U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. B. WILSON, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS ETHELBERT STEWART, Commissioner BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES ) \T~ O C Q BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS) • • • • 1>|U. £ 0 0 MISCELLANEOUS SERIES HISTORICAL SURVEY OF INTERNATIONAL ACTION AFFECTING LABOR AUGUST* 1920 WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1920 Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis CONTENTS. Page. Prefatory note____________________________________________________________ * 6 Chapter I.—Introduction and summary---------------------------------------------------- 7-20 Nature of the international labor movement---------------------------------------- 7-10 Phases of the movement-j.____________________________________________ 11 Background of the movement__________________________________________ 11-14 Official international action___________________________________________ 14-17 International labor legislation_________________________________________17-19 Enforcement of labor treaties_________________________________________19, 20 Chapter II.—Historical sequence of the movement to 1890---------------- !— 21-33 Origin of the international labor movement---------------------------------------- 21-23 International Workingmen's Association_____________________________ 23, 24 Acts of organizations and private individuals_________________________ 24, 25 Action by Swiss and other Governments_______________________________25-33 Chapter III.—International political labor movement___________________ 34-64 Present internation socialist organization____________________________ 35-38 Principles and significance of the movement__________________________ 38-40 International Workingmen’s Association______________________________40-43 International socialist and labor congresses__________________________ 43-46 First and second congresses, 1866, 1867___________________________ 43,44 Third and fourth congresses, 1868, 1869__________________________ 44 Paris Commune and the International____________________________ 45,46 Fifth congress, 1872______________________________________________ 46 The International in the United States________________________________ 47 Period from 1873 to 1889_____________________________________________ 47-50 First International Labor Conference, 1883_______________________48, 49 Second International Labor Conference, 1886_____________________ 49 Events preceding Congress of 1889______________________________49, 50 The New International________________________________________________50-64 Congress of Paris, 1889___________________________________________ 51-53 Congress of Brussels, 1891________________________________________53-55 Congresses of Zurich, 1893, and of London, 1896_________________ 55-57 Congresses of Paris, 1900, and of Amsterdam, 1904______________57-59 Congress of Stuttgart, 1907______________________________________ 59-61 Congress of Copenhagen, 1910____________________________________ 61-63 Special Congress of Basel, 1912___________________________________ 63, 64 Conclusion_____________________________________________________________ 64 Chapter IV.—International trade-union movement_______________________65-82 Congress of Zurich, 1897______________________________________________ 66-68 Congress of Paris, 1900_______________________________________________ 68, 69 Extent of international trade-union movement______________________69-71 International trade-union organization_______________________________ 72 International trade-union conferences________________________________72,73 Conferences of separate trades________________________________________73-82 Transport workers_______________________________________________ 73, 74 M iners____________________________________________________________74-76 3 Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 4 CONTENTS. Chapter IV.—International trade-union movement—Concluded. Conferences of separate trades—Concluded. Page. Metal workers____________________________________________________ 76, 77 W oodw orkers____________________________________________________ 77 Other trades______________________________________________________ 77-82 Chapter V.— Semipublic and private associations and congresses----------- 83-115 Congress o f Brussels, 1897____________________________________________ 84-86 Congress of Paris, 1900________________________________________________87-89 International Association for Labor Legislation______________________89-103 First delegates’ meeting, Basel, September 27, 28,1901____________91, 92 Second delegates’ meeting, Cologne, September 23, 24, 1902---------- 92 Commission meeting at Basel, September 9-11, 1903______________ 92,93 Third delegates’ meeting, Basel, September 26, 27,1904___________93,94 Fourth delegates’ meeting, Geneva, September 27-29, 1906_______ 94-98 Fifth delegates’ meeting, Lucerne, September 28-30, 1908________ 98,99 Sixth delegates’ meeting, Lugano, September 26-28,1910________ 99-101 Seventh delegates’ meeting, Zurich, September 10-12, 1912------101-103 International Federation for the Observance of Sunday------------------ 103=106 Permanent International Committee of Social Insurance____________106-109 International Conferences on Social Insurance________________ 108,109 International Congresses on Occupational Diseases________________ 109,110 International Association on Unemployment_______________________ 110-113 International Home Work Organization__________________________ 113-115 First International Congress, Brussels, September 15-17,1910_113-114 Second International Congress, Zurich, September 8, 9, 1912__ 114,115 Chapter VI.—Official international labor conferences and treaties, 1890-1913______________________________________________________________116-137 Conference of Berlin, March 15-29,1890____________________________ 116-118 Intervening events, 1890-1905______________________________________ 118,119 Conference of Bern, May 8-17, 1905_________________________________ 119-123 Negotiations among the Powers____________________________________ 123-125 Diplomatic Conference of Bern, September 17-26, 1906_____________125-128 Results of the Bern convention on night work_______________________ 128-132 Results of the convention prohibiting the use of white phosphorus. 132,133 Second International Peace Conference at The Hague, August, 1907 _ 133,134 Bern Conference, September 15-25, 1913___________________________ 134-137 Chapter VII.—Protective labor treaties________________________________ 138-162 Franco-Italian treaty, April 15, 1904________________________________138-142 Swiss-Italian treaty, July 13, 1904____________________________________ 142 German-Italian treaty, December 3, 1904___________________________ 142,143 German-Austro-Hungarian treaty, January 19, 1905__________________ 143 Luxemburg-Belgian treaty, April 15, 1905__________________________ 143,144 German-Luxemburg treaty, September 2, 1905______________________144,145 Franco-Italian treaty, January 20, 1906_______________________________ 145 Franco-Belgian treaty, February 21,1906___________________________ 145,146 National accident insurance acts, 1901-1906__________________________ 146 Franco-Italian- treaty, June 9, 1906_________________________________ 146,147 Franco-Luxemburg treaty, June 27, 1906______________________________ 148 Franco-German understanding with reference to letters rogatory_____ 148 German-Dutch treaty, August 27, 1907_____________________________148,149 Franco-British treaty, July 3, 1909_________________________________ 149,150 Hunga rian-Italian treaty, September 19, 1909_______________________150,151 Franco-Italian treaty, June 10, 1910________________________________151-153 Franco-Italian arrangement, August 9, 1910_________________________ 153 Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis CONTENTS. 5 Chapter VII.—Protective labor treaties^—Concluded. 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German-Swedish treaty, May 2, 1911----------------------------------------------------- 153 Franco-Danish treaty, August 9, 1911_______________________________ 153,154 Swedish-Danish sick funds agreement______________________________ 154,155 Spitzbergen draft convention, January 2'6, 1912_______________________ 155 German-Belgian treaty, July 6, 1912________________ _______________ 155,156 German-Italian treaty, July 31, 1912________________________________ 156-158 German-Spanish accident agreement respecting sailors, November 30, 1912, and February 12, 1913---------------------------------------------------- 158,159 Italian-American treaty, February 25, 1913_________________________ 159^ 160 Franco-Swiss agreement, October 13, 1913__________________________ 160,161 Italian-German war arrangement, May 12-21, 1915________________ 161,162 Chapter VIII.—Arguments for and against international labor regula­ tion ___________________________________________________________________ 163-166 Opposition from Governments, employers, and employees___________163,164 Other objections to international labor regulation__________________ 164,165 Obstacles to international action___________________________________ 165,166 Appendix I.— Treaties and conventions affecting labor_________________167-212 Bern conventions_____________ _______________________________________167-169 Agreements as to equality of treatment of native and alien workers- 170-212 Savings bank agreements______________________________________