BULLETIN OF THE FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Volume 7 Number 4 CATALOGUE OF FOSSIL BIRDS Pierce Brodkorb IMS*=% m <FANJOW . U UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA Gainesville 1963 Numbers of the BULLETIN OF THE FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM are pub- lished at irregular intervals. Volumes contain about 800 pages and are not nec- essarily completed in any one calendar year. OLIVER L , AUSTIN, JR ., Editor Consultants for this issue: Elliot W. Dawson Hildegarde Howard Alexander Wetmore Communications concerning purchase or exchange of the publication and all man- useripts should be addressed to the Editor of the Bulletin, Florida State Museum, ~ ~ Seagle Building, Gainesville, Florida. Published 19 June 1968 Price for this issue.$1.40 CATALOGUE OF FOSSIL BIRDS Part 1 ( Archaeopterygiformes through Ardeiformes) PIERCE BRODKORBl SYNOPSIS : Tha first installment of a catalogue of the fossil birds of the world covers 49 families in 15 orders of birds, or nearly half of,the orders and about one-fourth of the families known. The species treated number 374, of which 273 are extinct, and 101 represent living 5pecies recorded from fossil or prehistoric sites. Fdr the paleospecies· the data include citation of the original description, ,synonyms, nature and repository of types, refeFence to pertinent revisionary papers, and detailed geological and geographic ranges, with biblio- graphic reference to their occurrence. Major taxonomic changes include recognition» of three subclasses, Sauriurae for Archaeopteryx, Odontbholcae for the Hesperornithidae, and Ornithurae fo-r the remaining birds. Three infraclasses of Ornithurae are recognized, Dromaeogna- thae ( for the Tinamidae), Ratitae, and Carinatae. Changes in position include transfer of the family Opisthodactylidae to the Rheiformes, Enaliornithidae to the Gaviiformes, and Baptornithidae to the Podicipediformes. On priority the ordinal name Ciconiiformes yields to Ardeiformes. Prior family names adopted include Emeidae for Anomalopterygidae, Oceanitidas for Hydro- batidae, and Plataleidae for Threskiornithidae. New taxa proposed are Colymboidinae ( new subfamily, Gavildae), €ave- tanornis (.new genus, Tinamidae), and Palaeeudyptes marplesi (new species, Spheniscidae). The misprihted name P.elagodornithidae is emended to Plega- dornithidae, to conform with the spelling of the type-genus. 'The author is Professor of Biological Sciences at the University of Florida, Gainesville. Manuscript received 28 January 1963.-ED. 180 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM Vol. 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 186 CLASS AVES Lihnaeus . 189 SUBCLASS tSAURIURAE Haeckel ............. .. 189 fARCHAEOPTERYGIFORMES Furbringer . 189 tArchaeopterygidae Hufley 189 tArchaeopterux Meyer......... 189 SUBCLASS fODONTOHOLCAE Stejneger ...,. 191 2 HEsPERORNFIHIFORMES ( Furbringer) , 191 iHesperornithidae Marsh 191 tHesperornis Marsh . 191 tConiomis Marsh ......,....,.,..., 192 SUBCLASS ORNITHURAE Haeckel .........,. 198, INFRACLASS DROMAEOGNATHAE Huxley .. 193 TINAMIFORMES ( Huxley') . , . , . ....... 198 Tinamidae Gray 198 fTinamisornis Rovereto ..„....>. 193 fCal/etanornis Brodkorb . .,. ... , · 194 tguerandiornis Rusconi ........... 194 Nothum Wagler 194 Neospecies of Tinamidae. ..,.. : 194 INFRACLASS RATITAE Merrem ............. 196 STRUTHIONIFORMES ( Latham) ..:.............. 196 tEleutherornithidae Wetmore . ... ...... 196 fEZeutherornis Schaub 196 Struthionidae Vigors................... 196 Struthio Linnaeus 196 . Neospecies of Struthionidae ... .. 199 - RHEIFORMES ( Forbes) 200 l'Opisthodactylidae Ameghino . 200 tepisthodactulus Ameghino 200 Rheidae ( Bonapafte) ................... 200 tHeterorhea Rovereto .............. 200 Rhea Brisson ........ 200 Pterocnemia Gray ................ 201 Neospecies of ,Rheidae.. , . ...... , 201 CAsuARIIFORMES ( Selater ) .... 202. Casuariidae Kaup 202 Casuarius Brisson : 202 Dromiceiidae Wetmore .........-..... 202 Dromiceius Vieillot . 202 Neospecies of Dromiceiidae . 208 tDromornithidae Furbringer ....,..,,.,..., 208 1-Dromomis Owen 208 tgenvornis Stirling and Zietz 203 1 AEpyORRITI#IFORMES ( Newton ) ,,. e. ..,,,.,. 205 tAepyornithidae (Bonaparte) ,,...,,,,.. ~ 205 fEremopezinae Lambrecht ............ 205 tEremopezus Andrews .„....,,..,,. 205 1963 BRODKORB: CATALOGUE OF FOSSIL BIRDS 181 f Aepyornithinae C Bonaparte ) . 205 l'Stromeria Lambrecht 205 thfulterotnis Milne-Edwards and Graddidier 206 £Aept/drnis Geoffroy ...................,.. 206 tDINORNITHIFORMES (,Ga(low)................······ 208 tEmeidae ( Bonaparte) 208 tknomalopteryginae ( Olixer ) .... 208 t*nomalopteryx_ Reichenbach. 208 TMegataptervx Haast 209 tpachyornis Lydekker 210 +Emeinae Bonaparte . 212 £Emeus Reichenbach ..................... 212 tEurvaptert/x Haast . 213· I'Zetornis Oliver 214 £Dinomithidae Bonaparte ..................... 215 tDinornis Owen 215 APTERYGIFORMES ( Haeckel) . 219 Aptery*idae ( Gray ) 219 tPseudapterux Lydekker ................... 219 Neospecies of Apterygidae ..,................. 219 INFRACLASS CARINATAE Merrem ................... 220 GAVIIF6RMEs Wetmore.and W. D. Miller ...... ...:. 22() · TEnaliornithiaae 'Fiirbringer 220 tEnatiornis Seeley ...... 220 iLonchodytidae 'Brodkorb ...........»........... 221 fLonchodytea Brodkorb . 221 Gaviidae Allen ............., 222 fColymboidinae Brodkorb . .. 222 l'Eupteromis Lemoine ............ 222 1~Columboides Milne-Edwards . 222 IGaviellinae WetmOre ............... .'.: 228 tGavieNa Wetmore.:...... 228 Gaviinae ( Allen) 223 Gauia Forster ...:................·...2 223 Neospecies of Gaviinae '224 PODIcIPEDIFORMES (Furbringer ) . 226 tBaptornithidae American Ornithologists' Union ... 226 tBaptornis Marsh,.......: 226 , fNeogaeornis 226 Podicipedidae ( Bonaparte) 226 Podiceps Latham .................. 227 tpliodt/tes Brodkorb .... 228 Neospecies of Pbdicipedidae ..... 228 SPHENISCIFORMES Sharpe ..,.,..,,.. 231 Spheniscidae Bonaparte....... 231 tPalaeeudyptinae Simpson 281 tpalaeeudyptes Huxley . 281 tPachyduptes Oliver ..................... 282 tArchaeospheniscus Marples. .... o. 232 1Duntroonornis Marples 232 182 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM Vol. 7 tPlat!/duptes MarpIes 288 iKorom Marples 238 tAnthrophdutes Simpson . 234 1~Notodyptes Marples 284 1-Anthropornis Wiman,. 284 fOrthopteryx Wiman .. I. I 284 tEosphaeniscus Wiman 235 tDdphinornis Wiman ................... 235 tlcht{,optert/x Wiman....., 235 £Arthrodytes Ameghino ........,.....,.,, 285 2Palaeospheniscinae.Simpson 286 1*Palaeospheniscus Moreno and Mercerat :. 286 tPerispheniscus Ameghino .,..,...~-.,,.., 287 tParaspheniscus Ameghino 238 tParaptenodytinae Simpson . 238 i Paraptenodfdes Ameghino .....,,..,..,,. 238 tIsottemornis Ameghino .,,....,...,,... 289 tPseudospheniscus Ameghino ... 239 l'Neculus Ameghino . .. 240 Spheniscinae Bonaparte................... 240 Neospecies of Spheniscinae 240 PROCELLARII#ORMES Furbringer ... 241 Diomedeidae (·Gray) . .... 241 £Gigantornis Andrews ,.....,,...,...., 241 £Manu Marples . 241 Dibmedea Linnaeus 24I Neospecies of Diomedeidae 242 Procellariidae ( Boie) 242 Pu#inus Brisson .................... 242 £Argyroduptes Ameghino 245 *Plotornis Milne-Edwards 245 Neospecies of Procellariidae 245 Oceanitidae ( Salvin) 246 Oceanodroma Reichenbach ............ 247, Neospecies of Oceanitidae . .. - . - ... 247 Pelecanoididae (Gray)...,......... 247 Neospecies of Pelecanoididae.. 247 PELECANIFORMES Sharpe 248 SULAE Sharpe 248 fElopterygidae Lambrecht 248 1-Elopteryx Andraws 248 +Argittomis Owen ........................... 248 +Eostega Lambrecht .........,.......... 249 Phalacrocoracidae C Bonaparte) .................. 249 tGraculavinae Furbringer .. 249 fCraculat>us Marsh . 249 Phalacrocoracinae Bonaparte .,. ........... 250 tActiornis Lydekker .................. 250 Phdtacrocorax Brisson 250 tPtiocarbo Tugqsinov .........:...,......,„. 254 1963 BRODKORB: CATALOGUE OF FOSSIL BIRDS 183 Neospecies of Phalacrocoracinae . 254 Anhingidae Ridgwa>; ............. ... 256 tprotoptotus Lambrecht ...... ... 256 Anhinga Brisson............... ... 256 Neospecies of Anhingidae ...... .... 257 Sulidae ( Reichenbach ) ............. ... 257 Suk Brisson .......... ... 257 tMicrosula Wetmore ......... ... 259 Morus Vieillot ....,-.... ... 259 iPalaeosula Howard ......... 260 7Miomhz L. Miller .-......... -. 260 Neospecies of Sulidae ............ 261 PHAETHONTES Sharpe .............. .... 261 Phaethontidae ( Bonaparte) .... 261 tProphaeton Andrews ....... ... 261 Neospecies of Phaethontidae .. .... 262 tODONTOPTERYGIA Spulski .......... .... 262 tOdonthpterygidae Lambrecht .... ... 262 20dontopterux Owen ...:...... ....... 262 fPseudodontomithidae -Lambrecht . ... 262 fPseudodontornis Lambrecht ... ... 262 fOsteodontomis Howard ...... ... 268 tPelagornithidae ( Fiirbringer.) 263 1*Petagornis Lartet ........... ..... 263 tCLADORNITHES Wetmore ........... ...... 264 TCladornithidae Ameghino ........ ... 264 t€ladornis Ameghino ... ... 264 1Cyphornithidae Weimore ........... ... 264 i'Cyphornis Cope ...... ... '264 1~Pataeochenoides Shufeldt ...... ... 264 PELECANI Sharpe ................. ... 265 Pelecanidae Vigors ... 265 Pelecanus Linnaeus .. .... 265 t Liptornis Ameghino ... 267 Neospecies of Pelecanidae ..... ...... 267 FREGATAE(Sharpe)............... .... 268 Fregaitidae Garrod ...·· ·'...:··········· ... 268 Neospecies of Fregatidae .......- ,.5 268 ARDEIFORMES ( Wagler ) ... 269 PHOENICOPTERI Furbringer ......... 269 tTorotigidae Brodkorb ........... ... 269 tdattornis.Lambrerht ...... 269 tParascaniornis Lambrecht ..... .... 269 fTorotix Brodkorb ... 270. 2Scaniornithidae Lambrecht .