The Regional Overview and National Reports on the Marine Invasive Species in NOWPAP Region The Regional Overview and National Reports on the Marine Invasive Species in the NOWPAP Region NOWPAP DINRAC Northwest Pacific Action Plan Data and Information Network Regional Activity Center , No. 1 Yuhuinanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People s Republic of China Tel: +86-10-84640869 Website: http://dinrac.nowpap.org Email: [email protected] NOWPAP DINRAC Northwest Pacific Action Plan Data and Information Network Regional Activity Center UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/Publication No.10 October 2010 Contents Acknowledgement This regional overview and national reports have been compiled based on the latest data and information provided by NOWPAP member countries. It might be useful for people who are interested to the current situation in the region. DINRAC would like to acknowledge the individual contribution of Dr. Konstantin LUTAENKO from A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, for the preparation of the regional overview and national report of Russia. DINRAC is also grateful to Dr. Junsheng LI from Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Professor Toshio FUROTA and Satoko NAKAYAMA from Tokyo Bay Ecosystem Research Center, Faculty of Science, Toho University, Dr. Kyoung Soon SHIN from South Sea Environment Research Department, South Sea Institute, KORDI for preparing the national reports of China, Japan and Korea, respectively. The comments made by the Regional Coordinating Unit of NOWPAP and National Focal Points of DINRAC are also highly appreciated. Disclaimer The views expressed in the regional overview and national reports are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position of NOWPAP and NOWPAP Member States. 1 2 Contents Contents Regional Overview on Marine Invasive Species in the NOWPAP Region 1. Introduction: marine invasive species (MIS) in the NOWPAP region ……………… 2 2. Current status of the MIS within the NOWPAP region ……………………………… 3 3. List of the MIS within the NOWPAP region …………………………………………… 5 3.1. Lists/species compositions of the MIS in the NOWPAP region ……………… 5 3.2. Potential (expected) MIS in the NOWPAP sea area …………………………… 5 4. Threats and impact of the MIS to native communities and ecosystems …………… 6 4.1. Ecosystem changes (ecological) ……………………………………………… 6 4.2. Economic impacts ………………………………………………………………… 7 4.3. Public health impacts ……………………………………………………………… 7 5. Prevention, detection and management of MIS ……………………………………… 8 5.1. National and regional authorities dealing with MIS monitoring ……………… 8 5.2. Existing control and preventive measures, including status and risk d assessments ……………………………………………………………………… 9 5.3. Existing databases used for monitoring, control and prevention …………… 10 5.4. Future plans on monitoring, control and prevention ………………………… 10 6. Current national and international research projects and other initiatives on the MIS in the NOWPAP region, including priority research fields, ongoing projects and initiatives …………………………………………………………………………… 11 7. Existing gaps in relation to the global and regional developments dealing with marine and coastal biodiversity, including invasive alien species ………………… 14 7.1. Compliance with relevant global conventions and agreements …………… 14 7.2. Status of expertise and capacity building as related to MIS research; taxono-mic ability to identify MIS in member countries …………………… 16 7.3. Future needs in capacity building (including training and equipment), public awareness raising, communication, compliance and enforcement ………… 17 8. Legislation, programmes and responsible organizations related to marine and coastal biodiversity, including invasive alien species ……………………………… 17 9. Recommendations for decision-makers in terms of priority national actions, services and products ………………………………………………………………… 21 10. Conclusions and general recommendations for future NOWPAP activities …… 23 11. References …………………………………………………………………………… 24 1 National Report of China on Marine Invasive Species in the NOWPAP Region 1. Introduction: marine invasive species (MIS) in China ……………………………… 28 2. Current status of the MIS in China (within the NOWPAP region) ………………… 28 2.1. Pathways (vectors and routes) of introduction of MIS to China ……………… 28 2.2. List of the MIS in China …………………………………………………………… 30 3. Threats and impact of the MIS to native communities and ecosystems ………… 31 3.1. Ecosystem Changes …………………………………………………………… 31 3.2. Economic impacts ……………………………………………………………… 32 3.3. Public and health impact ……………………………………………………… 32 4. Prevention, detection and management of MIS …………………………………… 33 4.1. National/local authorities dealing with MIS monitoring ……………………… 33 4.2. Existing control and preventive measures including status and risk assessment ……………………………………………………………………… 34 4.3. Existing databases used for monitoring, control and prevention …………… 35 4.4. Future plans on monitoring, control and prevention ………………………… 35 5. Current research projects and other initiatives on the MIS in China ……………… 36 5.1. Priority research fields on the MIS ……………………………………………… 36 5.2. Brief summary of research/project/initiative …………………………………… 37 5.3. National taxonomy initiatives …………………………………………………… 39 5.4. National databases or Internet sources on MIS ……………………………… 40 6. Existing gaps in relation to the global and regional developments dealing with marine and coastal biodiversity, including invasive alien species …………… 41 6.1. Compliance with relevant global conventions and agreements and with other FAO and IMO regulations ………………………………………………… 41 6.2. Future needs in capacity building, public awareness raising ……………… 42 7. Legislation, programmes and responsible organizations related to marine and coastal biodiversity, including invasive alien species ……………………………… 43 7.1. National legislation related to marine and coastal biodiversity issues ……… 43 7.2. Leading authorities to implement national legislation related to marine biodiversity issues ……………………………………………………………… 45 7.3. National legislation specifically addressing marine and coastal invasive alien species ……………………………………………………………………… 47 8. Recommendation for decision-makers in terms of priority national actions, services and products ………………………………………………………………… 48 9. References ……………………………………………………………………………… 50 2 Contents The National Report of Japan on Marine Invasive Species in the NOWPAP Region 1. Introduction: marine invasive species (MIS) in Japan ……………………………… 54 2. Current status of the MIS in Japan …………………………………………………… 55 2.1. Pathways (vectors and routes) of introduction of MIS to Japan ……………… 55 2.2. List of the MIS in Japan ………………………………………………………… 59 2.3. Potential (expected) MIS in the NOWPAP Region …………………………… 63 3. Threats and impact of the MIS to native communities and ecosystems ………… 64 3.1. Ecosystem changes (ecological) ……………………………………………… 64 3.2. Economic impacts ……………………………………………………………… 64 3.3. Public health impacts …………………………………………………………… 66 4. Prevention, detection and management of MIS …………………………………… 66 4.1. National/local authorities dealing with MIS monitoring ……………………… 66 4.2. Existing control and preventive measures, including status and risk assessments ……………………………………………………………………… 68 4.3. Existing databases used for monitoring, control and prevention …………… 68 4.4. Future plans on monitoring, control and prevention ………………………… 68 5. Current research projects and other initiatives on the MIS in Japan ……………… 69 5.1. Priority research fields on the MIS ……………………………………………… 69 5.2. Brief summary of research/project/initiative …………………………………… 70 5.3. National taxonomy initiatives, including species inventory of alien species …… 70 5.4. National databases or Internet sources on MIS ……………………………… 70 6. Existing gaps in relation to the global and regional developments dealing with marine and coastal biodiversity, including invasive alien species ………………… 71 6.1. Compliance with relevant global conventions and agreements and with other FAO and IMO regulations ……………………………………………………… 71 6.2. Status of expertise and capacity building as related to MIS research; taxonomic ability to identify MIS in member countries ……………………… 71 6.3. Future needs in capacity building, public awareness raising, communication, compliance and enforcement ……………………………… 71 7. Legislation, programs and responsible organizations related to marine and coastal biodiversity, including invasive alien species ……………………………… 72 7.1. National legislation related to marine and coastal biodiversity issues ………… 72 7.2. Leading authorities to implement national legislation related to marine biodiversity issues ……………………………………………………………… 72 7.3. National legislation specifically addressing marine and coastal invasive alien species ……………………………………………………………………… 72 8. Recommendations for decision-makers in terms of priority national actions, services and products ………………………………………………………………… 73 9. References ……………………………………………………………………………… 74 3 National Report of Republic of Korea on Marine Invasive Species in the NOWPAP Region 1. Introduction: Marine invasive species (MIS) in Korea ……………………………… 80 2.Current status of MIS in Korea (within the NOWPAP region) ……………………… 80 2.1. Pathways (vectors and routes) of introduction of MIS to Korea ……………… 80 2.2. List of MIS in Korea (with brief notes on local distribution) …………………… 84 2.3. Potential (expected) MIS in the NOWPAP Region …………………………… 87 3. Threats and impact of MIS to native communities and ecosystems ……………… 87 3.1. Ecosystem changes (ecological)