ATHI WATER SERVICES BOARD CONSULTANCY SERVICES FOR PRELIMINARY AND DETAILED DESIGN AND TENDER DOCUMENTATION FOR THE NAIROBI RIVERS SEWERAGE IMPROVEMENT PROJECT (NaRSIP) PHASE II ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FRAME Consultants Ltd Athi Water Services Board rd Consulting Civil, Structural & Geotechnical Africa Re-Centre 3 Flr, Hospital Rd Engineers P.O Box 45283-00100 Nairobi, Kenya Pension Towers, Loita Street Tel: 254 020 2724292/3 P.O. Box 58624-00200 Nairobi, Kenya Fax: 254 020 2724295 Tel: 020 2213744/2251505 Email: [email protected] Fax: 020 2213990 Website: www.awsboard.go.ke E-mail: [email protected] Website:www.frameconsultants.com DECEMBER 2016 Athi Water Services Board Nairobi Rivers Sewerage Improvement Project (Phase II) NEMA REPORT SUBMISSION DETAILS Completed By: Signed ……………………..….Date…………………………. Frame Consultants Limited LEAD EXPERT NEMA REG NO. 1711 PROPONENT Signed …………………………….Date…………………………. Name……………………………………………………………….. ATHI WATER SERVICES BOARD (AWSB) HEAD PLANNING AND ENGINEERING SERVICES DEPARTMENT Disclaimer: This Environmental Impact Assessment Study Report is based on literature review, preliminary feasibility and design reports and findings from field assessment. It is strictly confidential and any materials thereof should strictly be used in accordance with agreement from the management of Athi Water Services Board (AWSB). It is however, subject to conditions in the Environmental Management and Coordination Act 1999, Environmental (Impact Assessment and Audit) Regulations, 2003 and African Development Bank Operation Safeguards Policies 1,2,3,4,&,5. Athi Water Services Board Nairobi Rivers Sewerage Improvement Project (Phase II) LIST OF ACRONYMS AFDB African Development Bank AWSB Athi Water Services Board BOD Biological Oxygen Demand EA Environmental Assessment EHS Environment Health and Safety ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESMMP Environment and Social Management & Monitoring Plan EMCA Environmental Management and Coordination Act KFS Kenya Forest Service KNBS Kenya National Bureau of Statistics KWS Kenya Wildlife Services NARSIP Nairobi Rivers Sewerage Improvement Project NEAP National Environment Action Plan NEMA National Environment Management Authority NCWSC Nairobi City Water and Sewerage Company OS Operation Safeguards PAPs Project Affected Persons PPP Private Public Participation RAP Resettlement Action Plan SDGs Sustainable Development Goals WRMA Water Resources Management Authority WWTP Waste Water Treatment Plant WSPs Waste Stabilization Ponds i FRAME Consultants Ltd ESIA Athi Water Services Board Nairobi Rivers Sewerage Improvement Project (Phase II) TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ACRONYMS ...................................................................................................................... i LIST OF TABLES ..............................................................................................................................v LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................ i CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................1 1.1 Background ...................................................................................................................................1 1.2 Project Proponent ..........................................................................................................................2 1.3 Project Justification .......................................................................................................................3 1.4 Scope of the ESIA Study ..............................................................................................................3 1.5 Study Methodology .......................................................................................................................4 1.6 Presentation of the Report .............................................................................................................5 CHAPTER TWO: PROJECT DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................6 2.1 Ownership .....................................................................................................................................6 2.2 Location ........................................................................................................................................6 2.3 Scope of Works .............................................................................................................................7 2.4 Project Activities and Cost............................................................................................................8 2.5 Land Requirement and Ownership .............................................................................................10 2.6 Construction Materials ................................................................................................................10 2.7 Time Frame .................................................................................................................................11 CHAPTER THREE: POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMNINSTRATIVE FRAMEWORK .................12 3.1 Environmental Policy Framework ..............................................................................................12 3.1.1 Constitution of Kenya ..............................................................................................................12 3.1.2 The National Environmental Action Plan (NEAP) 1994 .........................................................13 3.1.3 The National Water Resources Management Policy (1999) ....................................................13 3.1.4 Sessional paper No. 6 (1999) ...................................................................................................13 3.2 Overview of Relevant Legislation ..............................................................................................14 3.2.1 The Environmental Management and Co-ordination Act, 2015 ..............................................14 3.2.2 The Environmental Impact Assessment and Audit Regulations 2003(Legal Notice No. 101)16 3.2.3 Water Act, 2002 .......................................................................................................................16 3.2.4 The Public Health Act (Cap 242).............................................................................................17 3.2.5 Forest Act, 2005 .......................................................................................................................18 3.2.6 The Physical Planning Act, 1996 .............................................................................................19 3.2.7 The Malaria Prevention Act Cap 246 ......................................................................................20 3.2.8 The Penal Code Cap. 63...........................................................................................................20 3.2.9 Occupational Health and Safety Act ........................................................................................20 3.2.10 Land Act, 2012.......................................................................................................................22 CHAPTER FOUR: BASELINE INFORMATION ..........................................................................27 ii FRAME Consultants Ltd ESIA Athi Water Services Board Nairobi Rivers Sewerage Improvement Project (Phase II) 4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................27 4.2 Geographical Characteristics of Project Area .............................................................................27 4.2.1 Location ...................................................................................................................................27 4.2.2 Climate .....................................................................................................................................28 4.2.3 Topography ..............................................................................................................................29 4.2.5 Geology and Soils ....................................................................................................................30 4.2.6 Ecological Conditions ..............................................................................................................30 4.2.7 Physical Structures and Infrastructure .....................................................................................30 4.3 Socio Economic Profile ..............................................................................................................32 4.3.1 Population and Settlement .......................................................................................................32 4.3.2 Housing ....................................................................................................................................32 4.3.3 Land tenure and ownership ......................................................................................................33 4.3.4 Land and natural resources use ................................................................................................33 4.3.5 Social