Public Disclosure Authorized 'N' -4 1,-F f: R~~~~~~~~~`;r],. P.AKIS"IAN~ DRAINAGE SECTOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT' -NATIONAIL DRAINAGE PROGRAMME Public Disclosure Authorized CONCEPT FRAMEWORK NATIONAL DRAINAGE PROGRAMME Public Disclosure Authorized -i NTINIMLTDRANG .11 jIneratonl imto JUNE 1993 41~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - U ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ,_,_ _ __!_' _ __. MI. sm. y Public Disclosure Authorized NATIONAL ENGINEERING Mott SERVICESPAKISTAN (PVT) ) ) 1 MacDonald DRAINAGESERVICES Limited ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF PAKISTAN WATER A POWER DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT PAKISTAN DRAINAGE SECTOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT - NATIONAL DRAINAGE PROGRAMME MAIN REPORT: VOLUME 2 CONCEPT FRAMEWORK NATIONAL DRAINAGE PROGRAMME JUNE 1993 NE E NATIONAL ENGINEERING Mott SERVICES PAKISTAN (PVVT) 1 1 1 MacDonald 1 LIM1TED J Intcrnational Limitcd PAKISTAN DRAINAGE SECTOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT -NATIONAL DRAINAGE PROGRAMME (LIST OF VOLUMES) VOLUME I - PAKISTAN DRAINAGE SECTOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT VOLUME 2 - CONCEPT FRAMEWORK NATIONAL DRAINAGE PROGRAMME VOLUME 3 - SUPPLEMENTARY REPORTS VOLUME 4 - DATA (WATER, SOIL & AGRICULTURE) PAKISTAN-DRAINAGE SECTOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT - NATIONAL DRAINAGE PROGRAMME LIST OF CONTENTS Page Nr. List of Contents i List of Tables iv List of Figures v Abbreviations vi. LocalTerms x ConversionTable xi Soil and Water Quality Definitions xi VOLUME 2 CONCEPT FRAMEWORK NATIONAL DRAINAGE PROGRAMME CHAPTER 9 NATIONALDRAINAGE PROGRAMME 9.1 Objectives of the Programme Approach 9-1 9.2 Justification or the ProgrammeApproach 9-1 9-2.1 Problemswith Large Projects 9-1 9.2.2 Advantagesof the ProgrammeApproach 9-3 9.2.3 EconomicJustification of the ProgrammeApproach 9-3 i 9.3 Concept Framework for the Drainage Programme 9-9 9.3.1 Goals and Objectives 9-9 9.3.2 Continuity and Dependency of Schemes 9-10 9.3.3 Proposed Concept Framework 9-11 9A Preliminary Costing and rimetable ° 2 9.4.1 Drainage Interventions to be Costed 9-12 9.4.2 Budget and Timetable 9-15 9.5 Investments in Drainage Sector 9-16 APPENDIX - IX CHAPTER 10 FUTHER DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROGRAMME APPROACH 10.1 Introduction 10-1 10.2 Projects and Programmes in the Drainage Sector 10-1 10.3 Programme Preparation 10-2 10A Development of a Participatory Approach 10-3 10.5 Preparation of the National Drainage Programme Outline Terms of Reference 104 10.6 Monitoring and Research 10-6 10.6.1 Major Issue 10-6 10.6.2 Monitoring and Research Needs 10-7 10.6.3 Data Requirements 10-8 10.6.4 Research Needs 10-9 10.7 Operation and Maintenance 10-10 10.8. Drainage Cess 10-11 CHAPIER 11 ROLE FRAMEWORK FOR INSTITUTIONS AND GUIDELINES FOR ACTION (including reference to social aspects) 11.1 Introduction 11-1 11.1.1 Towards a Role Franework 11-1 11. 1.2 Policy, Standards and Legislation 11-2 11.1.3 Planning 11-2 .. 11.1.4 Monitoring and Evaluation 11-4 11. 1.5 Recurrent Physical Monitoring and Analysis 11-4 11.1.6 Implementation 11-5 11.2 Existing Situation 11-5 11.2.1 General Constraints 11-5 11.2.2 Deficiencies and Gaps in Responsibilities 11-7 11.3.3 Drainage Operation and Maintenance 11-8 11.3 Guidelines ror Action 11-9 11.3.1 Defining a Role Framework 11-9 11.3.2 Environmental Assessment 11-13 11.3.3 Monitoring and Evaluation 11-13 11.3.4 Physical Monitoring and Analysis 11-14 11.3.5 Drainage Management and Finance 11-15 CHAPTER 12 TRAINING REQUIREMENTS 12.1 Introduction 12-1 12.2 Background 12-1 12.2.1 Previous Findings 12-I 12.2.2 Current Training Programmes 12-2 123 Training Needs Assessment 12-4 12.3.1 Specific Areas for Training 12-4 12.3.2 Institutions and Staff 12-6 12.4 Recommended Training Programmes 12-8 12.4.1 Seminars and Workshops 12-8 12.4.2 In-country Training Programmes 12-9 12.4.3 Out-of-country Training 12-12 12.5 Conclusions and Future Action 12-12 APPENDIX - Xn ... LIST OF TABLES Table Nr. Page Nr. 9.1 Comparison of Projects and Programmes 9-4 9.2 Comparison of Projects and Programmes 9-6 9.3 Eftect of Delay on Equivalent Projects and Prograrvmes 9-7 9.4 Economic Gains of the Programme Approach 9-8 9.5 Concert Framework for the National Drainage Programme 9-13 9.6 Preliminary Budget and Timetable for the National Drainage Programme (Rs M at 1993 prices) 9-17 9.7 Anticipated Drainage Sector Investments 9-18 Appendix-lX Comparison of Projects and Programmes I Large Project Delayed (Establishment Trimmed) 2 Large Project Delayed (Establishment Maintained) 3 Equivalent Programme Delay (Establishment Trirmmed) 4 Equivalent Programme Delay (Establishment Maintained) 5 Analysis of Equivalent Projects and Programmes 11.1 Categories for Key Environmental Activities in Development Planning and Implementation 11-1 11.2 Irrigation. Drainage and the Environment Proposed Institutional Responsibility Chart 11-10 12.4 Seminars on Environmental Assessment in the Drainage Sector 12-10 12.5 Four Week Intensive Course on Environmental Assessment and the Drainage Sector 12-11 12.6 Training for Farmer Participation Workshops (Training for Trainers) 12-13 Appendix-XII 1 Recommendations/Activities from First Workshop on Environmental Impact Assessment in Drainage Sector in Lahore - April 1992 2 Recommendations/Activities from Two-day Seminar in Lahore - September, October 1992 3 Recommendations/Activities from Two-day Seminar in Karachi - October 1992 iv LIST OF FIGURES Figure Nr. 9.1 Comparison of Projects and Programmes 11.1 Canal Revenues and O&M Costs 11.2 BalochistanIrrigation and Power Department Key Elements HighlightingDrainage O&M 11.3 Sindh Irrigation and Power Deparanent Key Elements HighlightingDrainage O&M 11.4 WAPDA: Key Elementsof Proposed Organization to strengthen Planning and Environment 12.1 Short-term In-Country Training Programmes v LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS A Ac Acre ACE Associated Consulting Engineer (Pvt) Limited ADBP Agricultural Development Bank of Pakistan ADB Asian Development Bank ADP Annual Development Programme APCC Annual Plan Coordination Committee AXEN Assistant Executive Engineer B Bcm Billion cubic meter BM&E Benefit Monitoring and Evaluation BMIAD Balochistan Minor Irrigation and Agriculture Development C CAA Civil Aviation Authority CDWP Central Development Working Party CE Chief Engineer cfs Cubic feet per second CSU Colorado State University CWM Command Water Management D d day DRIP Drainage and Reclamation Institute of Pakistan DSEA Drainage Sector Enviromnental Assessment E EAD Economic Affairs Division EC Electrical Conductivity ECNEC Executive Committee for National Economic Council EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EPA Environmental Protection Agency EPC EnvirommentalProtection Council F FFC Federal Flood Commission FGW Fresh Ground Water FIDIC Federation Internationale des Ingenieurs- Conseils vi G g gramme GDP Gross Domestic Product GIS Geographical Information Systems GM General Manager GW gigawatt H h hour ha hectare hm hectare-meter hmi3 cubic hectometre I IBM Indus Basin Model IBMR Indus Basin Model (Revised) IBWR Indus Basin Water Authority IDA International Development Association IDC Interest during construction IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development IRA Indus River Authority ISM Irrigation System Management ISRP Irrigation System Rehabilitation Project IWASR. International Waterlogging and Salinity Research Institute K kg kilogramme km kilometre km2 square kilometre kt kilotonne kw kilowatt kwh kilowatthour L LBOD Left Bank Outfall Drain M M Million m metre M2 square metre m3 cubic metre Ma million acre Mha Million bectare Maf million acre feet M&E Monitoring & Evaluation vii ME&R Monitoring Evaluation and Review Cell Mhim million hectare meter mm millimeter mm2 square millimetre MMI Mott MacDonald International Ltd, (UK) Mt million tonne MW megawatt N NCA National Commission on Agriculture NCS National Conservation Strategy NDP National Drainage Programme NEC National Economic Council NESPAK National Engineering Services Pakistan (Pvt) Limited N/K Net Benefit Investment Ratio NPV Net Present Value NWFP North West Frontier Province 0 ODA/UK Overseas Development Administration of UK OFWM On Farm Water Management OMR Operation, maintenance & replacement O&M Operation & maintenance P PAD Provincial Agriculture Department PBME Project benefit monitoring and evaluation PC Planning Commission PCW Punjab Cotton Wheat PC-I to PC-V Planning Commission Proforma(s) PDWP Provincial Development Working Party PHED Public Health Engineering Department PEPO Pakistan Environmental Protection Ordinance PEA Punjab Engineering Academy PEPC Pakistan Environmental Protection Council PID Provincial Irrigation & Power Department PWD Public Works Department P&D Planning and Development PMW Punjab Mixed Wheat PRW Punjab Rice Wheat PSW Punjab Sugarcane Wheat R RSC Residual Sodium Carbonate RAP Revised Action Plan RBMP Right Bank Master Plan RBOD Right Bank Outfall Drain viii s s second SAR Sodium Adsorption Ratio SCARP Salinity Control and Reclamation Project SCWN Sindh Cotton Wheat North SCWS Sindh Cotton Wh.!at South SE Superintending Engineer SGW Saline Ground Water SMO SCARP Monitoring Organisation (WAPDA) SRWN Sindh Rice Wheat North SRWS Sineh Rice Wheat South T t tonne U USAID United States Agency for Intemational Development w W watt WAPDA Water and Power Development Authority WASA Water and Sanitation Agency Wh watthour WRP Water Resources Planning WSIPS Water Sector Investment Planning Study WUA Water User Association x XEN Executive Engineer y y year ix DESCRIPTlON OF LOCAL TERMS Bandat Eardhenembankment corstructed along the contour forming rectangularponds Barani Rainfed areas Bosi Winter crop grown largely