INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC ACADEMY th 8 INTERNATIONAL POSTGRADUATE SEMINAR ON OLYMPIC STUDIES 4/5 - 14/6/2000 th 5 INTERNATIONAL SESSION FOR RESIDENTS OR DIRECTORS OF NATIONAL OLYMPIC ACADEMIES AND OFFICIALS OF NATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEES 2/6 - 8/6/2000 ANCIENT OLYMPIA GREECE ISBN: 960-8144-33-7 ISSN: 1108-6831 Published and edited by the International Olympic Academy. Scientific supervisor: Dr. Konstantinos Georgiadis/IOA Dean. Athens 2001 EPHORIA OF THE INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC ACADEMY President Nikos FILARETOS (I.O.C. Member) 1st Vice-Président Georgios MOISSIDIS 2nd Vice-Président Spiros ZANNIAS Dean Konstantinos GEORGIADIS Member ex-officio Lambis NIKOLAOU (I.O.C. Member) Members Dimitris DIATHESSOPOULOS Georgios YEROLIMBOS Ioannis THEODORAKOPOULOS Epaminondas KIRIAZIS Cultural Consultant Panayiotis GRAVALOS Honorary President Juan Antonio SAMARANCH Honorary Vice-Président Nikolaos YALOURIS 3 THE HELLENIC OLYMPIC COMMITTEE President Lambis NIKOLAOU (I.O.C. Member) 1st Vice-Président Ioannis PAPADOYANNAKIS 2nd Vice-Président Emmanuel KATSIADAKIS Secretary General Dimitris DIATHESSOPOULOS Treasurer Athanassios BELIGRATIS Deputy Secretary General Ioannis PSILOPOULOS Deputy Treasurer Andreas ARVANITIS Member ex-officio Nikos FILARETOS (I.O.C. Member) Members Georgios ALIKAKOS Georgios ANEMOYANNIS Georgios VASSILAKOPOULOS Ioannis VASSILIADIS Georgios YEROLIMBOS Georgios DROSSOS-PAPPAS Spiros ZANNIAS Pavlos KANELLAKIS Kostas KARABETSOS Georgios LISSARIDIS Efstratios MOLIVAS Georgios MONAHOS Georgios MOISSIDIS Athanassios PRAGALOS Georgios SAKELLION Ioannis SGOUROS Freddy SERPIERIS Konstantinos TRIVELAS Georgios HALKIDIS Theodoros HAMAKOS Christos CHRISTODOULATOS 4 I.O.C. COMMISSION FOR THE IOC COMMISSION FOR CULTURE AND OLYMPIC EDUCATION President Zhenliang HE IOC member in China Vice-Président Nikos FILARETOS IOC member in Greece Members Fernando Ferreira Lima BELLO IOC member in Portugal Valeriy BORZOV IOC member in Ukraine Ivan DIBOS IOC member in Peru Sinan ERDEM IOC member in Turkey Nat INDRAPANA IOC member in Thailand Carol Anne LETHEREN IOC member in Canada General Major Francis NYANGWESO IOC member in Uganda Lambis W. NIKOLAOU IOC member in Greece General Mounir SABET IOC member in Egypt Ching-Kuo WU IOC member in Chinese Taipei S.E.M. Mohamed ZERGUINI IOC member in Algeria Representatives of IFs Juan Angel CALZADO Klaus SCHORMANN Representatives of NOCs George MOISSIDES Fern. BELTRANENA VALLADARES 5 Representatives of ANOC Henri SERANDOUR Representatives of Athletes Charmaine CROOKS Philippe RIBOUD Individual members Vittorio ADORNI Helen BROWNLEE Judge Conrado DURANTEZ Jean DURRY Kostas GEORGIADIS Yoon-bang KWON Marc MAES Alicia MASONI de MOREA Luis MONREAL Norbert MÜLLER Robert PARIENTE Thomas ROSANDICH Secretariat General Secretariat 6 PROLOGUE In this Report, the works of two I.O.A.'s sessions, which were held in the premises of Ancient Olympia during the year 2000, are pub- lished. a) the works of the 8th International Postgraduate Seminar on Olympic Studies, b) the works of the 5th International Session for Presi- dents or Directors of NOAs and officials of NOCs. The 8th International Postgraduate Seminar on Olympic Studies was organised from the 4th of May until the 14th of June. The 32 students who took part in this Seminar came from 24 countries. Moreover, two representatives of the I.O.C. attended the works of the Seminar and presented the work and the activities of the Olympic Museum of Lausanne. In this Report also, all the students papers, which sum up to 32, are presented. The topics of the papers cover a wide range of the Olympic Movement. Once more, the students level was high and their papers remarkable. Many of these papers were original researches by postgraduate students that stand up to the Olympic scientific re- search that is done by the I.O.A. Fourteen professors from 10 different countries attended the works of the Seminar. Professors Dr. W. Decker, Dr. S. Miller and Dr. E. Albanidis, presented topics relative to: Sport before the Greeks, Sport in Early Greece (Minoan-Mycenaean Civilization and Homer), the An- cient Olympic Games, the early hellenistic stadium at Nemea and its contribution to our understanding of ancient athletics, the evolution of the Greek stadium as an architectural form and its reflection of the changing status of athletics in ancient society as well as the starting mechanisms for the ancient foot race. During the second part of the Seminar professors Dr. R. Mechikoff and D. Wallechinsky and Dr. K. Georgiadis covered topics related to the history of the modem Olympic Games, such as the renovation of the Olympic Games and the inspiration and innovation: the philosphi- cal contributions of Pierre de Coubertin, and different historical aspects of the Summer and Winter Olympic Games. 7 During the third week of the Seminar, professors Dr. B. Cram, Dr. M. Ajisafe and Dr. R.M. Répond dealt with topics related to the social aspects of sport in the Olympic Movement, i.e. postmodernism -the rediscovery of the body- the sportification of the society, the internal differentiation of sport, a critical pedagogical review of post modern modes of sport from the perspective of a contemporary intrepretation of Olympism, the consequences for sport coaching / management and the education of sport coaches / managers as well as the Olympic Movement in Africa. During the fourth part of the Seminar Professors Dr. J. MacAloon, Dr. B. Houlihan and Dr. H. Ren presented to the students topics cov- ering the fields of I.O.C. 2000 Commission Process, the Olympic Move- ment and the international policies on sport, doping in sport and why opposing it, problems of Olympic Movement in the developing countries and problems in connecting sport with culture and education. Finally, the Seminar closed with the lectures of Dr. B. Kidd and Dr. J. Dally related to human rights in sports, athletes rights and spec- tators rights, the Olympic Games as an arena of honor for the display of ethical values in sport and the contemporary sporting values. We should also note that this year, for the first time, two professors from Loughborough University, Dr. Ian Henry and Dr. Eleni Theodoraki, took part in the last evaluation part of the Seminar's works. According to the agreement between the University of Loughborough and the I.O.A., the students of the Postgraduate Seminar after having succesfully sat an exam, they get 30 credits from the University of Loughborough. The 50% of the grade depends on the students short paper, 25% on the students critical review on the works of the Seminar and 25% on the oral examination that students are subjected to. Thir- teen students of the 8th Postgraduate Seminar took part in the evalu- ation program while twelve of them passed the exam. The 5th International Session for Presidents or Directors of National Olympic Academies and Officials of National Olympic Committees was held from the 2nd of June until the 8th of June 2000. The Session focused on the "Various models of effective education: Options and methods of implementation and evaluation strategies". Members and Officials of NOAs and NOCs took part in the Session. The purpose of the Session was, first, to further educate the officials on Olympic Edu- cation topics and second, to secure those prerequisites that are nec- 8 essary for the harmonious cooperation among the officials of the two statutory organizations of the Olympic Movement. There were 96 par- ticipants (72 male-24 female) coming from 62 NOAs and 27 NOCs. Seventy of them represented the 62 NOAs while thirty three the 27 NOCs, respectively. The eight lecturers (3 female-5 male) presented with clarity the theoretical framework of the Olympic Education programs as well as the methods of their implementation and the results of their evaluation. For one more year, the NOAs and NOCs representatives presented the numerous activities related to the Olympic Education in their coun- tries. In total, 29 short presentations were presented, mainly referring to the remarkable work of the NOAs. The works of the Session closed with the presentation of the con- clusions from 8 work-teams (2 french-speaking and 6 english-speak- ing). The conclusions of the Session are published in the Report and refer to the definition of the meaning of the Olympic Education, the teaching methods, the multicultural education, the NOAs activities as well as the cooperation between the NOCs and the NOAs. The I.O.A. and the HOC with the publication of this Report, continue their valuable offer to the Olympic Movement. A Movement that is based on the educational value of sports that focus on the harmonious shaping of the morals and the character of young people. A Movement that is based on the educational procedure that supports the partici- pation of Arts and Spirit in the Games and put emphasis on the civi- lization and the human dignity. Dr. Kostas Georgiadis Dean of the I.O.A. 9 8th INTERNATIONAL POSTGRADUATE SEMINAR ON OLYMPIC STUDIES 4/5 - 14/6/2000 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS LECTURERS Dr. Konstantinos GEORGIADIS 52, Dimitrios Vikelas Avenue Dean, International Olympic 152 33 Halandri, Athens Academy GREECE Prof. Dr. Wolfgang DECKER Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln, Institut für Sportgeschichte Carl-Diem-Weg 6, D-50 927 Köln GERMANY Prof. Dr. Evaggelos ALBANIDIS "Democritus" University of Thrace Department of Physical Education & Sports Science 691 00 Komotini, GREECE Prof. Dr. Stephen MILLER Nemea Excavations University . of California, Berkeley Archea Nemea, 205 00, Korinthia GREECE Mr. David WALLECHINSKY 6, Place de l' Eglise 13520, Maussane Les Alpilles FRANCE Prof. Dr. Robert MECHIKOFF Department of Exercise and Nutritional Science San Diego State University San Diego, California, 92182 USA Prof. Dr. Mike AJISAFE Dr. P.O. Box 2511 Doha, QATAR Bart CRUM University of Tilburg Helene Swarthlaan 33 1422 KG Uithoorn THE NETHERLANDS Prof. Dr. Rose-Marie REPOND Faculté des Sciences Sociales et Politiques, Institut des Sciences du Sport et de l' Education Physique Université de Lausanne Villa des Sports-Dorigny CH-1015, Lausanne SWITZERLAND 13 Prof. Dr. John MacALOON Professor and Associate Dean Graduate Division of the Social Sciences University of Chicago 5828 S.