Learning the Nuclear: Educational Tourism in (Post)Industrial Sites BALTISCHE STUDIEN ZUR ERZIEHUNGS- UND SOZIALWISSENSCHAFT BALTIC STUDIES IN EDUCATIONAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES Herausgegeben von Gerd-Bodo von Carlsburg, Natalija Mažeikien und Airi Liimets Edited by Gerd-Bodoė von Carlsburg, Natalija Mažeikien and Airi Liimets ė BAND 36 Zu Qualitätssicherung und Peer Review Notes on the quality assurance and peer der vorliegenden Publikation review of this publication Die Qualität der in dieser Reihe Prior to publication, erscheinenden Arbeiten wird the quality of the work vor der Publikation durch die published in this series is reviewed Herausgeber der Reihe geprüft. by editors of the series. BALTISCHE STUDIEN ZUR ERZIEHUNGS- Natalija Mažeikien (ed.) UND SOZIALWISSENSCHAFT ė BALTIC STUDIES IN EDUCATIONAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES Herausgegeben von Gerd-Bodo von Carlsburg, Natalija Mažeikien und Airi Liimets Learning the Nuclear: Edited by Gerd-Bodoė von Carlsburg, Natalija Mažeikien and Airi Liimets Educational Tourism in ė (Post)Industrial Sites BAND 36 Zu Qualitätssicherung und Peer Review Notes on the quality assurance and peer der vorliegenden Publikation review of this publication Die Qualität der in dieser Reihe Prior to publication, erscheinenden Arbeiten wird the quality of the work vor der Publikation durch die published in this series is reviewed Herausgeber der Reihe geprüft. by editors of the series. Bibliographic Information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available online at http://dnb.d-nb.de. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. This monograph is written in the framework of the research project ‘The Didactical Technology for the Development of Nuclear Educational Tourism in the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant (INPP) Region (EDUATOM)’. The project has received funding from European Regional Development Fund (project No 01.2.2-LMT-K-718-01-0084) under grant agreement with the Research Council of Lithuania (LMTLT). The monograph is approved for publishing by the Council of the Faculty of Social Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania (Ref. No. 54-1). Reviewers : Prof. Dr. Velta Lubkina, Rezekne Academy of Technologies, Latvia Assoc. Prof. Dr. Maja ukuši , University of Split, Croatia. ISSNĆ 1434-8748ć ISBN 978-3-631-84163-1 (Print) E-ISBN 978-3-631-84734-3 (E-PDF) E-ISBN 978-3-631-84735-0 (EPUB) E-ISBN 978-3-631-84736-7 (MOBI) DOI 10.3726/b18090 Open Access: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 license. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ © Natalija Mažeikien Peter Lang – Berlin ∙ Bern ∙ Bruxelles ∙ New Yorkė, 2021. ∙ Oxford ∙ Warszawa ∙ Wien This publication has been peer reviewed. www.peterlang.com Bibliographic Information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Cover image: Lisi Raskin, Ignalina Heights Promotional Material, 2020. A3, poster. Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available online at ‘Ignalina Heights’ by artist Lisi Raskin is a fictional real estate development http://dnb.d-nb.de. that imagines a future residential neighborhood on the grounds of the Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data decommissioned Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant in Lithuania. The promotional A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the poster consists of a photograph that captures an ominous swell in the lake Library of Congress. whose waters were once used to cool the reactor core. The slogan refers to a half- life or a period of decay of radionuclides. In the case of the waste from This monograph is written in the framework of the research project ‘The Ignalina, the half- lives of various isotopes range from hundreds to millions of Didactical Technology for the Development of Nuclear Educational Tourism in years, eclipsing the history of human civilization. the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant (INPP) Region (EDUATOM)’. The project has received funding from European Regional Development Fund (project No 01.2.2-LMT-K-718-01-0084) under grant agreement with the Research Council of Lithuania (LMTLT). The monograph is approved for publishing by the Council of the Faculty of Social Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania (Ref. No. 54-1). Reviewers : Prof. Dr. Velta Lubkina, Rezekne Academy of Technologies, Latvia Assoc. Prof. Dr. Maja ukuši , University of Split, Croatia. ISSNĆ 1434-8748ć ISBN 978-3-631-84163-1 (Print) E-ISBN 978-3-631-84734-3 (E-PDF) E-ISBN 978-3-631-84735-0 (EPUB) E-ISBN 978-3-631-84736-7 (MOBI) DOI 10.3726/b18090 Open Access: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 license. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ © Natalija Mažeikien Peter Lang – Berlin ∙ Bern ∙ Bruxelles ∙ New Yorkė, 2021. ∙ Oxford ∙ Warszawa ∙ Wien This publication has been peer reviewed. www.peterlang.com Table of Contents List of Abbreviations .......................................................................................... 9 Natalija Mažeikienė Introduction. Nuclear Tourism as an Emerging Area of Learning about Nuclear Energy ......................................................................................................... 11 Ilona Tandzegolskienė Revisiting Educational Potential of the Industrial Heritage Tourism: Ruhr Area in Germany and Ignalina Power Plant Region in Lithuania ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 19 Linara Dovydaitytė The Pedagogy of Dissonant Heritage: Soviet Industry in Museums and Textbooks .................................................................................................................. 65 Ineta Dabašinskienė Place and Language Transformations in a Post- Soviet Landscape: A Case Study of the Atomic City Visaginas .................................................................... 111 Eglė Gerulaitienė and Natalija Mažeikienė Energy Tourism at Nuclear Power Plants: Between Educational Mission and Retention of “Safety Myth” .......................................................................... 135 Natalija Mažeikienė and Eglė Gerulaitienė Chernobyl Museum as an Educational Site: Transforming “Dark Tourists” Into Responsible Citizens and Knowledgeable Learners ................ 175 Magdalena Banaszkiewicz Fun in the Power Plant. Edutainment in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone Tourism .................................................................................................................. 225 Lina Kaminskienė What We Find Outdoors: Discovering Nuclear Tourism Through Educational Pathways .......................................................................................... 239 8 Table of Contents Judita Kasperiūnienė Innovative Technological Solutions in Virtual Nuclear Education .............. 273 Odeta Norkutė and Natalija Mažeikienė Energy Literacy in Geography Curriculum: Redefining the Role of Nuclear Power in Changing Energy Landscapes .............................................. 313 List of Figures ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 375 List of Tables ...................................................................................................... 379 About the Authors ........................................................................................... 381 List of Abbreviations ACM Association for Computing Machinery AGR Advanced Gas- Cooled Reactors ANSTO Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation AR Augmented reality BBC British Broadcasting Corporation CEE Central and Eastern Europe CEZ Chernobyl Exclusion Zone CO2 Carbon Dioxside EDF Électricité de France S.A ELTA Lithuanian News Agency EU European Union GI Graphical interface GIS Geographic Information System GT Geospatial Technologies HBO Home Box Office company IBL Inquiry- based Learning ICOMOS International Council on Monuments and Sites INPP Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant IT Information Technologies LL Linguistic Landscape Lithuanian SSR Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic MW Megawatt NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration NPP Nuclear Power Plant OECD Organisation for Economic Co- operation and Development OPAL Online performance and learning PBL Problem- based Learning PPE Personal Protective Equipment RBMK Reaktor bolshoy moshchnosty kanalny Реактор Большой Мощности Канальный (in Russian) RES Renewable Energy Sources SL Service- learning newgenprepdf 10 List of Abbreviations STEAM Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics STEM Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics TASS Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union TICCIH The International Committee for the Conservation of the Industrial Heritage UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNSCEAR United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation USA United States of America USSR Union of Soviet Socialist Republics VLE Virtual Learning Environment VR Virtual reality WHO World Health Organisation WNA World Nuclear Association Natalija Mažeikienė Introduction. Nuclear Tourism as an Emerging Area of Learning about Nuclear Energy Sites of nuclear energy research, development and testing of nuclear weapons, atomic energy reactors or places