ISSN No. : 2394-0344 Remarking : Vol-2 * Issue-1*June-2015 Development and Promotion of Tourism in Uttar Pradesh Abstract Uttar Pradesh is the microcosm of India, multicultural, multiracial of fabulous wealth of nature hills, valleys, rivers, forests and vast plains, viewed as the largest tourist destination in India. Uttar Pradesh boasts of 35 million domestic tourist, more than half of the foreign tourists, who visit India every year, make it a point to visit this state of Taj Mahal and Ganga.Taj Mahal, one of the seven wonder‟s of the world in Agra is also in Uttar Pradesh. There are different places one can visit in Uttar Pradesh. Agra & Jhansi are famous for their monuments. Agra itself receives around one million foreign tourists a year coupied with around twenty million domestic tourists. Its tourism promotion budget is bigger than that of government of India and half of the states of Indian union combined. Uttar Pradesh is studded with places of tourists attractions across a wide spectrum of interest to people of diverse interests. Places of interest include Varanasi, Agra, Mathura, Jhansi, Prayag, Sarnath, Ayodhya, Dudhwa National Park and Fatehpur Sikari. Please Send The seventh most populated state of the world, Uttar Pradesh is one passport acclaimed to be the oldest seat of India‟s culture and civilization. It has been regarded as the cradle of Indian civilization and culture because it is size photo in around the Ganga that the ancient cities and towns sprang up. The best Uttar Pradesh climate is experienced in between October to the month of our mail id March although the major city remains active with tourists through out the year. Realizing the tourism potential, the government has taken Rashami Goel several steps to help Uttar Pradesh to earn a name for itself in the tourism area. The major steps taken by the government include announcing the H.O.D, state policy of tourism, constituting Tourism Development Board and Deptt .of Geography, district level tourist offices and setting up special committees for S.D. P.G. College, adventure, art culture and eco tourism. Main focus of Uttar Pradesh Gaziabad tourism is to make it around the year destination with the master plans for the development of tourism both public and private sectors are now taking a lot of interest to make Uttar Pradesh the best tourism destination of India. It is prudent to check out the schedules for any of the many fairs and festivals listed on this site and plan your tour according to that it you want to experience the real Uttar Pradesh. Keywords: Please Add Some Key Words. Introduction Mathieson and Wall (1982) created a good working definition of tourism as “the temporary movement of people to destination outside their normal places of work and the residence, the activities undertaken during their stay in those destinations, and the facilities created to the cater to their needs.” Uttar Pradesh situated in the northern part of the India, Uttar Pradesh is important with its wealth of monuments and religious fervour. Geographically, Uttar Pradesh is very diverse, with Himalayan foot-hills in the extreme north, the Gangetic Plain in the centre, and the Vindya Mountain range towards the south. It is also home of India‟s most visited site. The Taj Mahal, and Hinduism‟s holiest city, Varanasi. The most populous state of Indian Union also has a rich cultural heritage, and at the heart of north India, Uttar Pradesh has much to offer. Places of interest include Varanasi, Agra, Mathura, Jhansi, Prayag, Sarnath, Ayodhya, Dudhwa National Park and Fatehpur Sikari viewed as the largest tourist destination in India, Uttar Pradesh boasts of 35 million domestic tourists.More than half of the foreign tourists, who visit India every year, make it a point to visit this state of Taj Mahal and Ganga.Agra itself receives around one million foreign tourists a year coupled with around twenty million domestic tourists. Its tourism promotion budget is bigger than 10 ISSN No. : 2394-0344 Remarking : Vol-2 * Issue-1*June-2015 that of government of India and half of the states of In 1605, Akbar died and was succeeded by his son Indian union combined. Uttar Pradesh is studded with Jahangir. The period of Jahangir saw arts and culture places of tourist attractions across a wide spectrum of reach a new high. However, politically and interest of people of diverse interests. administratively, the real power during this time rested The seventh most populated state of the with the queen Noorjehan. world, Uttar Pradesh can lay claim to be the oldest In 1627, after the death of Jahangir, his son seat of India‟s culture and civilization. It has been Shahjahan ascended the throne. The period of characterized as the cradle of Indian civilization and Shahjahan is known as the golden period of India in culture because it is around the Ganga that the art, culture, and architecture. It was during his reign ancient cities and towns sprang up. that the classical wonder Taj Mahal was built in Uttar Pradesh played the most important part memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal.He also in India‟s freedom struggle and after independence it constructed the famous Red Fort in Delhi as well as remained the strongest state politically. Most of the the Jama Masjid and Moti Mahal. Prime Ministers in India represented Uttar Pradesh in During this later life, Shahjahan was the parliament of India. All these make the state a deposed by his son Aurangzeb. Aurangzeb shifted his place that should not be left if anybody wants to capital to Delhi, where he kept his father Shahjahan understand India, as it is. imprisoned until his death. The regime of Aurangzeb History of Uttar Pradesh saw innumerable revolts and riots; the whole of Uttar Pradesh has an enormous historical Rajputana and the Decan became restive. However, it legacy. The renowned epics of Hinduism – the was during his reign that the Mugal Empire reached Ramayana and the Mahabharata-were written in Uttar its peak in terms of geographic expansion. But with Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh also had the glory of being the death of Aurangzeb in 1707, the Mughal Empire home to Lord Buddha. It has now been established declined at an amazing pace. that Gautam Buddha spent most of his life in eastern Modern-day Uttar Pradesh saw the rise of Uttar Pradesh, wandering from place to place important freedom fighters on the national preaching his sermons. scenario.Lal Bahadur Shastri, Jawaharlal Nehru, Smt The empire of Chandra Gupta Maurya Indira Gandhi, and Chaudhary Charan Singh were extended nearly over the whole of Uttar Pradesh. only a few of the important names who played a Edicts of this period have been found at Allahabad & significant role in India‟s freedom movement and also Varanasi.After the fall of the Mauryas, the present rose to become the prime ministers of this great state of Uttar Pradesh was divided into four parts: nation. Surseva, North Panchal, Kosal, and Kaushambi. The Climate of Uttar Pradesh western part of Uttar Pradesh saw the advent of the The climate of Uttar Pradesh is tropical Shaks in the second century BC. Not much is known monsoon in character, but variations exist because of of the history of the state during the times of Kanishka dissimilarity in altitudes. The Himalayan region is and his successors. moderately cold. The standard temperature varies in The Gupta Empire ruled over nearly the the plains from 3-4oC in January to 43-45oC in May whole of Uttar Pradesh, and it was during this time and June. Uttar Pradesh mainly experiences three that culture and architecture reached its peak.The distinct seasons - the cold season from October to decline of the Guptas coincided with the attacks of February, summer from March to Mid June and the Huns from Gentral Asia who succeeded establishing rainy season from March to September. The their influence right up to Gwalior in Madhya Pradesh. Himalayan region gets about 100-200cm of rain fall. The seventh century witnessed the taking over of The rainfall in the plains is heaviest in the east and Kannauj by Harshaverdhana. In 1526,Babur laid the decreases as one proceeds towards the north-east. foundation of the Mughal dynasty. He defeated Floods are a chronic problem of the state, causing Ibrahim Lodi in the battle of Panipat. Babar carried out damage to crops, life and property. Flood water during extensive campaign in various part of Uttar Pradesh. the rainy season becomes a major hindrance for He defeated the Rajputs near Fatehpur Sikari while tourists traveling to Uttar Pradesh. There are his son Humayun conquered Jaunpur and Ghazipur, infrequent cloud-bursts adding to the misery of the after having brought the whole of Awadh under his people. The most horrible floods were in 1971, when control. After Babur‟s death(1530), his son Humayun 51 of the 54 districts of the state were exaggerated forfeited the empire after being defeated at the hands and the area involved was nearly 52 lakh hectares. of Sher Shah Suri at Kannauj.After the death of Sher The eastern districts are the most Shah Suri in 1545, Humayun once again regained his susceptible to floods, the western districts somewhat empire but died soon after. less and the central region markedly less. The eastern His son Akbar proved to be the greatest of district's proneness to floods is attributed, among mughals. His established a unified empire over nearly other things, to heavy rainfall, low and flat topography, the whole of the India. During his period, Agra high subsoil water level and the silting of beds which became the capital of India and became heartland of causes river levels to rise.