CORRIDOR Vc IN FBIH: SECTION MOSTAR SOUTH INTERCHANGE-TUNNEL KVANJ Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Study 1 CORRIDOR Vc IN FBIH: SECTION MOSTAR SOUTH INTERCHANGE-TUNNEL KVANJ Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Study Table of Contents 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Overview .................................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Objectives................................................................................................................................................. 2 1.3 Project parties .......................................................................................................................................... 2 1.4 ESIA disclosure package structure ............................................................................................................. 2 1.5 Contact details .......................................................................................................................................... 3 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Project overview ....................................................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Project location ........................................................................................................................................ 6 2.3 Project history and timeframe .................................................................................................................. 9 2.4 Project components ................................................................................................................................ 11 2.4.1 Interchange “Mostar jug” ............................................................................................................... 11 2.4.2 Toll station “Mostar jug” ................................................................................................................. 11 2.4.3 Tunnel “Aerodrom” ....................................................................................................................... 12 2.4.4 Overpass “Mostar” ........................................................................................................................ 12 2.4.5 Overpass “Aerodrom” ..................................................................................................................... 13 2.4.6 Underpass “Kosor” ........................................................................................................................ 14 2.4.7 Bridge “Buna” ................................................................................................................................ 15 2.4.8 Bridge “Bunica” .............................................................................................................................. 17 2.4.9 Viaduct “Brijeg” ............................................................................................................................. 18 2.4.10 Surface water drainage and treatment system ............................................................................... 20 2.5 Associated facilities ................................................................................................................................ 22 2.5.1 Local roads .................................................................................................................................... 22 2.5.2 Local infrastructure........................................................................................................................ 24 2.5.3 Disposal site Rotimlja ..................................................................................................................... 25 2.5.4 Borrow pits .................................................................................................................................... 26 2.6 Construction activities ............................................................................................................................ 27 2.7 Project area of influence ......................................................................................................................... 28 3 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ............................................................................................................. 30 3.1 No-project alternative ............................................................................................................................ 30 3.2 Alternative routes ................................................................................................................................... 30 3.3 Alternative project components .............................................................................................................. 36 4 POLICY, LEGISLATIVE AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXT ........................................................................... 37 4.1 National requirements ............................................................................................................................. 37 4.2 Lender’s requirements ............................................................................................................................ 42 4.3 EU requirements ..................................................................................................................................... 44 5 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE ............................................................................................................. 46 5.1 Assumptions and limitations ................................................................................................................... 46 5.2 Flora and fauna ....................................................................................................................................... 48 5.2.1 Background information ................................................................................................................ 48 5.2.2 Habitats ......................................................................................................................................... 48 5.2.3 Flora .............................................................................................................................................. 52 5.2.4 Fauna ............................................................................................................................................ 58 5.2.5 Critical Habitat Assessment ............................................................................................................. 77 i CORRIDOR Vc IN FBIH: SECTION MOSTAR SOUTH INTERCHANGE-TUNNEL KVANJ Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Study 5.2.6 Protected areas ............................................................................................................................. 78 5.2.7 Potential Natura 2000 sites ............................................................................................................ 82 5.2.8 Ecosystem services ........................................................................................................................ 84 5.3 Water ..................................................................................................................................................... 86 5.3.1 Hydrology ...................................................................................................................................... 86 5.3.2 Hydrogeology ................................................................................................................................ 87 5.3.3 Water quality ................................................................................................................................ 89 5.4 Air quality ............................................................................................................................................... 91 5.5 Land ....................................................................................................................................................... 94 5.5.1 Geomorphology ............................................................................................................................. 94 5.5.2 Geology ......................................................................................................................................... 96 5.5.3 Land categorisation ....................................................................................................................... 98 5.5.4 Land use ........................................................................................................................................ 99 5.6 Climatic characteristics of the project area ............................................................................................ 100 5.6.1 Climatic factors ............................................................................................................................ 100 5.6.2 Climate change ............................................................................................................................. 103 5.7 Existing material assets including cultural-historical and archaeological heritage ..................................