FM 3-05.201: Special Forces Unconventional Warfare Operations

FM 3-05.201: Special Forces Unconventional Warfare Operations

FM 3-05.201 Special Forces Unconventional Warfare Operations APRIL 2003 DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Distribution authorized to U.S. Government agencies only to protect technical or operational information from automatic dissemination under the International Exchange Program or by other means. This determination was made on 15 March 2003. Other requests for this document must be referred to Commander, United States Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School, ATTN: AOJK-DT-SFD, Fort Bragg, North Carolina 28310-5000. DESTRUCTION NOTICE: Destroy by any method that must prevent disclosure of contents or reconstruction of the document. Headquarters, Department of the Army FM 3-05.201 Field Manual HEADQUARTERS No. 3-05.201 DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY Washington, DC, 30 April 2003 Special Forces Unconventional Warfare Operations Contents Page PREFACE ..................................................................................................................iv Chapter 1 OVERVIEW .............................................................................................................1-1 Unconventional Warfare Aspects............................................................................1-1 Resistance and Insurgency.....................................................................................1-3 Dynamics of Insurgencies .......................................................................................1-4 United States Sponsorship....................................................................................1-11 Information Operations in UW ...............................................................................1-18 Psychological Operations in UW...........................................................................1-19 Civil-Military Operations in UW..............................................................................1-20 Special Operations Imperatives ............................................................................1-21 Chapter 2 PREMISSION ACTIVITIES .....................................................................................2-1 Mission Analysis......................................................................................................2-1 Procedures ..............................................................................................................2-2 Products ..................................................................................................................2-5 Staff Activities ..........................................................................................................2-7 Subordinate Operational Elements .........................................................................2-9 Mission Planning ...................................................................................................2-12 Deliberate Planning Process.................................................................................2-12 Feasibility Assessment Process............................................................................2-14 DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Distribution authorized to U.S. Government agencies only to protect technical or operational information from automatic dissemination under the International Exchange Program or by other means. This determination was made on 15 March 2003. Other requests for this document must be referred to Commander, United States Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School, ATTN: AOJK-DT-SFD, Fort Bragg, North Carolina 28310-5000. DESTRUCTION NOTICE: Destroy by any method that must prevent disclosure of contents or reconstruction of the document. i FM 3-05.201 Page Postfeasibility Assessment Activities .................................................................... 2-16 Mission Preparation .............................................................................................. 2-22 Premission Training .............................................................................................. 2-23 Intelligence............................................................................................................ 2-23 Personnel.............................................................................................................. 2-24 Logistics and Communications ............................................................................. 2-24 Preemployment Preparation ................................................................................. 2-25 Time-Sensitive (Crisis-Action) Planning Process ................................................. 2-25 Emerging Missions................................................................................................ 2-25 Detailed Mission Preparations .............................................................................. 2-26 Chapter 3 EMPLOYMENT....................................................................................................... 3-1 Infiltration................................................................................................................. 3-1 Area Assessment.................................................................................................... 3-1 Development of the JSOA ...................................................................................... 3-3 Guerrilla Bases ..................................................................................................... 3-10 Development of the Resistance Organization ...................................................... 3-15 Elements of the Resistance .................................................................................. 3-18 Training the Resistance Organization................................................................... 3-34 Training the Guerrilla Force .................................................................................. 3-35 Training Staff and Auxiliary or Underground Personnel ....................................... 3-38 Combat Employment ............................................................................................ 3-43 Defensive Operations ........................................................................................... 3-48 Offensive Operations ............................................................................................ 3-48 Raids ..................................................................................................................... 3-49 Battalion (Large) Raids ......................................................................................... 3-56 Ambushes ............................................................................................................. 3-58 Categories of Ambushes....................................................................................... 3-60 Support and Sustainment ..................................................................................... 3-88 Indicators of Counterguerrilla Operations............................................................. 3-89 Chapter 4 POSTMISSION ACTIVITIES .................................................................................. 4-1 Transition ................................................................................................................ 4-1 Demobilization......................................................................................................... 4-2 Dangers of Demobilization...................................................................................... 4-5 ii FM 3-05.201 Page Appendix A UNCONVENTIONAL WARFARE IN AN URBAN ENVIRONMENT ......................A-1 Appendix B COMMUNICATIONS...............................................................................................B-1 Appendix C MEDICAL ASPECTS ............................................................................................. C-1 Appendix D LEGAL PRINCIPLES............................................................................................. D-1 Appendix E LOGISTICS CONSIDERATIONS ...........................................................................E-1 Appendix F INFILTRATION........................................................................................................F-1 Appendix G SPECIAL FORCES AREA ASSESSMENT........................................................... G-1 Appendix H AREA STUDY OUTLINE FORMAT....................................................................... H-1 Appendix I ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES ........................................................................I-1 Appendix J EXAMPLE OF TRAINING PROGRAM OF INSTRUCTION FOR RESISTANCE FORCES................................................................................. J-1 Appendix K SPECIAL FORCES CACHING...............................................................................K-1 Appendix L LINKUP OPERATIONS ..........................................................................................L-1 Appendix M DEMOBILIZATION OF GUERRILLA FORCES ....................................................M-1 GLOSSARY ................................................................................................Glossary-1 BIBLIOGRAPHY...................................................................................Bibliography-1 INDEX...............................................................................................................Index-1 iii Preface Field manual (FM) 3-05.201 provides the doctrinal basis for the conduct of unconventional warfare (UW) missions across the operational

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