,(-(,./, )010234(53136078!"#$%&'()#$ !"#$%!&'((!)*+*$' !"#$ '*+,-./*001,2&1332*00&12&!& 4*5*6!/1!2&'14*/ GETTING READY FOR THE DIVE SEASON DEEP ADVENTURE !"#$%&'()*"+,,-".)*,/"-$,"0,( TECHNICAL DIVING & INSURANCE #;B>$>&?F&HIJIH&C#"&KJLJIK&<&!??8&LMHL&<&?FL& . $(GF& 6 NEW SECTION! #$(8C(B8&%$(E#;%$>"#&<&!7%F& . PFO FOR DUMMIES 7$89#& * THE MYSTERIES OF #%:8$D& 2 BUOYANCY $=>?8&7@AB(>"#&C#"&'()#$;&!"#$%& , #:;&<& 2 7$89#& * & 2 '! 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ontents Features '##9&!C)#?%7$#S&!&6V87;>?C&[##%&&& Q?C#$&%V#&0#>& H\ PH"8(3"F(/',< Editorial 3 U LK 3#%%#$;&%8&%V#&#C(%8$& K [($;%&!(C&,]X=#?&Q9C>%# 21 PH"C%$)"D(&9"A%)<@$/,S"BR6R Bulletin Board Success Stories 6V#&WX9#$G>$(B&+#?%$#;&8@&%V#&'!2&*7$89#& !&6$>7E>%(B&0"(9S&!?&1?;%$7B%8$^;&1?_7$X&&&& 2#%:8$D&Y&Z>$B#"8?>& U (?&6V>(">?C& LK PH"Q/3'-3()"D,99,</3)3 PH"6!O"?&/%@,"0-(II L\ O%V&1?%#$?>%(8?>"&'!2&'()#$;&'>X& L` Prepared Diver PV#?&%V#&Z7CCX&0X;%#E&[>(";& O DAN Research PH"E347"A(H-%) '!2&*7$89#&>%&%V#&+8?a>?;&!b7>%(B&+#?%$#S& O 0%#9;&[8$:>$C&(?&.>$%(B(9>%#C&/#;#>$BV&& L\ PH"B(''3:%"D3,/3" Incident Insights LI 5#%%(?=&/#>CX&@8$&%V#&'()#&0#>;8?& HH Curiosities from the Underwater World PH"C%,9"6%2,)P(/<,/ 6V#&+>%"(?&0#>)(#:&07$)#X&.$8_#B%& LI Q?C#$:>%#$&P(<[(&& TM Medical Line HH '#B8E9$#;;(8?&1""?#;;&(?&>&4#=#%>$(>?&'()#$& HT Insurance Matters !"4(',"/,@%/-"PH"E%P,/-"!R2()";&9'-S"B6S"D$6"()*"N3)"2()"*,/" 8(:@S"B6S"D$6 6#BV?(B>"&'()(?=&>?C&1?;7$>?B#& TH PH"Q9(&*3("+(//&<3( PFO for Dummies .V8%8&.8$%@8"(8& TT 6V#&-X;%#$(#;&8@&Z78X>?BX& HU HU '!2&.>$%?#$&.$8=$>E& TU PH"Q9(&*3%"63"B()(% TH '!2&0V89& TO L N&KO&9,7:(;<3=28=(,./,> Alert Diver EDITORIAL Editorial !"#$%&'(#($)*+),%#-).*//'")!with Plans for Our Next Dive Summer has arrived, and along with it, the time to take holidays and to dive into the blue. Preparing for our travels, whether near or far, we have probably worried about a series of tasks, ranging from checking the mo- tor oil, to the maintenance of our bicycle or, as you prefer, skateboard. In await of leaving, we have !nally taken on the series of Q/3'-3()"D,99,</3)3 tedious chores and things to organise. We’ve tidied up the garden and the toolshed, while the more fortunate among us have ?*3-%/ started the maintenance of their swimming pool... Staring dreamily at those crystal waters, our thoughts drift to our next dive, be it this weekend, next week or the upcoming one. But then why, after the long winter “hibernation”, don’t we devote as much attention to the maintenance of our diving equip- ment and to the review of dive procedures? It will only be time well spent, believe me. That’s why, to better enjoy this summer, Alert Diver has included two full articles, devoted to the return to the diving season: When The Buddy System Fails, in the Prepared Diver section, and Getting Ready for the Dive Season, in the Incident Insights section. Instead, if you’ve planned to stay home, I recommend reading Deep Adventure (Features section). While comfortably sinking in the folds of your favorite chair, you can follow an incredible adventure into the deep, aboard a small “pocket submarine”. Since diving is not just about procedures, diving tables and tedious calculations, we can have fun reading the new section PFO for Dummies. Now you can take us divers less seriously and, with your dive knowledge, get a di"erent perspective on even the most di#cult topics of dive medicine and physiology, with satire and humor. I wish you a great Summer, and the best dives, with DAN at your side! +8EE#?%;c& /#>B%(8?;c *E>("S& #C(%8$d>"#$%C()#$F#7 T N&KO&9,7:(;<3=28=(,./,> "#$$#%&!$'!$(#!#)*$'% Lost at Sea... My name is Massimo Saviano. I have advanced “stress & rescue” certi!cation and I am a DAN member. I would like to tell you about an unpleasant episode, which I found reprehensible in terms of both morality and safety. It took place during a diving cruise at the Maldives last March, with three dives planned per day. Dear Prof. Saviano, Fortunately, among my travel companions there were several diving experts. On the motorboat, First of all, I’d like to thank you for your email and the detailed description of the event. we found two underwater guides, who, as we later realized, kept to themselves for the whole Unfortunately, this is not an isolated event, but a problem of general interest. trip. To focus on this most disconcerting episode, I will leave out the details about the conditions In response to your questions, there are well-codi!ed risk assessment and prevention of the motorboat, the state of the equipment, etc. procedures for similar situations. The problem is in the monitoring, which should be - A New Safety Program Sixteen of us dove with the two guides at Maav Beyru of Addu Atoll. After about 50 minutes un done before granting a licence to operate. The third question only has one answer: derwater, we surfaced releasing regular $oating balloons; to our surprise, our dhoni was nowhere the responsibility is of the captain, the ship owner, the tour operator and the diving for Dive Operations to be seen. We were left at the mercy of the sea, which was also quite rough, for about 1 hour and guides. You seem to have grounds to claim for damages. 50 minutes without a vessel in sight, and only glimpsing the outline of a reef in the distance. We The DAN Diving Safety Partner later found out from friends on the motorboat that the dhoni (which had no radio nor telephone) On our part, in light of our “prevention !rst” approach to diving safety, we have de (DSP) Programme aims at had gone back to the ship anchored in the atoll to tell them that we were lost, raising panic veloped an international programme for the identi!cation of hazards and risk assess creating, promoting and building among the Maldivian crew, as well as for one of our travel buddies who’d stayed behind on the ment for the providers of services to divers - the motorboat. Only after that, advised by the crew of another motorboat that had told them which ner - a culture of safety at all SCUBA way to go on based on the currents, was the dhoni able to spot us and rescue us. Hazard out human errorIdenti and! accident,cation and the DSP HIRA programme certi!es and rewards the diving schools, charters and DSP - I, personally, was very distressed and tired after being in the water so long, and because of the most reliable dive operations. Risk HIRA - Assessment) (DAN D - operations around the world. rough sea I needed help getting back onto the boat. Assistance was o"ered to me by my div . While impossibleiving to S totallyafety rule ing buddies – though certainly not by the two guides who only seemed concerned about who Cordially, Part- The programme identi!es the ideal would be !rst to get back onto the dhoni! Dr. Alessandro Marroni, M.D.