Dicranum Hedw

Dicranum Hedw

Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/28984 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation Author: Lang, Annick Séverine Title: Phylogeny and species delimitation within the moss genus Dicranum Hedw. Issue Date: 2014-10-08 &KDSWHU '1$EDUFRGLQJRI$UFWLFEU\RSK\WHV²DQH[DPSOHIURP WKHPRVVJHQXVDicranum 'LFUDQDFHDH%U\RSK\WD $6/DQJ+ -' .UXLMHU 06WHFK 3XEOLVKHGLQ3RODU%LRORJ\ ABSTRACT 7KHLGHQWLÀFDWLRQRIEU\RSK\WHVIURPWKH$UFWLFLVRIWHQGLIÀFXOWGXHWRGHYLDWLQJPRUSKRORJLHV XQGHUWKHH[WUHPHHQYLURQPHQWDOFRQGLWLRQV7KLVLVHVSHFLDOO\WUXHIRUVSHFLHVULFKDQGWD[RQRPLFDOO\ FRPSOH[JHQHUDVXFKDVWKHPRVVJHQXVDicranum'1$EDUFRGLQJLVH[SHFWHGWRLPSURYHWKH LGHQWLÀFDWLRQRI$UFWLFEU\RSK\WHVSHFLHVEXWWKHRSWLPDOFRPELQDWLRQRIEDUFRGLQJPDUNHUVIRU Chapter 4 PRVVHVLQJHQHUDOHVSHFLDOO\IRUGHOLPLWLQJFORVHO\UHODWHGVSHFLHVLVVWLOOXQGHUGLVFXVVLRQ,QWKLV SDSHUZHWHVWWKHGLVFULPLQDWLRQFDSDFLW\RIVL[SRWHQWLDOEDUFRGHPDUNHUV rps4trnTUGUtrnL8$$ trnF*$$trnHGUGpsbArps19rpl2 rpoB, QU,766,76 EDVHGRQSK\ORJHQHWLFUHFRQVWUXFWLRQV RIDicranumVDPSOHVIURP6SLWVEHUJHQ 6YDOEDUG1RUZD\ DQGUHIHUHQFHVDPSOHVIURPDOO ten DicranumVSHFLHVFRQÀUPHGIRUWKH6YDOEDUGDUFKLSHODJRDQGVL[DGGLWLRQDO$UFWLFDicranum VSHFLHV$OOVSHFLHV SRVVLEO\H[FHSWD. fuscescens ZHUHGLVWLQJXLVKDEOHZLWKERRWVWUDSVXSSRUW !EDVHGRQWKHFRPELQHGVHTXHQFHGDWDEXWQRQHRIWKHLQGLYLGXDOPDUNHUVFRXOGGHOLPLWDOO LQFOXGHGVSHFLHV$OO6YDOEDUGFROOHFWLRQVFRXOGEHUHDGLO\DVVLJQHGWRÀYHVSHFLHVD. acutifolium D. elongatum D. laevidens D. majus DQG D. spadiceum UHVSHFWLYHO\ ,W LV FRQFOXGHG WKDW '1$ EDUFRGLQJ LPSURYHV VSHFLHV LGHQWLÀFDWLRQ RI $UFWLF Dicranum SODQWV EXW WKDW D FRPELQDWLRQ RI VHYHUDOPDUNHUVLVQHFHVVDU\LQRUGHUWRREWDLQUHOLDEOHLGHQWLÀFDWLRQUHVXOWVZLWKWKHVLQJOHORFL ,76trnLFDQGrps4trnTEHLQJWKHPRVWSURPLVLQJUHJLRQV. INTRODUCTION %U\RSK\WHVFRPSULVHWKUHHGLIIHUHQWSK\ORJHQHWLFOLQHDJHVRIODQGSODQWVQDPHO\OLYHUZRUWV KRUQZRUWVDQGPRVVHV HJ4LXet al. 2IWKHVHOLYHUZRUWVDQGPRVVHVSOD\DQHVVHQWLDO UROHLQ$UFWLFWHUUHVWULDOHFRV\VWHPVDQGFRQVWLWXWHDPDMRUFRPSRQHQWRIGLIIHUHQWW\SHVRIWXQGUD YHJHWDWLRQ HJ&DOODJKDQet al./DQJet al/RQJWRQ 7KH$UFWLFEU\RÁRUD FRPSULVHV D FRQVLGHUDEOH GLYHUVLW\ RI DSSUR[LPDWHO\ VSHFLHV /RQJWRQ )ULVYROO (OYHEDNN$IRQLQD &]HUQ\DGMHYD.RQVWDQWLQRYD 3RWHPNLQ 37 %U\RSK\WHVHVSHFLDOO\PRVVHVKDYHEHHQZLGHO\HPSOR\HGLQVWXGLHVRIHFRV\VWHPSURFHVVHV DQG RUJDQLVPDO LQWHUDFWLRQV LQ VXE $UFWLF HQYLURQPHQWV HJ $OVRV et al. *RUGRQ et al. *RUQDOOet al.-DVPLQet al..UDEet al.YDQGHU:DO %URRNHU 7KH$UFWLFKDVEHHQGLYLGHGLQWRELRFOLPDWLFUHJLRQVZKHUHWKH+LJK$UFWLFLVFKDUDFWHUL]HGE\ DQ RSHQ KHUEDFHRXV YHJHWDWLRQ ZLWK VRPH GZDUIVKUXEV RQ PLQHUDO VRLOV ZKLOH WKH /RZ $UFWLF JHQHUDOO\FRQVLVWVRIDFORVHUKHUEDFHRXVYHJHWDWLRQFRPSRVHGRIGZDUIDQGORZVKUXEVRQSHDW ULFKVRLOV :DONHUet al. %LRGLYHUVLW\EDVHGLQYHVWLJDWLRQVRI$UFWLFHFRV\VWHPSURFHVVHV KRZHYHUDUHVWLOOVHYHUHO\KDPSHUHGE\LQVXIÀFLHQWNQRZOHGJHRIEU\RSK\WHWD[RQRP\DQGE\ WKHDELOLW\RIVSHFLHVUHFRJQLWLRQEDVHGRQPRUSKRORJLFDOFKDUDFWHUV,QUHVSRQVHWRWKHH[WUHPH HQYLURQPHQWDO FRQGLWLRQV EU\RSK\WHV GLVSOD\ XQXVXDO JURZWK IRUPV DQG GHYLDQW JDPHWRSK\WLF FKDUDFWHUVLQWKH +LJK $UFWLF7KLVSODVWLFLW\PDNHVPRUSKRORJLFDOLGHQWLÀFDWLRQWRVSHFLHVOHYHO GLIÀFXOWRUHYHQLPSRVVLEOH HJ%XU\RYi 6KDZ)ULVYROO (OYHEDNN+HVVHet al. 7KLVLVHVSHFLDOO\WUXHIRUVSHFLHVULFKDQGWD[RQRPLFDOO\FRPSOH[JHQHUDVXFKDVBryum +HGZDicranum+HGZDQGSchistidium%ULG HJ6WHHUH+HVVHet al. &RQVHTXHQWO\ HFRORJLFDO VWXGLHV KDYH ODUJHO\ EHHQ OLPLWHG WR D IHZ HDVLO\ GLVWLQJXLVKDEOH VSHFLHV RU JHQXV OHYHOLGHQWLÀFDWLRQV HJ2NLWVXet al. RUWUHDWHGEU\RSK\WHVDVDVLQJOHFDWHJRU\ZLWKRXW GLVWLQFWLRQRIVSHFLHV HJYDQGHU:DOet al. 6RPHWLPHVEU\RSK\WHVDUHHYHQJURXSHGZLWK OLFKHQVDQGIXQJLDVWKHRXWGDWHGJURXSRI¶FU\SWRJDPV· HJ+XGVRQ +HQU\:DKUHQet al.(SVWHLQet al. 7KHGHYHORSPHQWRIQHZLGHQWLÀFDWLRQWRROVWRWUHDWEU\RSK\WHVLQD PRUHFRPSUHKHQVLYHZD\ZRXOGVXUHO\LQFUHDVHWKHVLJQLÀFDQFHRIHFRORJLFDOVWXGLHVLQWKH +LJK $UFWLFHVSHFLDOO\ZLWKUHVSHFWWRWKHSRWHQWLDORIEU\RSK\WHVIRULQYHVWLJDWLQJWKHLPSDFWRIJOREDO FOLPDWHFKDQJH 7XEDet al. '1$ EDUFRGLQJ LV D PROHFXODU WRRO IRU VSHFLHV LGHQWLÀFDWLRQ EDVHG RQ VSHFLHVVSHFLÀF Chapter 4 VHTXHQFHGLIIHUHQFHVLQDVKRUWVWDQGDUGL]HG'1$UHJLRQ,QFRQWUDVWWRWKLVRULJLQDOLGHDKRZHYHU EDUFRGLQJ LQ ODQG SODQWV LQFOXGLQJ EU\RSK\WHV LV VXSSRVHG WR EH EDVHG RQ RQH RU WZR FRUH PDUNHUVSOXVDGGLWLRQDOLQIRUPDWLRQIURPRWKHU'1$UHJLRQVZKHUHQHFHVVDU\ HJ+ROOLQJVZRUWK et al ,QEU\RSK\WHVHVSHFLDOO\PRVVHVWKHSODVWLGPDUNHUVUHFHQWO\SURSRVHGIRU EDUFRGLQJRIODQGSODQWV &%2/3ODQW:RUNLQJ*URXS.UHVVet al HLWKHUWHQGWREH VKRUW psbA-trnHVSDFHU6WHFK )UH\6WHFK 4XDQGW KDYHGLIIHUHQWGLVFULPLQDWLRQ FDSDFLW\DWWKHVSHFLHVOHYHO rbcL/LXet al6WHFK 4XDQGW RUQHHGPRUHVWXG\ FRQFHUQLQJSULPHUGHVLJQDQGDPSOLÀFDWLRQVWUDWHJ\ trnK/matKHJ%HOOet al. $OWKRXJK WKHRSWLPDOFRPELQDWLRQRIEDUFRGLQJPDUNHUVIRUEU\RSK\WHVLVVWLOOXQGHUGLVFXVVLRQ HJ/LXet al%HOOet al.+DVVHOet al.6WHFKet al. VHYHUDORWKHUPROHFXODU PDUNHUVKDYHDOUHDG\VKRZQWREHXVHIXOIRULQIHUULQJVSHFLHVGHOLPLWDWLRQVDQGLGHQWLI\LQJVSHFLHV LQEU\RSK\WHV HJ%HOOet aOYRQ&UlXWOHLQet al.'UDSHU +HGHQlV6WHFKet al. Dicranum 'LFUDQDFHDH LVDODUJHJHQXVEHORQJLQJWRWKHVHFRQGODUJHVWVXEFODVVRIPRVVHV 'LFUDQLGDH,WFRPSULVHVFDVSHFLHVHVVHQWLDOO\IRXQGLQWKH+RODUFWLF &URVE\et al.,UHODQG LQFOXGLQJDERXWVSHFLHVLQWKHERUHRDUFWLFUHJLRQRIZKLFKWHQVSHFLHVZHUHDFFHSWHG IRU6YDOEDUG )ULVYROO (OYHEDNN 6HYHUDODicranumVSHFLHVVKRZDKLJKPRUSKRORJLFDO YDULDELOLW\ +HGHQlV %LVDQJ+HGHQlVet al.6PLWK/DQJ 6WHFK ZKLFKUHQGHUVWKHLULGHQWLÀFDWLRQFKDOOHQJLQJLQSDUWLFXODULQSODQWV +HGHQlVet alSHUV REV 3UHYLRXV SK\ORJHQHWLF VWXGLHV UHYHDOHG ORZ VHTXHQFH GLYHUJHQFH LQ FRPPRQO\ HPSOR\HG SODVWLGPDUNHUV /D)DUJHet al6WHFKet al. 7KHQXFOHDUULERVRPDO,76UHJLRQDOORZHG - / - PA29 Holomitrium crispulum 100/ 100 100/ 100 PA17a 91/ 20 PA18 PA17b Holomitrium arboreum Dic_1666 - / - Dic_1667 78/ - Dic_1671b Dic_1669 Dic_1665 99/ 94 Dic_1673 100/ 100 Dic_1645 Dic_1654 Dic_1659 D. spadiceum Dic_1671c Dic_1670 Dic_1668 Dic_1677 Is_9 Is_8 Is_5 100/ 100 Is_7 100/ 100 SE_10 D. groenlandicum Dfus7 79/ 79 D. fuscescens 80/ 71 Dfus6 90/ 74 100/ 100 PT_2 PT_3 D. scottianum 89/ - 100/ 100 NO_4 D. fuscescens Dfl 77/ - Alk_5 - / - Alk_6 83/ 66 82/ 75 Alk_4 D. !exicaule Alk_7 90/ - Alk_3 71/ - Alk_2 Dta_3 100/ 100 Dta 100/ 100 D. tauricum 90/ 77 Dta_4 99/ 89 Dta_2 92/ - Dif D. fragilifolium Dic_1650 89/ - Del Dic_1646 94/ 97 D. elongatum Dic_1675 98/ 98 Dic_1648 Dic_1655 Dic_1662 Dic_1663 76/ 73 Dic_1653 80/ 80 Dic_1652 D. laevidens 87/ - Chapter 4 94/ 89 SE_6 Dic_1651 Dic_1672 100/ 93 Aleu_2 Ru_1 100/ 100 Dspa D. majus Dic_1664 -/ - 83/ 84 Attu_1 Alk_1 SE_4 96/ 95 SE_31 97/ 96 SE_25 D. angustum 93/ 86 SE_27 SE_22 96/ 83 SE_15 D. brevifolium 71/ - CH1 82/ - Dac -/ 70 Dic_1644 78/ - Dic_1676 D. acutifolium Dic_1649 Dic_1661 Dic_1660 88 / - 71/ - 89/ - 75/ - FR 3 FR_2 85/ 85 FR_4 D. bonjeanii 79/ 83 Nkp_1011 Vx_20314 - / - 100 /97 100/ 97 80/ - 100/ 100 SE_38 100/ 100 SE_32 D. leioneuron 83/ - SE_33 91/ 79 96/ 96 Ch_1011 SE_2 76/ 82 99/ 100 87/ 88 Is_2 D. scoparium Dma SE_1 0.01 Is_1 FIG. 1. 6LQJOH RSWLPDO PD[LPXP OLNHOLKRRG SK\ORJHQHWLF UHFRQVWUXFWLRQ LQIHUUHG IURP FRPELQHG FKORURSODVW DQG QU,76 VHTXHQFH GDWD RI Dicranum VSHFLHV LQFOXGLQJ LQGHOV FRGHG E\ VLPSOH LQGHO FRGLQJ 6,& )RXU VSHFLPHQV RI Holomitrium ZHUH XVHG DV RXWJURXS UHSUHVHQWDWLYHVDQGQDPHVLQEROGUHSUHVHQWWKHUHIHUHQFHVDPSOHV1XPEHUVDERYHEUDQFKHVLQGLFDWH03ERRWVWUDSVXSSRUWDQGQXPEHUV EHORZWKHEUDQFKLQGLFDWH0/ERRWVWUDSVXSSRUWZLWKDQGZLWKRXWLQGHOV%UDQFKOHQJWKVDUHWRVFDOHH[FHSWWKRVHLQGLFDWHGE\WKHV\PERO ´µ VKRUWHQHGWLPHV PA29 - / - Holomitrium crispulum 100/ 100 97/ 98 PA18 45/ 46 PA17b Holomitrium arboreum PA17a SE_10 D. groenlandicum Ru_1 100/ 97 Aleu_2 99/ 98 Alk_1 D. majus Attu_1 Dic_1664 82/ - Nkp_1011 88/ 73 Vx_20314 FR_3 D. bonjeanii - / - FR_2 FR_4 86/ 79 80/ - 81/ 79 100/ 99 SE_32 100/ 99 SE_33 D. leioneuron 84/ 75 SE_38 84/ 80 Ch_1011 100/ 100 Is_2 100/ 100 SE_2 D. scoparium - / - - / - Is_1 71/ 77 71/ 71 SE_1 CH1 SE_15 D. brevifolium 71/ 72 77/ 72 Dic_1660 73/ - Dac 87/ - Dic_1644 D. acutifolium Dic_1661 - / - Dic_1649 83/ - Dic_1676 100/ 100 SE_4 100/ 100 -/ - SE_25 75/ 72 SE_31 D. angustum SE_22 SE_27 Dic 1653 Dic_1652 Dic_1662 Dic_1663 D. laevidens SE_6 Dic _1651 Dic_1672 Dif 77/ 85 D. fragilifolium Dic_1650 76 / 72 92/ 88 Dic_1648 94/ 93 Del Chapter 4 D. elongatum Dic_1675 Dic_1646 NO_4 73/ 82 Dfus7 D. fuscescens 75/ 73 86/ 86 Dfus6 - / - 100/ 100 PT_3 - / - 100/ 100 PT_2 D. scottianum 73/ 72 Dfl Alk_5 - /70 - / - Alk_2 Alk_7 D. !exicaule Alk_6 Alk_4 Alk_3 Dta 99/ 100 Dta_3 100/ 100 77/ - D. tauricum 78/ - - / - Dta_4 86/ - Dta_2 Dic_1670 99/ 94 Dic_1671c 98/ 94 Is_8 Dic_1668 Dic_1665 Dic_1645 Dic_1659 Dic_1671b Dic_1666 D. spadiceum Is_7 Is_5 Dic_1677 Dic_1667 Is_9 Dic_1669 Dic_1654 0.01 Dic_1673 FIG. 2.6LQJOHRSWLPDOPD[LPXPOLNHOLKRRGSK\ORJHQHWLFUHFRQVWUXFWLRQLQIHUUHGIURPFKORURSODVWVHTXHQFHGDWDRIDicranumVSHFLHV LQFOXGLQJLQGHOVFRGHGE\VLPSOHLQGHOFRGLQJ 6,& )RXUVSHFLPHQVRIHolomitriumZHUHXVHGDVRXWJURXSUHSUHVHQWDWLYHVDQGQDPHVLQ EROGUHSUHVHQWWKHUHIHUHQFHVDPSOHV1XPEHUVDERYHEUDQFKHVLQGLFDWH03ERRWVWUDSVXSSRUWDQGQXPEHUVEHORZWKHEUDQFKLQGLFDWH0/ ERRWVWUDSVXSSRUWZLWKDQGZLWKRXWLQGHOV PA29 - / - Holomitrium crispulum 100/ 100 100/ 100 PA17a 100/ 100 PA18 Holomitrium arboreum PA17b SE 6 86/ - Dic_1663 96/ - Dic_1662 Dic_1653 Dic_1651 D. laevidens 100/ 100 Dic_1672 100/ 100 Dic_1652 Dic_1655 SE_10 D. groenlandicum 80/ - Dfus6 72/ - D. fuscescens PT_2 86/ - PT_3 D. scottianum 90/ 86 Dfus7 D. fuscescens 71/ - Alk_2 - / - NO_4 D. fuscescens Alk_4 94/ - Alk_7 95/ 86 D. !exicaule Alk_6 Alk_3 Alk_5 Dfl Dic_1666 Dic_1667 Dic_1671b Dic_1669 99/ 98 Dic_1665 92/ 100 Dic_1645 Dic_1673 Dic_1659 D. spadiceum Dic_1654 Dic_1677 Dic_1671c Is_9 Is_8 Is_5 Is_7 Dta_3 - / - Dta Dta_2 D. tauricum 95/ - Dta_4 Dif D. fragilifolium Dic_1650 Dic_1646 D. elongatum Chapter 4 Dic_1675 Del Aleu_2 77/ - Ru_1 81/ -

View Full Text

Details

  • File Type
    pdf
  • Upload Time
    -
  • Content Languages
    English
  • Upload User
    Anonymous/Not logged-in
  • File Pages
    17 Page
  • File Size
    -

Download

Channel Download Status
Express Download Enable

Copyright

We respect the copyrights and intellectual property rights of all users. All uploaded documents are either original works of the uploader or authorized works of the rightful owners.

  • Not to be reproduced or distributed without explicit permission.
  • Not used for commercial purposes outside of approved use cases.
  • Not used to infringe on the rights of the original creators.
  • If you believe any content infringes your copyright, please contact us immediately.

Support

For help with questions, suggestions, or problems, please contact us