Conservation and Environment Protection Authority RIDGES TO REEFS ASSESSMENT FOR NEW BRITAIN, PNG: PLANNING FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT East and West New Britain September 2017 This publication was developed through the Conservation and Environment Protection Authority in partnership with the United Nations Development Programme’s Global Environment Facility. © 2018 Papua New Guinea Government through the Conservation and Environment Protection Authority Available from worldwide web at: https://research.csiro.au/bismarcksea Website also includes additional appendices, project details, workshop presentations, and other related reports. Please note this report has been developed for both East and West New Britain Provinces. The main body of the report applies to both provinces, with specific information for each province provided under Appendix One and Appendix Two. Citation: Geoff Lipsett-Moore, Nate Peterson, James Butler, Russell Wise, Cosmas Apelis, Seona Meharg, Kelly Kalit, Robyn James, Richard Hamilton, Barbara Masike-Liri, James Allan, Donna Hayes, Jessica Cheok, Tahlia Seeto and Mibu Fischer (2017). Ridges to Reefs Assessment for New Britain, PNG: Planning for Responsible, Sustainable Development. TNC Pacific Division Report No. 2/10. 83pp Contributors: The Nature Conservancy, Pacific Division Contact: Nate Peterson The Nature Conservancy Level 1, 48 Montague Road South Brisbane, QLD 4101 Australia Email: [email protected] The views and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the UNDP. Cover Photo: Orcaella brevirostris, PNG © Arun Vongtacome/ Shutterstock ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was made possible through generous funding Institute of National Affairs: Paul Barker and Marjorie and support from both the Australian Government Andrew under the Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reef Fisheries and Food Security program and the United University of Natural Resources and Environment: Nations Development Program (UNDP) under the Global Prof. John Warren, Freda Paiva, Joe Aitsi, and Aisi Anas Environment Fund (GEF 4) Community-based Forest Industry groups and their representatives: Max and and Coastal Conservation and Resource Management Cecile Benjamin (Walindi Plantation Resort), Riccard program. The report represents a synthesis of the Reimann (Baia Fishing Lodge), Peter Callister and Michael expertise, knowledge and views of East and West New Bragg (New Britain Palm Oil), Rolland Allbrook (Hargy Oil Britain’s leaders, government, scientific experts, non- Palm), and Tan Eng Kwee (Tzen Nuigini Limited) government organizations, civil society organizations, industry representatives, local landowners and United Nations Development Programme: Emily authorities. The project team wishes to thank all those Fajardo, and Kepa Kumilgo present at the workshops without whose contributions this assessment would not have been possible. Australian Government: Nicole Coombe and Andrew Chek SPECIAL THANKS TO: East New Britain Provincial Administration: Wilson The project team benefited from the support from Matava, Florence Paisparea, Hosila Turabarat Orong, our Advisory Committee: Yvonne Tio (CEPA), Bernard Blaise Magaga, Jane Larme, Levi Mano, and Henry Tavul Suruman (CEPA), Odi Wefin (CCDA), Eki Peter (CCDA), Emmajil Bogari-Ahai(CCDA), Jasmine Taera (CCDA), and West New Britain Provincial Administration: Julianne Poiye (CFDA) Williamson Hosea and Desmond Mondo Vaghelo Local champions made significant contributions to LLG Presidents, Managers, and Officers: Leadership running our program of workshops: Anastacia Kaue was staff from the LLGs came to our workshops and shared essential to our success with multiple workshops in West their deep knowledge and passion for their lands. Of New Britain; and Raymon Joshua with the Pomio District note, Francis Kevin and Apolosa Kuabali (Central Nakanai workshop in East New Britain. Isidor Kaupun (Wide Bay LLG); Johnathan Kuri (Bali Witu LLG); Rolland Paponurea Conservation Assoc.) and Clive Passinghan (Barefoot (Mosa LLG); Damaris Ragi (Hoskins LLG); John Narol Community Services) came across from East New Britain (Kandrian Coastal LLG); Cornelius Aumi (Kandrian Inland to share their leadership and experience at the Tools LLG); Paul George (Kaliai Kove LLG); Bernard Kulap and Workshop in West New Britain. Joachim Kinakap (Lassul Baining LLG); Nyros Aume (Duke of York LLG); Michael Pakoi (West Pomio-Mamusi LLG); The Civil Society Organizations played an important role Boniface Gerep (Sinivit LLG) in advocating for communities and raising awareness of our project: Wide Bay Conservation Association, Districts officers: Peter Peniat (Pomio District); Allan Barefoot Community Services, ARM Natural Rainforest Balbal and Henry Kahoraso (Gazelle District) Conservation Project, FORCERT PNG, Live and Learn (Percy Kambui and Lazarus Peka), Partners with Conservation and Environment Protection Authority: Melanesians, CELCOR, Mahonia na Dari, and the LMMA Kay Kalim, Bernard Suruman, Yvonne Tio, Mark Nizette, representatives from across Kimbe Bay. Malcolm Keako, Senson Mark, and Martha Wamo We would also like to thank the communities and people Climate Change Development Authority: Emmajil that hosted our team during the many workshops. Bogari Ahai and Kenn Nobi Special note to Kandrian Coastal LLG, Bialla Town, Palmalmal West Pomio-Mamusi LLG Station, University Coastal Fisheries Development Authority: Andy Bill, of Natural Resources and Environment (Vudal), Kimbe, Serah Amos Young, and Rita Goiye Ridges To Reefs Assessment For New Britain, PNG: Planning For Sustainable Development and of course Kokopo. You welcomed us into your communities, sharing your energy, knowledge and passion for your homelands with us. From coast to coast, across every river, and down from the highest peaks, the good people of New Britain came together to mark their path towards a sustainable future. We thank you for your support, participation, and commitments. The core project team consisted of staff from both CSIRO and TNC: TNC: Nate Peterson, Geoff Lipsett-Moore, Cosmas Apelis, Kelly Kalit, Barbara Masike-Liri, Senita Wauwia, Ruth Konia, Teneke Tefatu, Avoa Malala, Robyn James, Rick Hamilton, Megan Ryan, and Yu Wu CSIRO: James Butler, Seona Meharg, Russell Wise, Erin Bohensky, Piers Dunstan, Donna Hayes, Mibu Fischer, Tim Skewes, and Chris Moeseneder More broadly the project benefited from additional technical and advisory support from University of Queensland staff and students: James Allan, Vanessa Adams, Viv Tulloch, Tahlia Seeto; and Jessica Cheok from James Cook University. Ridges To Reefs Assessment For New Britain, PNG: Planning For Sustainable Development TABLE OF CONTENTS Acronyms 1 Conclusions 39 Executive summary 2 References 43 Introduction 4 Appendix 1: Report Cards for East New Britain 46 Policy context 6 Zoning Report Card: Melkoi LLG 46 Draft framework 8 Zoning Report Card: West Pomio - Mamusi LLG 50 Environment 8 Zoning Report Card: Central Inland Pomio LLG 55 Society 9 Zoning Report Card: East Pomio LLG 59 Economy 9 Zoning Report Card: Sinivit LLG 64 Values, tools and zones 11 Zoning Report Card: Lassul Baining LLG 68 Physical Constraints Zone 12 Zoning Report Card: Inland Baining LLG 72 Food Security Zone 14 Zoning Report Card: Duke of York LLG 76 Fresh Water Security Zone 16 Appendix 2: Report cards for West New Britain 80 Health and Wellbeing 17 Zoning Report Card: Bali Witu LLG 80 Marine and Terrestrial Conservation Zones 17 Zoning Report Card: Gloucester LLG 84 - Marine Protected Areas 19 Zoning Report Card: Kandrian Coastal LLG 89 - Terrestrial Protected Areas 20 Zoning Report Card: Kandrian Inland LLG 95 Commercial Agriculture Zone 20 Zoning Report Card: Kaliai - Kove LLG 99 - Forestry Zone 20 Zoning Report Card: Gasmata LLG 104 - Fisheries Zone 22 Zoning Report Card: Talasea LLG 110 Urban Development 23 Zoning Report Card: Mosa LLG 115 Steps for responsible sustainable development 24 Zoning Report Card: Hoskin LLG 119 Step 1 – Vision 2050 24 Zoning Report Card: Central Nakanai LLG 124 Step 2 – Defining zones 25 Zoning Report Card: East Nakanai LLG 128 Step 3 – Mapping zones 25 List of figures Step 4 – Goals and strategies 29 Figure 1: The Bismarck Sea Seascape, and the 4 Step 5 – Areas of conflict and benefit 30 surrounding maritime provinces of East and West New Britain, New Ireland, Manus, Morobe and LLG report cards to inform decisions 31 Madang Key results 34 Figure 2: The four primary activities of the 5 Building capacity for sustainable and responsible 1. Significant Commercial Agriculture and Forestry 34 development in the Bismarck Sea program Zones Figure 3: PNG’s commitment to the Paris 6 2. Food Security and Freshwater Security (main 35 Agreement and Agenda 2030 (the SDGs) island) Figure 4: Adapted from Johan Rockström and 8 3. Small Island LLGs 36 Pavan Sukhdev of the Stockholm Resilience 4. Conflict Areas 36 Centre a new way of viewing the Sustainable Development Goals and how they are all linked to 5. Benefit Areas 38 food Ridges To Reefs Assessment For New Britain, PNG: 5 Planning For Sustainable Development Figure 5: Top 30 Ecosystem Goods and Services 11 Figure 30: Kaliai - Kove LLG – 2050 Zoning Plan 101 for East New Britain by Zone (west) Figure 6: Constraints as used in this study 13 Figure 31: Gasmata LLG - 2050 Zoning Plan (east) 106 Figure 7: Population projections (blue) and 15 Figure 32: Gasmata LLG – 2050 Zoning Plan (west) 107 food security requirements (ha – red) – CSIRO Figure 33: