STATE ENTERPRISE RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT AGENCY SUPPLEMENTED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR CONSTRUCTION OF A NEAR-SURFACE REPOSITORY FOR RADIOACTIVE WASTE VERSION 3-2 2 May 2007 VILNIUS STATE ENTERPRISE RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT AGENCY (RATA) SUPPLEMENTED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR CONSTRUCTION OF A NEAR-SURFACE REPOSITORY FOR RADIOACTIVE WASTE Organiser of the planned economic activity State Enterprise Radioactive Waste Management Agency (RATA) Approved by: RATA director D. Janėnas Developer of the supplemented report Radioactive Waste Management Agency (rata) Issued by: RATA Head of Radioactive Waste Disposal Division S. Motiejūnas Supplementary environmental impact assessment performed and the report issued in 2005-2006 Version 3-2 Issued on 21 May 2007 Number of pages (without copies of attached documents) 295 2 LIST OF AUTHORS Author Tel. Supplemented chapters Signature Dr. Stasys Motiejūnas 52104070 Chapters 1-3, 6 and 8; /signed/ subsection 4.3.1 Karolis Zemkajus 52104070 Chapters 7 and 9 /signed/ Virginijus Šačkus 52104070 Chapter 6; subsections 4.1.3, /signed/ 4.1.5, 4.2.3 and 4.2.4 Rūta Jarašūnienė 52133139 Chapter 9 /signed/ Jonas Mažeika, Dr. Hab. 52104703 Subsections 4.1.1 and 4.3.2 /signed/ Dr. Povilas Ivinskis 52729257 Subsections 4.1.6 and 4.2.5 /signed/ Dr. Jolanta Rimšaitė 52729257 Subsections 4.1.6 and 4.2.5 /signed/ Dr. Ričardas Baubinas 52104714 Subsections 4.1.7-4.1.9, 4.2.6 /signed/ and 4.2.7 Dr. Julius Taminskas 52104706 Subsections 4.1.1, 4.1.4 and /signed/ 4.2.1 Dr. Vaidotė Jakimavičiūtė- 52104703 Subsection 4.3.2 /signed/ Maselienė Zenonas Baubonis 69941883 Subsections 4.1.8 and 4.2.7 /signed/ 3 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION................................................................................................. 7 SUMMARY............................................................................................................ 9 1. GENERAL DATA........................................................................................... 22 1.1. INFORMATION ABOUT THE ORGANISER OF THE PLANNED ECONOMIC ACTIVITY............................................................................................................................... 22 1.2. INFORMATION ABOUT THE DEVELOPERS OF DOCUMENTS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF THE PLANNED ECONOMIC ACTIVITY............................................................................................................................... 22 1.3. NAME OF THE PLANNED ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ............................................. 22 1.4. ACTIVITY STAGES................................................................................................... 22 1.5. EXPECTED DURATION OF THE ECONOMIC ACTIVITY .................................. 23 1.6. RELATION OF THE EIA REPORT WITH PLANNING AND DESIGNING STAGES 23 1.7. INFORMATION ABOUT THE LAND AREA, MATERIALS AND ENERGY RESOURCES REQUIRED FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE FACILITY.................. 24 1.8. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION RELATED TO THE PLANNED ECONOMIC ACTIVITY......................................................................................................... 24 1.9. CANDIDATE TERRITORIES FOR THE PLANNED ECONOMIC ACTIVITY..... 25 2. MAIN FACILITIES AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES ............... 29 2.1. RADIOACTIVE WASTE TO BE DISPOSED OFF................................................... 29 2.2. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF THE NEAR-SURFACE REPOSITORY.................... 32 2.3. MAIN STRUCTURES AND FACILITIES AT THE SITE OF THE NEAR- SURFACE REPOSITORY ...................................................................................................... 33 2.4. ENGINEERING BARRIERS OF VAULTS OF THE NEAR-SURFACE REPOSITORY ......................................................................................................................... 35 2.5. TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES OF THE CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF THE NEAR-SURFACE REPOSITORY; THE SYSTEM OF ITS SURVEILLANCE .... 36 3. WASTE RELATED TO THE PLANNED ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ..... 38 4. POSSIBLE IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS AND MEASURES REDUCING THIS IMPACT ..................................................... 40 4.1 GENERAL DATA ON ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS .......... 40 4.1.1. Water..................................................................................................................... 44 4.1.2. Meteorological and climatologic data (ambient air) ......................................... 85 4.1.3. Soils........................................................................................................................ 88 4.1.4. Relief...................................................................................................................... 92 4.1.5. The underground resources ................................................................................ 96 4.1.6. Biological Diversity ............................................................................................. 126 4.1.7. Landscape ........................................................................................................... 131 4.1.8. Protected Areas, Ecological Networks and Immovable Cultural Values ..... 134 4.1.9. Social-economic Environment........................................................................... 138 4.2 POTENTIAL CONVENTIONAL IMPACT ON THE NATURAL AND HUMAN ENVIRONMENT................................................................................................................... 150 4.2.1. Water................................................................................................................... 150 4.2.2. Ambient Air......................................................................................................... 158 4.2.3. Relief, Soil and Geodynamic Processes ............................................................. 163 4.2.4. Earth Depths........................................................................................................ 165 4.2.5. Biological Diversity ............................................................................................. 166 4.2.6. Landscape............................................................................................................ 168 4 4.2.7. Protected Areas, Ecological Networks and Objects of Heritage......................170 4.2.8. Social and Economic Environment ....................................................................173 4.3 POSSIBLE EFFECTS OF IONISING RADIATION ON THE NATURAL AND SOCIAL ELEMENTS OF THE NATURE ...........................................................................................178 4.3.1 Direct ionising radiation .....................................................................................178 4.3.2. Water ...................................................................................................................193 4.3.3. Ambient air .........................................................................................................245 4.3.4. Soil........................................................................................................................248 4.3.5. Underground.......................................................................................................249 5. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES .............................................................250 6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING: MONITORING PROGRAMME ..............................................................................................................................255 6.1. GENERAL .................................................................................................................255 6.2. METEOROLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL MONITORING ..........................257 6.3. MONITORING OF POLLUTION.............................................................................258 6.4. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING.......................................................................260 6.5. QUALITY ASSURANCE..........................................................................................268 6.6. DOSE ASSESSMENT ...............................................................................................269 6.7. DATA RECORDING; REPORTING AND PRESENTATION OF DATA .............269 7. EMERGENCY SITUATIONS.....................................................................271 7.1. EMERGENCY SITUATIONS DURING RADIOACTIVE WASTE DISPOSAL...272 7.1.1. Delivery of radioactive waste packages not eligible for disposal to the repository.......................................................................................................................272 7.1.2. Emergency situations during the transfer of packages...................................272 7.1.3. Accidents during the transportation of radioactive waste packages to the repository and inside the repository area...................................................................275 7.1.4. Fire in the controlled area of the repository ....................................................276 7.2. EMERGENCY SITUATIONS DURING THE REPOSITORY SURVEILLANCE AND SUBSEQUENT DEVELOPMENT STAGES..............................................................277 7.2.1. Flooding of the repository during heavy rainfall or flood ..............................277 7.2.2. Rapid degradation of engineering barriers......................................................278 7.2.3. Inadvertent intrusion into the vaults of the repository...................................278 8. POSSIBLE TRANSBOUNDARY