Department of Earth Sciences City College of San Francisco Professor Katryn Wiese Oceanography 1 LAB Spring 2021 Manual Oceanography 1 Lab Manual Author: Katryn Wiese Manual Produced By Katryn Wiese (send edits/comments to [email protected]) Cover image from Pillar Point Tidepooling Fieldtrip. Unless otherwise stated, all images in this manual were produced and copyright is held by Katryn Wiese. COPYRIGHT FOR COMPLETE MANUAL: Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial- Share Alike 3.0 Table of Contents Measurements – Numbers and Angles ................................................................................................................................ 3 Measurements – Prereading Exercises ................................................................................................................................... 5 Measurements – Lab Exercises ............................................................................................................................................... 6 Weekly Reflection ................................................................................................................................................................. 11 Measurements Review Practice Sheet .................................................................................................................................. 12 Latitude, Longitude, & Compasses ..................................................................................................................................... 15 Latitude, Longitude, & Compasses – Prereading Exercises ................................................................................................... 20 Latitude, Longitude, & Compasses – Lab Exercises ............................................................................................................... 21 Weekly Reflection ................................................................................................................................................................. 24 Latitude, Longitude, & Compasses Practice Sheet ................................................................................................................ 25 Nautical Charts: Bathymetry .............................................................................................................................................. 29 Nautical Charts: Bathymetry – Prereading Exercises ............................................................................................................ 34 Nautical Charts: Bathymetry – Lab Exercises ........................................................................................................................ 35 Weekly Reflection ................................................................................................................................................................. 41 Nautical Charts: Bathymetry Practice Sheet ......................................................................................................................... 42 Marine Rocks & Sediments ................................................................................................................................................ 47 Marine Rocks & Sediments – Prereading Exercises .............................................................................................................. 50 Marine Rocks & Sediments – Lab Exercises .......................................................................................................................... 53 Weekly Reflection ................................................................................................................................................................. 55 Marine Rocks & Sediments Practice Sheet ........................................................................................................................... 56 San Francisco Bay Seawater Chemistry .............................................................................................................................. 61 San Francisco Bay & Seawater Chemistry – Prereading Exercises ........................................................................................ 69 San Francisco Bay & Seawater Chemistry – Lab Exercises .................................................................................................... 70 Weekly Reflection ................................................................................................................................................................. 89 San Francisco Bay Seawater Chemistry Practice Sheet ......................................................................................................... 90 Deep Sea Chemistry ........................................................................................................................................................... 93 Deep Sea Chemistry – Prereading Exercises ....................................................................................................................... 100 Deep Sea Chemistry – Lab Exercises ................................................................................................................................... 101 OPTIONAL EXTRA: Investigating Vent Microhabitats: Winogradsky Column .................................................................... 107 Weekly Reflection ............................................................................................................................................................... 108 Deep Sea Chemistry Practice Sheet .................................................................................................................................... 109 Global Climate Change .................................................................................................................................................... 113 Global Climate Change – Prereading Exercises ................................................................................................................... 115 Global Climate Change – Lab Exercises ............................................................................................................................... 116 Weekly Reflection ............................................................................................................................................................... 125 El Nino & Coastal Upwelling ............................................................................................................................................ 127 El Nino & Coastal Upwelling – Prereading Exercises ........................................................................................................... 134 El Nino & Coastal Upwelling – Lab Exercises ....................................................................................................................... 135 Weekly Reflection ............................................................................................................................................................... 145 El Nino & Coastal Upwelling Practice Sheet ........................................................................................................................ 146 Beach Materials ............................................................................................................................................................... 151 Beach Materials – Prereading Exercises ............................................................................................................................. 155 Beach Materials – Lab Exercises ......................................................................................................................................... 156 Weekly Reflection ............................................................................................................................................................... 161 Beach Materials Practice Sheet .......................................................................................................................................... 162 San Francisco Bay Coastal Processes Field Trip ................................................................................................................ 165 San Francisco Bay Coastal Processes – Prereading Exercises ............................................................................................. 172 San Francisco Coastal Processes Field Trip ......................................................................................................................... 175 Page 1 Weekly Reflection ............................................................................................................................................................... 177 San Francisco Bay Coastal Processes Practice Sheet .......................................................................................................... 178 Taxonomic Classification of A SUBSET OF Marine Organisms .......................................................................................... 181 Plankton .......................................................................................................................................................................... 185 Plankton – Prereading Exercises ......................................................................................................................................... 196 Plankton – Lab Exercises ....................................................................................................................................................