DOCUMENT RESUME ED 070 222 24 EC 050 266 AUTHOR Kafafian, Haig TITLE Study of Man-Machine Communications Systems for the Handicapped. Volume III. Final Report. INSTITUTION Cybernetics Research Inst., Inc., Washington, D.C. SPONS AGENCY Bureau of Education for the Handicapped (DREW /OE), Washington, D.C. BUREAU NO BR-7-0533 PUB DATE 19 Jun 71 GRANT OEG-2-7-070533-4237 NOTE 281p. EDRS PRICE MF-$0.65 HC-$9.87 DESCRIPTORS *Communication Skills; *Cybernetics; *Electromechanical Aids; Equipment; *Exceptional Child Research; *Handicapped Children; Language Ability; Typewriting ABSTRACT The report describes a series of studies conducted to determine the extent to which severly handicapped students who were able to comprehend language and language structure but who were not able to write or type could communicate using various man-machine systems. Included among the systems tested were specialized electric typewriting machines, a portable telephone communications system for the deaf and/or speech handicapped, and a punctiform tactile communications system for the blind. Reported upon are pilot studies in the instruction of handicapped students at field centers, the development of screening procedures to determine latent reading ability, development of assessment procedures and forms, the use of phonemes of the Armenian language for punctographic codes used by the visually handicapped, a word and picture communications system, and other variations of man-machine communication systems. Numerous photographs illustrate the equipment described. Appendixes contain field center data, experimental studies, instructional procedures and programs, and handwriting and typing samples. (See EC 030 060, EC 050 267-050 270 for related reports.) (KW) 11II1_, h 111 !! i; il .1 Q.) /:1 t v (1. F...)) II' -11 1N1 A tg i; V«))11.. 1111111 1.Q (.:;11.:vc.D11-11-, (-,,f 11 ,,, _,,,,t t ,L 1' t1' v NI f i):;./:,. `,:..3,. '11i...11.',11' 'L )) .: .'hlr..).. J1. cl..11. L 0 ,' a CIRIIFinal Report Project No.18-2003 and No.7-0533 Grant No. OEG 2-7-070533-4237 rSTUDY OF MAN-MACHINE COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS FOR THE HANDICAPPED VOLUME Ill HAIG KAFAFIAN "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BYCYBERNETICS RESEARCH INSTITUTE TO ERIC AND ORGANIZATIONS OPERATING UNDER AGREEMENTS WITH THE U.S. OFFICE OF EDUCATION. FURTHER REPRODUCTION OUTSIDE THE ERIC SYSTEM ICJ:WIRES PERMISSION OF THE COPYRIGHT OWNER." CYBERNETICS RESEARCH INSTITUTE June 19, 1971 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION BUREAU OF EDUCATION FOR THE HANDICAPPED A****..91111 ...thi4 L4 an i'mpotant wokk that we do, not just 4ok the handicapped childkenwe sekve and theik pakents, and not just 4ok the teacheks who co,itC pakticipate in it. But, it £4 impoktant wokk {ion att o4 theUnited States because at teast, in pant, it hetps pnomo.te this undekstanding o4 equatity. Be(au4e it hetp4 (Let Amenican citizens to undek- 4tand the intk,:nsi.c nature ob man and that his worth 4,6 not dependent on wilethet his akm4 and teg4 worth .the same as a non-handicappn4 pekson's akms and tegs worth. On whether he's as abte to quirkey gkaspakithmetic on /Leading, on whethek his skin Ls btack on white. What £4 £M- pottant £4 that he Ls a human being and that under our sys- tem hi4 humanity must be nesponded to. your e660ht4 to bhing the kight to Leann to your chitdken are the e44okt4 which wite stkengthen the chakactek 06 our nation. And 40, do not hesitate to ctaim that night. Do not 4e.e.e your purposes are setiiish. They sekve every man..." Martin. Excerpt from apaper "The Right to Learn" for the 8th AnnualInternational Conference of the Association for Children with Learning Disabilities, Chicago, Illinois, March, 1971, by Dr. Edwin W. Martin, Associate Commissioner, Bureau of Education for the Handicapped, U.S. Office of Edu- cation, Departmentof Health, Education and Welfare. Permission to coproduce, in whole or in part, in any form, is granted for any purpose of the United States Government, providedthatthe appropriate copyright notice is applied thereto (except by reviewers for the public press). Copyright on these materials is claimed only during the period of development, testand evaluation, unless authorizationis granted by the U.S. Office of Education to claim copyright also on the final materials. For information on the status of the copyright claim, contact either the copyright proprietor or the U.S. Office of Education. Copyright ©1973 by Cybernetics Research Institute Inc. 2233 Wisconsin Ave., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20007, Tel. 202-333-4112. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 70-180731 Printed in the United States of America Cybeknetic4 Reseakch InstitutL C11311 FinalReport Project No. 18-2003 and No.7-0533 Grant No. OEG2-7-07 0 5 33 -4237 STUDY OF MAN-MACHINE COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS FOR THE HANDICAPPED VOLUME DI HAIG KAF.AFIAN CYBERNETICS RESEARCH INSTITUTE Washington, D. C. The research reported herein was performed pursuant to a grant with the OFFICE OF EDUCATION, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCA- TION, AND WELFARE. Grantees undertaking such projects under Govern- ment sponsorship are encouraged to express freelytheir professional judgment in the; conduct of the project. Points of view or opinions stated do not, therefore, necessarily represent official OFFICE OF EDUCATION position or policy. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION BUREAU OF EDUCATION FOR THE HANDICAPPED "Responsible and clear thinking national leaders have long recognized that a society has the moral duty to care for its handicapped individuals, be they physically or intellectually disabled. The recognition of this duty can be traced from antiquity as evidenced by the following account:' "During the pontificate of St. Nerses the Great. descendant of St. Gregory the Illuminator and Katholikos of Armenia from 353 to 373 A.D., a vast network of hospices. hospitals. and schools dotted the landscape of Armenia. Immediately on accession. Katholikos St. Nerses '... directed that in every province, every canton, and every corner of theterritory of Armenia the most suitable places be selectedto construct hospices for the indigent and the orphans. and hospitals for the sick, the lepers, the paralytics, that is all those who suffered from any kind of malady. Hospitals for the lepers and for ordinary patients were established simultaneously and provisions made for their daily needs and for giving the poor what was necessary....In evtry district of Armenia he founded schools....In his home the widows, the orphans: the indigent always lound shelter and food, and the poor found solace. His palace and his table were always prepared to receive the poor, the strangers. and the wayfarers. Although he had already built many hospices in every canton and had supplied them with the indispensable provisions so that they may not be obliged to leave their beds and go begging, he. inspired by his great love for thepoor. permitted them free access to his palace and the lame, the blind, the paralytics, the the crippled, the wretched, the indigent, all set at his table and shared his meals.' Faustus of Buzanda2 Circa Mid-5th Century, A.D." The fulfillment, in our day. of similar responsibilities can be realized. As man approaches the 2Ist century. let historians record an era exemplified not only by technological achievements that allowed a handful of courageous men to travel to and from the moon. Letfuturescribes also extol the story of their 20th century forebears, who balanced the scales in the remaining three decades, by directing man's attention io even more fertile fields to be conquered. New vistas here on Earth, with humanitarian goals to be probed and explored. are in view. Let us emulate the work begun by the exemplary Katholicos Nerses with programs that will benefit man, enhance his environment, and allow his progeny to survive. It is hopedthatthis study designed to help handicapped children, in a small way, stimulates others to rise to this challenge." S. A. Essefian. PhD. "Socio-Political Aspects of Armenian History," Georgetown University lecture series, Washington, D.C., February 1970. 2 Faustus of Buzanda.History of Armenia,ed. rawstosi Buzandac'woy Patmut'iwn Hayoc' (Venice, 1933), Iv. 4.85. Cf. V. Langlois, collection deshistoriens anciens et modems de l'Annenie(2 vols... Paris. 1866, 1.239 -240). Haig Ka fa flan.CIRP Second Report, Volume I, 1970 u5 ii Cybe4netia. Re6eattch In6titate PREFACE This third volume of the C/R/I Final Report is the fourth in the seriesof seven volumes and an interim report covering theC/R/I Study of Man-Machine Com- munications Systems for the Handicapped. The series includes theC/R/I Interim Re- port, 1968; Volume I and Volume II of the C/R/I Second Report,1970; and Volumes IV, V, VI, and VII of the C/R/I Final Report, 1971, which present evaluative procedures, demonstration guides, and instructional and training materials developed and utilized in the study.The reports also disclose pilot tests conducted, including research data and analyses, and recommendations. Films of subjects and equipment, and 35mm slides of written and picture messages employed in the study are alsopart of this final report. These B. E. H. projects, identified as Project No. 7-0533 and Project No . 18-2003, were supported from June 7, 1967 to June 19, 1971 by the Bureau of Educa- tion for the Handicapped, Office of Education, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare under Grant No. 7- 070533 -4237 and supported in part by Cybernetics Research Institute, (C/R/I), and Cyber Corp. ,of Washington, D. C. "But we ate 'att-the-way' peopte. We ate committed to the handicapped. We do want to go attthe way Lot the handicapped. We ate moving in that ditection. You ate pointing the way. Iti4 the Arnekican way, the motat way, the tight way.