The Recovery Status Report: was developed as collaboration between the China Earthquake Administration. Department of Civil Affairs of Sichuan Province, International Labor Organization (ILO), and United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) and the International Recovery Platform (IRP) with support from the consultant Miao Hongjun. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect the views of the IRP partners. The information and advice contained in this publication is provided as general guidance only. Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information. This publication may be freely quoted but acknowledgement of source is requested. WENCHUA N EARTHQUAKE 2008: RECOVERY AND RECONST R U C T I O N IN SICHUAN PROVINCE WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE 2 0 0 8 : RECOVERY AND RECONST RUCTION IN SICHUAN P ROVINCE TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents i List of Boxes v Abbreviations vi Introduction vii PART I:Overall Review: Planning, Progress and Achievements of the Recovery 1 1. The Wenchuan Earthquake 1 1.1. Affected areas prior to the disaster ____________________________________________ 1 1.2. Damage and losses from the earthquake ________________________________________ 1 1.3. Features of the earthquake-affected areas ______________________________________ 3 2. Response to the Earthquake 3 2.1. Rescue, search and first-aid ___________________________________________________ 3 2.2. Helping disaster victims meet basic needs _______________________________________ 5 2.3. External assistance for response and relief ______________________________________ 7 3. Planning of the Recovery and Reconstruction 7 3.1. Institutional arrangement for a coordinated recovery planning ______________________ 7 3.2. Integration of disaster risk reduction into the recovery _____________________________ 9 3.3. “Build Back Better” starts with forming recovery objectives ________________________ 10 3.4. Prioritizing needs and enabling broad participation _______________________________ 11 3.5. Innovative policies and mechanisms to mobilize resources _________________________ 12 3.6. UN support for the recovery planning _________________________________________ 13 3.7. Management to ensure effective implementation ________________________________ 14 3.8. Contribution of CEA to planning ______________________________________________ 14 4. Progress and Achievement in Sichuan Two Years after the Disaster 16 4.1 Tasks of the recovery and reconstruction completed _____________________________ 16 4.2 Special efforts to care for the most vulnerable groups ____________________________ 16 4.3 Status of funds allocation and spending ________________________________________ 17 PART II:Sector Review: Good Practices 18 1. Reconstruction of Rural and Urban Dwelling Houses 18 1.1. Tasks and challenges _______________________________________________________ 18 1.2. Good practices ____________________________________________________________ 20 1.2.1. Save lands for funds to rebuild houses _________________________________________ 20 TABLE OF CONTENTS| I WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE 2 0 0 8 : RECOVERY AND RECONST RUCTION IN SICHUAN P ROVINCE 1.2.2. Safer homes for all families __________________________________________________ 21 1.2.3. Rebuild the houses to be resistant to earthquake hazards _________________________ 24 1.2.4. Villagers and officials must understand quake resistant houses _____________________ 25 1.2.5. Assisting the poor to rebuild housing __________________________________________ 25 1.2.6. Transparency in rural house reconstruction (a case study) _________________________ 27 2. Rebuilding Schools and Hospitals 28 2.1. Tasks and challenges _______________________________________________________ 29 2.2. Good practices ____________________________________________________________ 30 2.2.1. Recovery: an opportunity for “Build Back Better” ________________________________ 30 2.2.2. Efforts to improve both hardware and software _________________________________ 31 2.2.3. National program to upgrade school building safety ______________________________ 32 2.2.4. Policies and practices to ensure education recovery ______________________________ 32 2.2.5. Rebuild better health services ________________________________________________ 34 2.2.6. Pilot psychological intervention in post-disaster recovery __________________________ 34 2.2.7. Link the health sector recovery with the sector reform ____________________________ 36 2.2.8. New Sangzao Middle School (a case study) _____________________________________ 37 3. Public Utility Recovery and Reconstruction 38 3.1. Tasks and challenges _______________________________________________________ 38 3.2. Good practices ____________________________________________________________ 40 3.2.1. Restoration of power supplies to power the recovery _____________________________ 40 3.2.2. Bring safe water to thirsty people (a case study) _________________________________ 41 3.2.3. Integrated approach to reduce disaster risks in villages ___________________________ 42 3.2.4. Disaster risk awareness raising starts with children _______________________________ 44 3.2.5. Beichuan County reconstructed at a safer site ___________________________________ 45 4. Employment and Income Generation 47 4.1. Tasks and challenges _______________________________________________________ 47 4.2. Good practices ____________________________________________________________ 48 4.2.1. Twin Assistance to support employment _______________________________________ 48 4.2.2. “Pioneer farmers” to lead income generation ___________________________________ 49 4.2.3. Needs A + Needs B = Job Opportunities ________________________________________ 50 4.2.4. Conserving Qiang culture and traditions to revitalize tourism _______________________ 51 4.2.5. Create your own business (a case study) _______________________________________ 52 4.2.6. NGOs to support income-generating activities ___________________________________ 53 4.2.7. Re-settled people need employment and basic services ___________________________ 53 5. Environment and Ecosystem Restoration 55 TABLE OF CONTENTS| II WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE 2 0 0 8 : RECOVERY AND RECONST RUCTION IN SICHUAN P ROVINCE 5.1. Tasks and challenges _______________________________________________________ 55 5.2. Good practices ____________________________________________________________ 56 5.2.1. Environment-friendly reconstruction __________________________________________ 56 5.2.2. Restoration of ecosystems for the Giant Panda __________________________________ 57 5.2.3. Rapid assessment of chemical contamination (a case study) ________________________ 58 5.2.4. Learn and share experiences to heal nature _____________________________________ 59 6. Additional Good Practices 60 6.1. Sichuan supports Yushu with good recovery practices ____________________________ 60 6.2. Shanghai Twin Assistance for Dujiangyan recovery _______________________________ 62 PART III:Summary of Good Practices with Recommendations 64 1. Reconstruction of Rural and Urban Housing 65 1.1. Save lands for funds to rebuild houses _________________________________________ 65 1.2. Each family should have a safer house. ________________________________________ 66 1.3. Rebuild the houses resistant to earthquake hazards. _____________________________ 66 1.4. Villagers and officials know quake resistant houses. ______________________________ 66 1.5. Assisting the poor to rebuild housing. _________________________________________ 66 1.6. Transparency in rural house reconstruction. ____________________________________ 67 2. Rebuilding Schools and Hospitals 67 2.1. Recovery, an opportunity for “Build Back Better” ________________________________ 67 2.2. Improve hardware and software ______________________________________________ 67 2.3. National program to upgrade school building safety ______________________________ 67 2.4. Policies and practices to ensure education recovery ______________________________ 68 2.5. Rebuild better health services ________________________________________________ 68 2.6. Pilot psychosocial intervention in post disaster recovery __________________________ 68 2.7. Link the health sector recovery with the sector reform ____________________________ 68 2.8. New Sangzao Middle School _________________________________________________ 69 3. Public Utility Recovery and Reconstruction 69 4.1 Restoration of power supply to power the recovery ______________________________ 69 4.2 3.2– Bring safe water to thirsty people _________________________________________ 69 4.3 Integrated approach to reduce disaster risks for villages ___________________________ 69 4.4 Disaster risk awareness raising starts with children _______________________________ 69 4.5 Beichuan County reconstructed at a safer site ___________________________________ 69 4. Employment and income generation 70 4.1 Twin Assistance to support employment _______________________________________ 70 4.2 “Pioneer farmers” to lead income generation ___________________________________ 70 TABLE OF CONTENTS| III WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE 2 0 0 8 : RECOVERY AND RECONST RUCTION IN SICHUAN P ROVINCE 4.3 Needs A + Needs B = Job Opportunities ________________________________________ 70 4.4 Conserve minority culture and tradition to revitalize tourism _______________________ 70 4.5 Create your own business ___________________________________________________ 70 4.6 NGOs to assist income-generating activities _____________________________________