Introduction to the Resolutions of the Council of Policy of Cape of Good Hope Dr. Helena Liebenberg, Kaapstad Introduction to the Resolutions of the Council of Policy of Cape of Good Hope CONTENTS INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................... 3 The Resolutions........................................................................................................................................ 4 Context: History of the Cape of Good Hope............................................................................................ 5 Searches in the Resolutions...................................................................................................................... 6 RESOLUTIONS OF THE COUNCIL OF POLICY .............................................................................. 8 Example of a Council meeting ................................................................................................................. 8 Structure of Council meeting minutes...................................................................................................... 9 Origin of the text .................................................................................................................................... 11 Language of the Resolutions .................................................................................................................. 12 Glossary.................................................................................................................................................. 13 Making the Resolutions available in printed format ..............................................................................14 Making the Resolutions available in digital format ............................................................................... 15 Transcription and editing policy............................................................................................................. 16 Footnotes ................................................................................................................................................ 17 SOURCE GUIDE ..................................................................................................................................... 18 Main sources .......................................................................................................................................... 18 Printed sources ....................................................................................................................................... 19 Dictionaries ............................................................................................................................................ 22 Internet addresses ................................................................................................................................... 23 South Africa ....................................................................................................................................... 23 The Netherlands and other places ...................................................................................................... 25 Dictionaries ........................................................................................................................................ 26 HISTORY OF THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE...................................................................................... 27 A Portuguese discovers the sea route from Europe to India................................................................... 27 The Cape and the establishment of the VOC ......................................................................................... 28 The Dutch and English together in Table Bay ....................................................................................... 29 A small Dutch fort in 1647..................................................................................................................... 30 In 1651 the first Resolutions were recorded at sea................................................................................. 31 VOC governing structures at the Cape................................................................................................... 32 The Council of Policy......................................................................................................................... 32 Designations of functionaries............................................................................................................. 33 VOC Commanders and Governors of the Cape of Good Hope ......................................................... 34 Proclamations, regulations (statutes) and ordinances......................................................................... 35 Local government............................................................................................................................... 36 Inhabitants of the Cape of Good Hope................................................................................................... 37 Indigenous peoples............................................................................................................................. 37 VOC officials ..................................................................................................................................... 39 Freemen.............................................................................................................................................. 41 Slaves ................................................................................................................................................. 43 Prisoners and bandits.......................................................................................................................... 45 Political exiles and others................................................................................................................... 46 Place names in the Resolutions .............................................................................................................. 47 The Cape of Good Hope..................................................................................................................... 48 Place names of Khoi origin ................................................................................................................ 49 Places named after members of the Council of Policy....................................................................... 51 A few place names from the East....................................................................................................... 52 Shipping along the Cape route ............................................................................................................... 53 Expeditions to other regions of Southern Africa.................................................................................... 54 Journeys mentioned in the Resolutions .............................................................................................. 55 VOC trading post/fort at Rio de la Goa, Mozambique (1720-1729).................................................. 56 British take-over of the Cape of Good Hope.......................................................................................... 57 Page 2 of 57 Introduction to the Resolutions of the Council of Policy of Cape of Good Hope INTRODUCTION Read here about • the Resolutions of the Council of Policy, • the context in which they were taken (History of the Cape of Good Hope), • and how best to consult them. On the TANAP website a map of Isaac Tirion dated 1730 shows the names of places and indigenous peoples of South Africa at that time. Page 3 of 57 Introduction to the Resolutions of the Council of Policy of Cape of Good Hope The Resolutions Situated at the southern point of Africa, the Cape of Good Hope was strategically very well placed along the trade route between the Netherlands and Asia for the supply of fresh water and food to ships. In order to secure this advantage to itself the Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC) established a settlement in 1652 and built a fort. The initially small settlement experienced a gradual growth in both its population and the land it occupied until, when the VOC rule came to an end in 1795, it had become a large colony. The Council of Policy was the highest authority of the VOC at the Cape of Good Hope. The Council discussed all problems that arose and took decisions on governing the settlement. The minutes, which include reports and decisions taken, are called the Resolutions of the Council of Policy. For nearly one and a half centuries the Council of Policy wrote millions of word on thousands of folio pages about matters concerning everyday life at the Cape. The Resolutions cover nearly every subject, for example administration, justice, law and order, education, religion, inhabitants, slaves, visitors, ships and their cargo, the military, health services, food, labour, trade (imports, exports and trading with the indigenous peoples), diplomatic relations, expeditions, weather conditions on and off shore, agricultural activities, livestock, nature conservation, land issues, loan-farms and fiscal and financial matters. The Resolutions are the main source of written accounts of pre-modern South Africa. Before you start browsing for information that could interest you as an historian, geneticist, genealogist,