LITTLE THINGS LITTLE THINGS M MMY SHOULD KNOW SHOULD KNOW Issued in the public interest. Pfizer Limited. The Capital, 1802/1901, Plot No. C-70 G Block, Bandra-Kurla Complex September 2020 Bandra (East), Mumbai 400 051, India. nd POST Disclaimers: 1. This booklet content is issued by Pfizer in public interest. 2. The content of this booklet is meant for informational and awareness purpose only and should not be construed as a substitute for medical advice. 3. Consult your NATAL pediatrician for guidance on the information stated herein or further information on the subject. 4. While due care and caution has been taken to ensure that the content here is free from mistakes or omissions, Pfizer makes no representations CARE or warranties of any kind, expressed or implied; as to the accuracy, completeness or adequacy of its contents and will not be liable for any damages, adverse events, and personal liability arising therefrom. PP-PNP-IND-0421, 22 Images for representation purpose only LITTLE THINGS M MMY SHOULD KNOW CONTENTS New Mom 04 Pregnancy is a time of great happiness for any couple. Your New-born 09 Every parent wishes to do everything possible to ensure a smooth pregnancy and a healthy baby and How to Breastfeed 14 mother. However, it is also a time when you are full of questions. It is important to follow your judgement Breastfeeding - Are You Finding It Dicult? 21 along with the doctor's advice to keep an eye out for any problems occurring during pregnancy. Growth Chart and Baby Development 23 Shield Your Baby 32 POST NATAL CARE NEW MOM b. Using the washroom • In case of diculty in passing urine, contact your doctor. Becoming a mother is an emotional and life altering experience. For many • Eat a balanced diet and drink plenty of water to prevent constipation. mothers, the excitement and joy of holding the new baby far outweighs the c. Bleeding challenges that taking care of a newborn • Initially, bleeding continues for the next few days after brings. childbirth. This is normal and termed as lochia. However, as a new mom, there are a few • The lochia changes from red to white in color in 2-3 weeks, essential aspects that one must know to reduces in quantity and eventually stops. enter smoothly this new phase of life. • Do not use tampons for this as they can cause infections. • Losing blood in the form of large clots needs medical attention. Things One Must Know Before Leaving • If the bleeding starts to increase again, then report this to the Hospital your doctor. • On noticing any of these signs or symptoms, immediately a. Care of stitches contact the nearest doctor or gynaecologist. • In case the stitches are sore and uncomfortable, contact your doctor. Pain in the lower abdomen Shortness of breath 04 05 POST NATAL CARE a. Diet Eat a varied, healthy and balanced diet. • Have lots of water before and after feeding c. Foods to avoid Excess vaginal bleeding Fainting • Avoid too much caeine i.e. strong tea • or coee, energy drinks, etc. Blurry vision References: 1. The pregnancy book. London, UK: Department of Health, NHS;2009. [Internet] Available at: https://www.stgeorges.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/ Pregnancy_Book_comp.pdf. CHANGES IN LIFESTYLE Accessed on: 25.09.20. 2. My safe motherhood- booklet for expecting mothers. National Health Mission. India; The introduction of a new baby demands a drastic change in a Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. [Internet] Available at: new mom's lifestyle especially in the initial weeks as the baby http://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/programmes/maternal-health/guidelines/my_safe_motherhood will need most of the mother's attention. _booklet_english.pdf. Accessed on: 25.09.20. 3. Dietary guidelines For Indians- A manual. National Institute of Nutrition; Hyderabad, India. 2nd Ed.2011.[Internet] Available at: http://ninindia.org/DietaryGuidelinesforNINwebsite.pdf. Accessed on: 25.09.20. 06 07 POST NATAL CARE YOUR NEW BORN • Immediately after birth, the baby is transferred onto the mother's breast, to develop skin-to-skin contact & bond with the mother. Newborns rapidly learn to co-ordinate sucking Do you know about and breathing in the first few days of life. This also helps in Pneumococcal disease? early milk secretion. • The baby is dried and wrapped at birth and covered, especially the head and feet.2 Yes No • The baby must pass first stools within the first 24 hours and first urine within the first 48 hours itself. • Interact with the baby as every moment the baby is learning from the mother. Ask your pediatrician about Pneumococcal disease and • Never place the child on the side, which Pneumococcal vaccine is right for your child. always place it on the back so that it doesn't choke. • Nothing should be applied on the Choose Wisely umbilical cord stump. Pfizer Limited. The Capital, 1802/1901, Plot No. C-70, G Block, Bandra-Kurla Complex, Bandra (East), Mumbai 400 051, India. 09 POST NATAL CARE CHANGES OCCURRING IN YOUR BABY'S d. Baby cry BODY AFTER BIRTH Check for these reasons - hunger, temperature not tolerable, tired and not able to sleep, lonely wanting company, bored and wants to play, wet diaper, gas, colic or fright. a. Urine 2-3 wet nappies are seen in the first 48 hours. After day 5, there will be at COMMON PROBLEMS IN A NEWBORN least 6 wet nappies every 24 hours. b. Weight COLIC JAUNDICE DIARRHEA/ BLEEDING Initially, most babies lose weight up to Excessive crying, Is common at VOMITING Look out for any day 3 to 5. Babies start gaining weight but otherwise three days age. Substantial part bleeding either thriving baby, from the stump after that, and the birth weight is Causes of feeds are may be having of the umbilical discoloration of thrown up or regained in the first 2 weeks naturally. a colic. cord or from skin and eyes to there is watery the nose. c. Stools The baby has no yellow color. diarrhea for over feeding issues 2 weeks, it It might take 10 or Initially, black tar-like stool (poop) is passed by the baby called and gains weight indicates that more days to meconium. Around day 3, stools change to lighter, greenish, normally. the baby is and runnier stools, which are easy to clean. The baby should resolve. losing too Upsetting for Severe cases much fluid. pass at least two yellow stools from the 4th day till the first few parents. weeks. (continues for Needs prompt It can last for over two weeks), treatment. some weeks. need light therapy. Brown Green Yellow please consult your doctor if you notice any of these problems. Black Grey or white Red or Blood stained 10 11 POST NATAL CARE PROBLEMS REQUIRING IMMEDIATE MEDICAL ATTENTION On seeing any of these signs in your baby, immediately contact a pediatrician. • Baby crying for hours continuously,1 or in an unusual manner Do you know about • Baby turning blue or very pale,1,2 or yellow Pneumococcal vaccines? • Breathing is quick, dicult or grunting or unusual periods of breathing • Baby is unusually drowsy or doesn't seem to recognize you Yes No • A rash which does not fade and1 blanch when pressed • Loose motions Spend some time with your pediatrician discussing vaccines against References: Pneumococcal disease. 1. The pregnancy book. London, UK: Department of Health, NHS; 2009. [Internet] Available at: https://www.stgeorges.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Pregnancy_Book_comp.pdf. Accessed on: 25.09.20. Choose Wisely 2. My safe motherhood- booklet for expecting mothers. National health Mission. India; Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. [Internet] Available at: ttp://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/ programmes/maternal-health/guidelines/my_safe_motherhood_booklet_english.pdf. Accessed on: 25.09.20. Pfizer Limited. The Capital, 1802/1901, Plot No. C-70, G Block, Bandra-Kurla Complex, Bandra (East), Mumbai 400 051, India. 12 POST NATAL CARE HOW TO BREASTFEED COLOSTRUM One must feed immediately after birth, within the 1st hour, in the delivery room itself by the breast crawl method. Benefits to Benefits to Benefits to family and the baby ontains Mother society COLOSTRUM Before milk flows from a new mom's breasts, the thick and yellowish breast 2 milk, which is secreted in the first 2-3 days is called colostrum. This 'first milk' protects the new born from • Complete food, • Saves money • Helps in involution species specific of uterus infections as it contains high concentration of protective • Promotes family immunoglobulins and white blood cells. Do not discard the • Easily digested planning • Delays pregnancy and well absorbed colostrum. • Decreases need • Lowers risk of breast • Protects against for hospitalization and ovarian cancer infection • Contributes to • Decreases mother's • Promotes emotional child survival work load boanding • Better brain growth Helping a Mother to Breastfeed 14 15 POST NATAL CARE HOW LONG SHOULD ONE BREASTFEED, AND WHEN TO INTRODUCE OTHER FOODS? The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeds for the first 6 months of life. a. infants should receive complementary foods with continued breastfeeding up to 2 years of age or beyond. b. During the 2nd year of life, one must breastfeed at least 4-6 times in 24 hours, including night feeds. LATCHING TECHNIQUES AND SIGNS OF c. One may start complementary feeding after 6 months age GOOD ATTACHMENT along with breastfeeding. a. Express a little milk on the nipples and touch the baby's lips to it. b. Wait for the baby's mouth to open wide, with the tongue POSITIONS DURING BREASTFEEDING placed down and forward. a. Feed in a sitting or lying position. c. Quickly move the baby onto the breast, with the nipple b.