INTERNATIONAL STUDENT ACADEMY INTERNATIONAL STUDENT ARTICLES - II International Student Academy International Student Articles II Editor and Translator: Ebubekir Muhammed DENIZ First Published January 2020 ISBN: 978-605-65779-4-9 Publisher: Istanbul Academy of Sciences (IBA) Printing Place: Saner Printing Service Ind.Trade.Co.Ltd. Maltepe Mahallesi Litrosyolu Sokak 2. Matbaacılar Sitesi No: 2/4 2BC3/4 - Zeytinburnu – Istanbul Tel: 0212 674 10 51-52-53 (Certificate Number: 35382) Cover Design: Funda SONGUR @Copyright 2020 This publication is in copyright. It may not be reproduced, published, or quoted except for scientific studies without written permission. Editorial / Advisory Board Ahmet KAVAS (İstanbul Medeniyet University) Muhittin KAPLAN (İstanbul University) Faruk BAL (İstanbul Medeniyet University) Hüseyin KAYA (İstanbul Medeniyet University) Dİsmail ERMAĞAN (İstanbul Medeniyet University) Salih İnci (Kırklareli University) Gökçen COŞKUN ALBAYRAK (Marmara University) Halil KURT (Marmara University) Özer SELÇUK (İstanbul Medeniyet University) The authors are solely responsible for the content of this publication. Under no cir- cumstances shall these articles reflect the views ofIstanbul Academy of Sciences (IBA) and the Presidency of Turks Abroad and Related Communities (YTB). ISTANBUL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (IBA) Buyukdere Street, Ahmet Esin Office Block, Number:4, Floor:4 Mecidiyeköy, Şişli, Istanbul. +90 (212) 211 66 56. [email protected] Contents • Presentation (YTB) 8 • Presentation (İBA) 10 • The Political Economics In The Horn Of Africa: Case Study Of The Policies Pursued By Turkey In Africa, Ethiopia And Somalia (Perspectives From Political Economics). 13 Abdırahman, Kalıd • The Roles of Non-Governmental Organizations in Combating Poverty and Inequality 31 Abdullah, Kamal Tasiu • Public Tafsir Gatherings in Northern Nigeria: A Study on Oral Tafsir Tradition. 49 Adam, Ahmad Mukhtar • Economic Regionalization in Africa: Challenges and Perspectives of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) 67 Ali, Bako Ousmane • Institutional Framework Of The Intellectual Property System Of The Republic Of North Macedonia 87 Delev, Jordan • Bosnia and Herzegovina War and the Power of the Media 109 Granilo, Asja 5 • Turkey-Egypt Relations During Sisi Period: Where is the Problem and Resolution? 117 Halaby, Heba • Afghanistan, an Important Country in Migration Movements in the World: Which Factors are Affecting Migration? 129 Hashemi, Sayed Rafee • Agricultural Imperialism in Africa 155 Ibrahim, Alidou Arzika • Historical Developments And Challenges Of Ethiopian Education 163 Mohamed, Adan • Knowledge Economy And Economic Growth: Cameroon Case 173 Moussa, Oumarou • Migration of the Bulgar Turks and the Their Experiences of Cruelty in Balkan Wars 185 Musa, Hanife • Fictionalization of International Relations in the World War I Period 197 Nazırlı, Zarifa • The Factors of Optimization of the Value Created by the Couple Turkey / Africa 215 Ngaha, Emmanuel • Re-Evaluating South Sudan Conflict (2013 -2018): The Causes, Path to Peace and Humanitarian Crisis 225 Nyadera, Billy Agwanda • Comparative Study of Indonesia and Turkey’s Secularism Implementation 255 Fikri, Rahmat 6 • Depreciation of the Georgian Lari and Interventions of the National Bank of Georgia: An Empirical Analysis 269 Salome, Gavashelishvili • Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea under The Light of International Law 287 Saparbayev, Jasurbek • Quality of Institutions and Business Environment 309 Solak, Yasin • Madrasahs in Niger 323 Zakari, Lawali Sani Toure 7 Presentation (YTB) Presidency of Turks Abroad and Related Communities (YTB) offers the world’s qualified higher education opportunities for thousands of young people from different countries with the program Turkey Schol- arships and also builds bridges of brotherhood with different geography. We’re establishing strong ties in line with the vision of the entrepreneur and humanitarian Turkey. In this respect, our Agency carries out qualified programs outside the university area for the scientific and academic development of interna- tional students. One of these programs is the International Student Acad- emy. International Student Academy is a comprehensive set of programs to strengthen the academic, social and cultural equipment of our interna- tional students in higher education in our country, to provide new oppor- tunities for interests and fields of study, to develop communication with academics, writers and artists in Turkey and to strengthen the sharing of knowledge, experience and experience among themselves. In this respect, the International Student Academy consists of semi- nars, workshops, clubs, excursions and practical works aimed at increas- ing the academic and professional equipment of the students, developing their skills in producing, realizing and managing projects and taking an active role in the field of civil society. Of course, the cooperation of non-governmental organizations and trainers contributed greatly to the realization of all these activities. In this sense, a highly qualified program was offered by Istanbul Academy of Sci- ences (IBA) within the framework of the International Student Academy in 2018 - 2019 period. The articles written by the students participating in the program re- lated to their fields of expertise were published by İBA at the end of the 8 program. This book work is a very valuable and meaningful work on be- half of our international students, Istanbul Academy of Sciences and our Presidency. We congratulate our international students and wish them success. I express my gratitude to the Istanbul Academy of Sciences and to our esteemed professors for their contributions. Abdullah EREN President of Abroad Turks and Relative Communities 9 Presentation (IBA) Istanbul Academy of Sciences (IBA) continues to provide academic and intellectual services to domestic students and international students from abroad by starting from own history and social accumulation of Tur- key, the world of knowledge and thought and universal standards. In this context, IBA continues the International Student Academy project jointly with the Presidency of Turks Abroad and Relative Communities of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism for international students. The International Student Academy, which consists of Fall and Spring semesters, hosts many students from tens of countries in a wide geogra- phy extending to the Balkans, Central Asia, the Middle East and Africa. In this period, Istanbul Academy of Sciences offers students a qualified pro- gram with a unique content as in the previous periods, within the scope of the International Student Academy. Within the scope of the program, The Academy provides ground to international students from abroad for the development of knowledge and experience with courses given by experts in the field at the levels of culture, art, science and academy. A qualified environment is creating to strengthen the academic, social and cultural equipment of international students. In addition, a multi-faceted program is implemented to enable students to adapt to the social life of our country and to promote our coun- try, culture, history and world vision in a healthy way. The International Student Academy covers a wide range of knowl- edge and ideas from history to literature, from law to cinema, from poli- tics to economy, from art to society. The program provides an intensive, rich and colorful educational environment with seminars, workshops, 10 reading groups and travel programs for on-site training. Within the scope of the International Student Academy, students coming from both Turkey and abroad meet each other and have a mutual- ly effective and qualified communication environment. In addition, with- in the scope of the program, international students have the opportunity to get to know the historical and cultural accumulation of our country, the richness of art and literature, the world of thought and their view of the world. Students have the opportunity to develop an academic-social network for the future. Within the framework of the program, students increase their academic and professional equipment and undergo an efficient pro- cess for the development of civil society awareness and organizational ca- pability, strengthening the perspective of social responsibility and social awareness. Thus, in this period when the Global World was in need and seeking a pluralistic future in the international community International Student Academy provides students with the possibilities and opportunities of- fered by the question of Turkey’s cultural diplomacy offers an important contribution to intercultural vision-based interaction. IBA considers it important to improve the academic, cultural and so- cial abilities of international students and gives priority to practices aimed at strengthening students’ research and academic writing skills within the framework of the project. This book is a collection of research and academic writing activities of the students within the scope of Interna- tional Student Academy. The review should be considered as a colorful and qualified composition of students’ knowledge and thought universes from many different points of the world and as a modest contribution at the academic level to pluralist global vision of Turkey and to cultural di- plomacy perspective. Prof. Dr. Gülfettin ÇELİK Istanbul Academy of Sciences Foundation Chairman of the board 11 INTERNATIONAL STUDENT ACADEMY INTERNATIONAL STUDENT ARTICLES