Table of Contents List of Figures ................................................................................................................... v List of Tables .................................................................................................................... v List of Text Boxes ............................................................................................................. v List of Annexes ................................................................................................................ v Acronyms and Abbreviations .......................................................................................... vi Acknowledgements .......................................................................................................... 9 Definition of key terms .................................................................................................. 10 Executive Summary ......................................................................................................... xi Key messages ................................................................................................................. 16 Chapter one: Introduction ............................................................................................. 18 1.1 Background and context ................................................................................................ 18 1.1.1 Toward sustainable development in South Africa ............................................................. 18 1.1.2 Green growth and job creation as a response to the development challenges ................ 19 1.1.3 The private sector context in the region/selected countries ............................................ 21 1.2 Conceptual/analytical Framework .............................................................................. 21 1.3 Purpose and objectives of the study ........................................................................... 22 1.4 Methodology ............................................................................................................ 23 1.4.1 Project Phases..................................................................................................................... 24 1.4.1.1 Phase I: Project Inception ...................................................................................................... 24 1.4.1.2 Phase II: Data Collection and Analysis .................................................................................. 24 1.4.1.3 Phase III: Draft Report ............................................................................................................. 25 1.4.1.4 Phase IV: Validation Meeting ................................................................................................. 25 1.4.1.5 Phase V: Final Report .............................................................................................................. 25 1.5 Limitations of the study ............................................................................................. 25 1.6 Structure of the report ............................................................................................... 25 Chapter Two: Analysis of the status and potential of private sector-led green business that creates jobs in selected sectors ........................................................................................... 26 2.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 26 2.2 General status and trends in private sector green investments and businesses .............. 26 2.2.1 Barriers and enablers for private investments/businesses ................................................. 27 2.2.1.1 Barriers for private investments/businesses ............................................................................ 27 2.2.1.2 Enablers for private investments/businesses .......................................................................... 28 2.2.2 Cross-cutting enabling environment ............................................................................... 28 2.2.2.1 Regulations and standards ...................................................................................................... 28 ii 2.2.2.2 Institutional arrangements ..................................................................................................... 28 2.2.2.3 Policy instruments .................................................................................................................. 29 2.2.2.4 Financing/investment ............................................................................................................. 29 2.2.3 Scalability of private green businesses ............................................................................... 30 2.2.3.1 Use of national platforms for peer learning and green business advancement ......................... 30 2.2.3.2 Mapping of environmental performance indicators .............................................................. 30 2.2.3.3 Stimulating green financing/investments .............................................................................. 31 2.3 Energy Sector ............................................................................................................ 32 2.3.1 Existing and potential of private sector green investments/businesses ........................... 32 2.3.1.1 Existing private sector green investments/businesses ............................................................ 32 2.3.1.2 Business cases for green investments/businesses the energy sector ...................................... 34 2.3.2 Job creation through private sector green investments/businesses ................................. 35 2.3.3 Scalability of private sector green enterprises or investments/business ........................... 36 2.3.3.1 Existing enabling factors for green investments/business..................................................... 36 2.3.3.2 Gaps and challenges hindering flourishing green investment/ business .............................. 37 2.3.3.3 Opportunities to enhance the enabling environment .......................................................... 38 2.3.3.4 Learning from the COVID-19 pandemic ................................................................................ 41 2.4 Agriculture sector ...................................................................................................... 42 2.4.1 Existing and potential of private sector green investments/businesses ........................... 43 2.4.1.1 Existing private sector green investments/businesses ............................................................ 43 2.4.1.2 Business cases for green investments/businesses in the agriculture sector ........................... 44 2.4.2 Job creation through private sector green investments/businesses ................................. 45 2.4.3 Scalability of private sector green enterprises or investments/business ........................... 45 2.4.3.1 Existing enabling factors for green investments/business..................................................... 45 2.4.3.2 Gaps and challenges hindering flourishing green investment/ business .............................. 46 2.4.3.3 Opportunities to enhance the enabling environment .......................................................... 47 2.4.3.4 Learning from the COVID-19 pandemic ................................................................................ 49 2.5 Manufacturing sector ................................................................................................. 50 2.5.1 Existing and potential of private sector green investments/businesses .......................... 50 2.5.1.1 Existing private sector green investments/businesses ............................................................ 50 2.5.1.2 Business cases for green investments/businesses manufacturing sector ............................... 50 2.5.2 Job creation through private sector green investments/businesses ................................. 51 2.5.3 Scalability of private sector green enterprises or investments/business ........................... 52 2.5.3.1 Existing enabling factors for green investments/business..................................................... 52 2.5.3.2 Gaps and challenges hindering flourishing green investment/ business .............................. 53 2.5.3.3 Opportunities to enhance the enabling environment .......................................................... 53 2.5.3.4 Learning from the COVID-19 pandemic ................................................................................ 55 2.6 Waste management Sector......................................................................................... 55 2.6.1 Existing and potential of private sector green investments/businesses ........................... 56 2.6.1.1 Existing private sector green investments/businesses ............................................................ 56 2.6.1.2 Business cases for green investments/businesses waste management sector........................ 59 2.6.2 Job creation through private sector green investments/businesses ................................. 61 2.6.3 Scalability of private sector green enterprises or investments/business ........................... 61 2.6.3.1 Existing enabling factors for green investments/business..................................................... 61 iii 2.6.3.2 Gaps and challenges hindering flourishing green