Expert Board ZHAO Yingmin LIU Shijin Scott Vaughan(Canada) GUO Jing ZHANG Jieqing ZHOU Guomei LI Yonghong ZHANG Yongsheng ZHANG Jianyu Knut ALFSEN(Norway) Dimitri De BOER(Netherlands) Editorial Board ZHANG Huiyong LAN Yan LIU Kan LI Gongtao JING Fang LI Ying ZHANG Min YAO Ying YANG Xiaohua TIAN Fang LI Panwen PENG Ning ZHAO Haishan WANG Ran Joe ZHANG Samantha ZHANG China Environment Publishing Group·Beijing CCICED ANNUAL POLICY REPORT A New Era: Towards a New World of Green Prosperity Edited by China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development Secretariat 2019 China Environment Publishing Group·Beijing 图书在版编目（CIP）数据 中国环境与发展国际合作委员会年度政策报告 . 2019: 新时代：迈向绿色繁荣新世界 = CCICED ANNUAL POLICY REPORT2019:A New Era:Towards a New World of Green Prosperity : 英文 / 中国环境与发展国际合作委员会秘书 处编著 . -- 北京 : 中国环境出版集团 , 2020.9 ISBN 978-7-5111-4388-4 Ⅰ . ①中… Ⅱ . ①中… Ⅲ . ①环境保护－研究报告－ 中国－ 2019 －英文 Ⅳ . ① X-12 中国版本图书馆 CIP 数据核字 (2020) 第 139900 号 出 版 人 武德凯 责任编辑 黄 颖 张秋辰 责任校对 任 丽 装帧设计 宋 瑞 出版发行 中国环境出版集团 （100062 北京市东城区广渠门内大街 16 号） 网 址：http://www.cesp.com.cn 电子邮箱：[email protected] 联系电话：010-67112765（编辑管理部） 发行热线：010-67125803，010-67113405（传真） 印 刷 北京建宏印刷有限公司 经 销 各地新华书店 版 次 2020 年 9 月第 1 版 印 次 2020 年 9 月第 1 次印刷 开 本 787×1092 1/16 印 张 29.5 字 数 540 千字 定 价 92.00 元 【版权所有。未经许可，请勿翻印、转载，违者必究。】 如有缺页、破损、倒装等印装质量问题，请寄回本社更换 中国环境出版集团郑重承诺： 中国环境出版集团合作的印刷单位、材料单位均具有中国环境标志产品认证 ； 中国环境出版集团所有图书“禁塑”。 Preface Established with the approval of the Chinese government in 1992, the China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development (CCICED) is a high-level international advisory body. Its core tasks are to conduct policy research on environment and sustainable development problems of domestic, regional or global significance and provide policy recommendations to the Chinese government. Over the past 28 years, CCICED has witnessed and taken part in China’s historic shifts in development philosophy and model. It has opened the door to international experience on sustainable development and built a bridge to promote exchanges between China and the international community on environment and development. It has also provided a valuable platform for two-way dialogues, enabling the international community to improve understanding of Chinese approaches and support the country’s engagement with the world. The year 2019 marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China. It is a crucial year for winning the tough battle of pollution prevention and control and securing a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. It also witnessed the start of drafting the 14th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development. Faced with sluggish global economic growth and mounting downward pressure in the domestic market, China needs to find a new way out to implement its new development concepts, promote ecological civilization construction, enhance ecological and environmental protection and achieve high-quality development. Against such background, CCICED held its 2019 Annual General Meeting with the theme of “A New Era: Towards a New World of Green Prosperity” to discuss issues on green transition and high-quality development during the 14th Five-Year Plan Period. Han Zheng, Vice Premier of the State Council and CCICED Chairperson, pointed out at the Closing Ceremony of the Annual General Meeting, that China will continue to embrace green development to pursue modernization characterized by harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and contribute to global ecological security. It is agreed by Chinese and international CCICED Council Members that China’s economy has been transitioning from a phase of rapid growth to a stage of high-quality development. Such a transition will effectively address the contradiction between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life, and promote ecological and environmental protection and sustainable development. Green development is a major component of high-quality development. Forming consensus on green development is the base for the construction of ecological civilization. As an annual publication, the Policy Report is based on the research outputs of CCICED in 2019. It presents the policy recommendations proposed by Chinese and international CCICED Council Members, Special Advisors, and experts, for the reference of decision makers of all levels, scholars and the public. Acknowledgement China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development (CCICED) conducted a series of research projects in 2019 with the support of Chinese and international experts (including Council Members) and partners, including: Global Climate Governance and China’s Role, Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Conservation, Global Ocean Governance and Ecological Civilization, Green Urbanization Strategy and Pathways towards Regional Integrated Development, Ecological Compensation and Green Development Institutional Reform in the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB), Goals and Pathways for Environmental Improvement by 2035, Green Transition and Sustainable Social Governance, and Green Belt and Road and 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The book is based on the outputs of these research projects. Acknowledgement is given to the following experts engaged in these projects: Review/ Scott Vaughan, Liu Shijin, Zhang Yongsheng, Li Yonghong, Zhang Jianyu, Knut Alfsen, Dimitri de Boer, Zhang Huiyong. Chapter 1/ Kate Hampton, Zou Ji, Wang Yi, Knut Alfsen, Lei Hongpeng, Liu Qiang, Zhong Lijin, Zhao Xiao, Gu Baihe, Dong Yue, Fu Sha, Chai Qimin, Xin Jianan, Zhang Xiaohan, Zhang Huiyong, Li Ying. Chapter 2/ Ma Keping, Gao Jixi, Arthur Hanson, Li Lin, Yang Rui, Wei Wei, Alice C. Hughes, Li Ying. Chapter 3/ Jan-Gunnar Winther, Su Jilan, Wang Juying, Mu Jingli, Lei Kun, Yu Rencheng, Lisa Svensson, Zhu Shuang, Wang Yan, Na Guangshui, Zhang Qingchun, Huang Yaling, Li Ying. Chapter 4/ Zhang Yongsheng, Zheng Siqi, Zhao Yong, Bob Moseley, Sander Van der Leeuw, Jiang Lin, Yue (Nina) Chen, Li Xiaojiang, Xu Wei, Yang Jidong, Li Dong, Liu Lu, Li Ting, Qiu Xi, Yu Xiang, Zhang Ying, Cong Xiaonan, Zhang Min. Chapter 5/ Wang Jinnan, Stephen P. Groff, Liang Xiaoping, Zhang Qingfeng, Liu Guihuan, Wang Dong, Au Shion Yee, Guo Dongmei, Wen Yihui, Chang Jiwen, Shi Yinghua, Du Qun, Zhou Jianjun, Wang Dianchang, Ye Hong, Chen Yihui, Xu Hao, Mark Tercek, Hans Friederich, Annette T. Huber-Lee, Sun Hongliang, Ju Wenhui, Qu Chao, Xie Jing, Zhu Yuanyuan, Zhang Min. ii A New Era: Towards a New World of Green Prosperity Chapter 6/ Hu Baolin, Maria Krautzberger, Sun Youhai, Wolfgang Seidel, Wu Shunze, Wang Yi, Zhu Baoliang, Brendan Gillespie, Robyn Kruk, Hideki Minamikawa, Jan Bakkes, Shi Cheng, Anna Rosenbaum, Li Gongtao, Jing Fang. Chapter 7/ Ren Yong, Åsa Romson, Zhang Yong, Fan Bi, Zhang Jianyu, Zhu Baoliang, Zhou Hongchun, Zhang Jianping, Yu Hai, Zhang Xiaodan, Li Jifeng, Lewis Akenji, Mark Sanctuary, Carla Moonen, Miranda Schreurs, Mushtaq Ahmed Memon, Vanessa Timmer, Chen Gang, Zeng Yueling, Liu Qingzhi, Wen Zhichao, Liu Huan, Gao Yuhe, Zhou Caihua, Wang Yong, Meng Lingbo, Li Gongtao. Chapter 8/ Zhou Guomei, Shi Yulong, Aban Marker Kabraji, Thomas Lovejoy, Gu Shuzhong, Zhang Jianping, Ge Chazhong, Ghiara Gianluca, Diana Mangalagiu, Yin Hong, Chen Ying, Zhou Jun, Zhu Chunquan, Lan Yan, Lu Wei, Sun Yiting, Wang Ran, Huang Yiyan, Yu Xinyi, Zhang Cheng, Li Panwen, Zhao Haishan, Du Yanchun, Liu Kan, Zhang Min. Meanwhile, we would also like to thank donors and partners for their firm support, including the government of Canada, Norway, Sweden, Germany, Netherlands and Italy; the European Union, the United Nations Environment Programme, the United Nations Development Programme, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, World Bank, Asian Development Bank, World Economic Forum, World Wide Fund for Nature, Environmental Defense Fund, Energy Foundation, Rockefeller Brothers Fund, The Nature Conservancy, World Resources Institute, International Institute for Sustainable Development, ClientEarth, and other international organizations and NGOs. Their financial and intellectual support laid a solid foundation for the progress of our research projects. Besides, we would also like to thank the following colleagues and all those who have contributed to the publication of this book, including Yang Xiaohua, Peng Ning, Yao Ying, Wang Ran, Li Yutong, Liu Qi, Tian Fang, Chen Xinying, Wang Qiang and Huang Ying. Note: All policy research outcomes in this book were developed before the 2019 Annual General Meeting. Timeframes and plans may be postponed or cancelled due to the COVID-19 outbreak. Implementing the New Idea of Green Development Towards a New World of Green Prosperity*(Excerpts) (Preface One) HAN Zheng China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development (CCICED) 2019 Annual General Meeting has completed its agenda and is now drawing to a successful close. Here, on behalf of the Chinese government, I wish to express warm congratulations on the complete success of the meeting. The theme of this Annual General Meeting—“A New Era: Towards a New World of Green Prosperity”—is most fitting under the current circumstances. The color green is the symbol of life and the color of nature. Green development has become a trend of today’s world, which represents people’s aspirations to live a better life and the direction of human civilizations going forward. China attaches great importance to the construction of ecological civilization. Since the 18th CPC National