and finances mastering engineers, sound engineers, technical support…. (6) Check that samples have the required licences (4) Handles the promotion and marketing of a studio and are not in breach of copyright (5) Ensure all equipment health and safety is up to date ARTIST MANAGER VENUE MANAGER (1) Represent the band / artist’s interests (1) Ensure all services at the venue are open and fully (2) Organise and confirm show dates functioning during opening hours (3) Liaise (contact) record companies (labels) to (2) Check health and safety is up to date try and get a contract for the band (3) Book the artists and bands to perform shows (4) Assist with arranging studio recording time (4) Assist in the preparation of shows and oversee (5) Lifestyle coach (support) for the band / the entire process of putting on a show artist (5) Give consistent and excellent level of of service (6) Arrange and exploit marketing opportunities (7) Develop the band and assist in progressing their careers MARKETING Management (1) Design and implement marketing strategies (2) Gather prices for advertisement and & Promotion promotions (3) Design promotional events and giveaways Roles (4) Arrange sponsorship (5) Have a radio / TV campaign for the band ARTIST & REPETOIRE (6) Create the artist / band’s image / brand (A & R) (1) Scout new talent PROMOTER (2) Sign to record label (3) Oversee entire process from signing a (1) Work alongside venues to arrange a show recording contract to recording and (2) Publicise a show to the correct target audience releasing a song (3) Ensure maximum publicity and audience numbers (4) Find songs appropriate for the artist/ (4) In charge of ‘putting on a show’ band (5) Work and liaise with the band’s artist manager (5) Develop the artist / band as they mature (6) Promote the event through advertisement MUSIC JOURNALIST / BLOGGER BROADCASTER (1) Write reviews about an artist’s performance or album (1) Interview artists and bands on their shows (2) Attend show, concerts and events (2) Select music for shows TV and radio (3) Listen to CD’s, online music and new talent (3) Present music shows and discuss music trends (4) Writing articles and biographies (4) Make sure the chosen music is suitable for (5) Play an important in gaining a fan base for a band target audience These jobs play an important role in publicising music Media & Other Job Roles RETAIL & DISTRIBUTION (1) Selling products in shops, stores and online (2) Moving CD’s from warehouses to retail outlets, SOFTWARE PROGRAMMER / APP selling via mail order and online DEVELOPER (3) Sign contracts with record labels in order to gain permission to sale the record label’s (1) Writing and/or coding software products such as apps, product (recordings) programs, packages, files and podcasts. e.g.: Logic,, Sibelius…. (4) Take a cut (royalties) from each sale (2) Writing music packages for streaming and online distribution. (5) These are how music gets into shops or online e.g.: spotify, iTunes…. platforms such as Spotify and iTunes ★These own the copyright for the composition / songs Publishing ★Work on behalf of composers Companies ★Ensure composers / songwriters receive payment when their PUBLISHINGPUBLISHING work is TheseusedThese own commerciallyown the the copyright copyright for for the the compositions compositions / / songwriting songwriting COMPANIESCOMPANIES EnsureEnsure composers composers / / songwriters songwriters receive receive payment payment when when their their work work is is used used commercially commercially MAJOR PUBLISHING COMPANIES SELF PUBLISHING (ONLINE) MAJORMAJOR PUBLISHINGPUBLISHING COMPANIESCOMPANIES SELF SELF PUBLISHING PUBLISHING Lots of contacts so good distribution of Don’t need to go through an agent compositions (more likely for compositions to get Good Good distribution distribution - - increases increases sales sales Music canThisThis be is is sentdone done directly online online using usingto the social social artist media media / band used) - increased sales PROSPROS Payment Payment often often upfront upfront before before music music has has been been sold sold You have more control over the editing process Payment often upfront before music has been sold Don’t Don’t need need to to go go through through an an agent agent Marketing Marketing and and promotion promotion May cater for a specific genre Excellent marketing and promotion Can Can send send your your work work directly directly to to artist artist Can be a stepping stone into a larger company You You are are more more in in control control of of the the editing editing process process Often have to be signed through an agent Keep May Maymore cater cater of thefor for profita aspecific specific from different differentthe song genre genre Often Often have have to to be be signed signed through through an an agent agent Large companies have lots of other composers - Can Can be be a astepping stepping stone stone into into a alarger larger company company Harder Harder to to have have work work published published when when the the company company is is CONSCONS harder to have your own work published No payment upfront - may not negotiate a good deal largelarge with with lots lots of of other other composers composers / / songwriters songwriters Publishing company will take a cut of the earnings Less marketing and promotion - song may not get They They will will edit edit your your work work more more - -you you have have less less control control used - less sales potentially They will edit your work - you have less control! Less Less pay pay Less opportunities for your work to be distributed Less Less marketing marketing and and promotion promotion TheThe business businessbusiness of ofof music musicmusic publishing publishing publishing is is concerned isconcerned concerned with with with developing, developing, developing, protecting protecting Less Less opportunities opportunities for for your your work work to to be be andand valuing valuing music. music. Music Music publishers publishers play play a a vital vital role role in in the the development development of of protecting and valuing music. 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