CBD AND SOUTH EAST LIGHT RAIL PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT VOLUME 4 Technical papers ASSESSMENT HERITAGE IMPACT IMPACT HERITAGE TECHNICAL PAPER 5: TECHNICAL PAPER CBD and South East Light Rail Heritage Impact Assessment Report prepared for Parsons Brinckerhoff on behalf of Transport for NSW November 2013 Report Register The following report register documents the development and issue of the report entitled CBD and South East Light Rail—Heritage Impact Assessment, undertaken by Godden Mackay Logan Pty Ltd in accordance with its quality management system. Godden Mackay Logan operates under a quality management system which has been certified as complying with the Australian/New Zealand Standard for quality management systems AS/NZS ISO 9001:2008. Job No. Issue No. Notes/Description Issue Date 12-0489 1 Report 7 November 2013 Contents Page Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................................... i Scope ............................................................................................................................................................... i Key Findings .................................................................................................................................................... i Mitigation Measures ...................................................................................................................................... iii 1.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Project Background ................................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Statutory Context for Heritage ............................................................................................................... 1 1.3 CBD and South East Light Rail Route .................................................................................................. 2 1.4 Methodology ............................................................................................................................................ 2 1.4.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 2 1.4.2 Report Structure ............................................................................................................................... 3 1.4.3 Aboriginal Due Diligence Assessment ........................................................................................... 4 1.4.4 Assessment of Heritage Significance ............................................................................................. 4 1.4.5 Historical Archaeological Assessment ........................................................................................... 5 1.4.6 Assessment of Heritage Impact ...................................................................................................... 5 1.5 Description of the Proposal .................................................................................................................... 6 1.6 Limitations ............................................................................................................................................... 7 1.7 Author Identification ................................................................................................................................ 7 1.8 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................ 7 2.0 European Historical Context of the Study Area ............................................................................... 11 2.1 Preamble ............................................................................................................................................... 11 2.2 City Centre Precinct (Circular Quay to Chalmers Street) .................................................................. 11 2.2.1 Origins: 1788–1810 ....................................................................................................................... 11 2.2.2 The Macquarie Years: 1810–1822 ............................................................................................... 13 2.2.3 Boom, Recession and Gold Fever: 1820s–1860s ...................................................................... 16 2.2.4 Victorian Sydney: 1870s–1900s ................................................................................................... 19 2.2.5 The War and Postwar Years: 1900s–1950s ................................................................................ 20 2.2.6 The Skyscraper: 1950s–Present .................................................................................................. 21 2.3 Surry Hills Precinct (Central Station to South Dowling Street) .......................................................... 42 2.3.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 42 2.3.2 Early History ................................................................................................................................... 42 2.3.3 Subdivision: 1830s–1890s ............................................................................................................ 44 2.3.4 Demolition, Re-alignment and Redevelopment: 1900s–1960s .................................................. 45 2.3.5 Survival, Revival and Gentrification: 1960s–Present .................................................................. 46 2.4 Moore Park Precinct (South Dowling Street to Alison Road) ............................................................ 56 2.4.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 56 2.4.2 Sydney Common and Water Supply: 1811–1866 ....................................................................... 56 2.4.3 Infrastructure and Development: 1866–World War I ................................................................... 57 2.4.4 Twentieth-Century Development: 1918–Present ........................................................................ 58 2.5 Kensington/Kingsford Precinct (Alison Road to Nine Ways, Kingsford) ........................................... 68 2.5.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 68 2.5.2 Swamps, a Mill, a Racecourse and a Toll Bar: c1800–1890s .................................................... 68 2.5.3 Suburban Development: 1890s–1940s ....................................................................................... 69 2.5.4 University of NSW, NIDA and Unit Development: 1940–Present .............................................. 71 CBD and South East Light Rail Environmental Impact Statement—Heritage Impact Assessment, November 2013 2.6 Randwick Precinct (Alison Road to Randwick) .................................................................................. 81 2.6.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 81 2.6.2 Early Land Use and Subdivision: 1820–1855 ............................................................................. 81 2.6.3 Development of the Village of Randwick: 1856–1880 ............................................................... 82 2.6.4 Residential Development: 1870–World War I ............................................................................. 83 2.6.5 Re-subdivision and Flat Development: 1920–1950 ................................................................... 85 2.6.6 Recent Development: 1950s–Present ........................................................................................ 85 2.7 Rozelle Stabling/Maintenance Depot ................................................................................................. 94 2.7.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 94 2.7.2 Early Land Use .............................................................................................................................. 94 2.7.3 Establishment and Use of the Yard: 1916–1996 ........................................................................ 94 2.7.4 Closure and Re-use: 1996 to Present ......................................................................................... 95 2.8 Endnotes............................................................................................................................................... 99 3.0 Aboriginal Archaeology ..................................................................................................................... 107 3.1 Preamble ............................................................................................................................................ 107 3.2 Aboriginal Archaeological Management in NSW ............................................................................ 107 3.3 Structure ............................................................................................................................................