5. ULUSLARARASI İSLAM TIP TARİHİ CEMİYETİ KONGRESİ 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE HISTORY OF ISLAMIC MEDICINE 25-28 Ekim 2010 25-28 October, 2010 ISTANBUL – TÜRKİYE ÖZET KİTABI – ABSTRACT BOOK 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE HISTORY OF ISLAMIC MEDICINE 25-28 October, 2010, Istanbul - TÜRKİYE Editörler ve Yayına Hazırlayanlar: Prof. Dr. Nil SARI Uzm. Dr. Burhan AKGÜN Dizgi: Burhan AKGÜN - Oğuz BARIŞ Baskı: İ.Ü. Basım ve Yayınevi Müdürlüğü Baskı tarihi: Ekim 2010 Basım Yeri : İSTANBUL - TÜRKİYE 2 5.ULUSLARARASI İSLAM TIP TARİHİ CEMİYETİ KONGRESİ 25-28 Ekim 2010, İstanbul – TÜRKİYE SÖZLÜ BİLDİRİLER ORAL PRESENTATIONS 3 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE HISTORY OF ISLAMIC MEDICINE 25-28 October, 2010, Istanbul - TÜRKİYE 4 5.ULUSLARARASI İSLAM TIP TARİHİ CEMİYETİ KONGRESİ 25-28 Ekim 2010, İstanbul – TÜRKİYE THE ROLE OF RASHID AL-DIN FAZL ALLAH HAMADANI IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICINE DURING THE ILKHANID ERA Javad Abbasi, Iran Khaja Rashid al-Din Fazl Allah is an outstanding administrator, physician and historian who had a main role in the renewal and continuity of Iranian society in the Ilkhanid period. His efforts covered many aspects. Two of them were science and social welfare. Rashid al-Din who joined the Mongol (Ilkhanid) court as a physician, attempted to develop medicine in different ways. He considered other nations' inheritance like Chinese medicine (Tebb Ahl Khata). On the other hand, as a powerful and influential administrator and also a rich charity man, he constructed and patronized some medical centers and established courses to train young physicians. In his endowment (waqfname) for Rabe Rashidi and his other writings he refers to some of these attempts. Also other historical sources and researches confirm his activities in this field. The present survey is going to illustrate his role in the development of medicine in Iran under the Mongol rule. [email protected] 5 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE HISTORY OF ISLAMIC MEDICINE 25-28 October, 2010, Istanbul - TÜRKİYE THE WORK OF SEREFEDDIN SABUNCUOGLU: A GREAT CONTRIBUTION TO MEDICINE IN ISLAMIC HISTORY Ahmed Tageldin Abdelhafiz, Egypt Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu was a great 15th century Anatolian Turkish surgeon. He contributed to clinical work; introduced an excellent and detailed illustrated medical writing; and gave professional advices to practicing physicians. His contributions covered many medical fields including: obstetrics, gynecology, vascular surgery, neurosurgery, ophthalmology, orthopedics, oncology, dental medicine and plastic surgery. These are well presented in his book Cerrahiyetü‟l Haniye (Imperial Surgery). The study represents examples of his contributions and discusses the correlation between his work and recent medical achievements. [email protected] 6 5.ULUSLARARASI İSLAM TIP TARİHİ CEMİYETİ KONGRESİ 25-28 Ekim 2010, İstanbul – TÜRKİYE EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE 1000 YEARS AGO Rabie E. Abdel-Halim, Saudi Arabia Little is known about the state of experimentation in the field of medicine during the Medieval Islamic era. With few exceptions, most of the contemporary sources on history of medicine propagate the idea that the roots of experimental medicine in its modern form, including clinical trials and drug-potency studies, first started during the European Renaissance in the 16th to the 18th centuries. This presentation is part of an ongoing multidisciplinary primary-source study of the original Arabic works of ten Islamic medical scholars who lived and practiced between the ninth and the thirteenth centuries. The study critically evaluated and documented their contributions to the development of the scientific method and experimental medicine during that medieval Islamic Era in the following fields: Critical Appraisal of Previous Knowledge Clinical Observations and Case Reports Clinical Therapeutic Trials Drug Potency Trials Experimentation on animals Dissection and Dissection Experiments Post Mortems In each of the above-mentioned areas significant contributions were made during the Medieval Islamic era from as early as the ninth century AD. [email protected] 7 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE HISTORY OF ISLAMIC MEDICINE 25-28 October, 2010, Istanbul - TÜRKİYE THE PANDEMIC OF OBESITY AND ITS SOLUTION IN ISLAM Fadhil Mustafa Abdullah, Dubai There is no doubt that overweight and obesity has reached a pandemic status despite thousands of research activities, lot of efforts, too much time spent, huge costs on many aspects to deal with the issue including the awareness campaigns, meetings, public lectures, conferences, media, and TV programs. Treating obesity and its various morbidities tremendously exhausts the financial status of most countries through medical treatment, hospitalizations, and different interventions. In addition, so many days loss from work due to obesity puts extra burden to the governments. We, medical doctors, have witnessed decades of scientific development in the ways to prevent and treat obesity; unfortunately, we have to admit that we have failed so far! On the contrary, the prevalence on the increase and the impact of obesity was extensive. Surprisingly, the Islamic world prevalence of obesity is increasing despite that Islam stresses on the necessity of healthy eating, unfortunately, people‟s faith and religious commitment is deteriorating, so is their health! Islam, since more than 1430 years, has put practical solutions to prevent and treat overweight, with particular attention on prevention, starting from the early years of age and throughout life. Islam preceded the modern medical references in warning against excess intake of food and the negative effect of obesity. The holly Qur‟an contains many verses that refer to our health, with particular emphasis on our food intake, both its quality or quantity, as well as the behavior of eating. Our great prophet, Mohammed (PBUH), has given us many sayings (Hadith) that address the same subject. In this review, I will address the obesity problem and the solutions which are available in the holly Qur‟an and Sunnah, our great Islamic heritage, regretfully being forgotten not only by ordinary people but also by the Muslim doctors. [email protected] 8 5.ULUSLARARASI İSLAM TIP TARİHİ CEMİYETİ KONGRESİ 25-28 Ekim 2010, İstanbul – TÜRKİYE MEDICAL PRACTICE IN ALGERIA FROM THE OTTOMAN PERIOD UNTIL TODAY Larbi Abid, Algeria In Algeria, medical practice goes back to ancient times and a great deal of documents attest medical practice before the French colonization. The first Ottoman hospital in Algiers was built in 1550 by Hassan, the child of Kheireddine Barbarous. Four other asylums or hospitals were designated for the native population. In early 19th century three medical societies were established. Each one aimed for a specific population: The Ottoman medical practice oriented towards the Ottoman army which was composed of young men. The traditional Arabic or Moslem medicine was applied to the majority of the people. European medical practice was current among the European community (consulships, European embassies) and some members of the family of Hussein Dey. But modern medicine of today began with the French army which opened the early hospitals from 1833 on and especially when the first medical school was opened in 1831. Between 1830 and 1870, the French army built military hospitals in several Algerian cities. The first medical school was founded in 1832 at the Dey‟s house in Bab El Oued area. This military medical school was open for only a few years and then it closed. The second school was a civilian one founded in 1857 in a district of Algiers. Between 1910 and 1958 (48 years) 2031 medical students graduated, but in 1962 (the independence year) we had only 342 native doctors in Algeria and a great number of them practiced in France. In 1956, the Moslem Students Union (UGEMA) decided a strike which lasted two years and a great number of medical doctors chose to enroll to the armed forces and some of them died. After the independence, the doctors who survived founded the Mustapha Hospital and the Medicine School of Algiers. 9 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE HISTORY OF ISLAMIC MEDICINE 25-28 October, 2010, Istanbul - TÜRKİYE Actually there are 11 schools of medicine in Algeria and between 1962 and 2000 (48 years), 47.000 students related with the medical field graduated (medical doctors 70%; dental surgeons: 22%; chemists- pharmacists 8%). As a result it is four times more than the other Maghreb countries altogether. Although the number of doctors is sufficient, we are in need of some medical specialities; and the national system of health is considered to be expensive by the decision-makers, archaic by the doctors, and the users (patients) are not satisfied by the quality of care. [email protected] 10 5.ULUSLARARASI İSLAM TIP TARİHİ CEMİYETİ KONGRESİ 25-28 Ekim 2010, İstanbul – TÜRKİYE ABU BEKR AL-ABBAS CAFAR BİN MUHAMMAD AL-MUSTAQFİRİ‟NİN "TIBBI-NEBİ" ESERİ Zekiyye Abilova, Azerbaycan Hastalık da, şifa da Allah‟tandır. Kuran-ı Kerim‟de insanın yaratılışı, onun yaş devreleri, evlilik, bazı hastalıklar gibi çeşitli tıbbî mevzularla ilgili ayetler vardır. Şifaya kavuşmanın yollarını bilmek, tedavi çarelerini aramak ve hastalıktan korunmak da Allah‟ın takdiridir. Bu yolların en sıhhatlisini Resulullah (s.) efendimiz kendi hadislerinde buyurmuştur. Birçok âlim O‟nun tıp mevzusundaki