2nd Arab State of the Water Report 2012 Contributors and Editorial Team Authors Prof. Khaled AbuZeid, Lead Author & Editor in Chief Centre for Environment & Development for the Arab Region & Europe (CEDARE) Arab Water Council (AWC) Eng. Mohamed Elrawady, Senior Researcher CEDARE GIS Analysis Dr. Omar Elbadawy, CEDARE Research & Data Collection Ms. Terean Alireza, AWC Ms. Habiba Ezz, AWC Reviewers Prof. Atef Hamdy, CIHEAM, Bari, Italy Eng. Mona ElAgizy, Water and Climate Specialist, Arab Water Council (AWC) Design & Layout Eng. Tamer El-Hakim, CEDARE ISBN: 978 - 977 - 90 - 3806 - 3 Deposit Number: 5092 / 2016 ISSN: 2357 - 0318 Deposit Number: 24008 / 2016 For reference purposes, this publication should be referred to as: AbuZeid, K., Elrawady, M., CEDARE, Arab Water Council (2014). “2nd Arab State of the Water Report - 2012”, Water Resources Management Program - CEDARE & Arab Water Council, ISBN: 978 977 90 3806 3, ISSN: 2357 0318. 2 Arab Countries Focal Points Eng. Khamees Bin Ahmed Alfarsi Eng. Abdelrahman Fadl Al-Aryani Ministry of Regional Municipalities & Water Minister of Water and Environment, Yemen Resources, Oman Mr. Rachid Taibi Hydrologist. Emad Abu Al Sror Bary Ministry of Water Resources, Algeria Ministry of Water and Electricity, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Mr. Abdelhameed Bin AbdleFadeel Ministry of Energy, Mines, Water and Environment, Eng. Oan Zyab Abdullah Morocco Ministry of Water Resources, National Center for Water Resources Management, Iraq Eng. Samir Saloum Ministry of Irrigation, Syrian Arab Republic Eng. Ibrahim Mohamed Al-Sada General Electricity & Water Corporation “KAHRAMAA”, Mr. AlMoncef Rokaya Qatar Ministry of Agriculture & Water Resources, Tunisia Eng. Abdelkhaleq Galoum Morad Ministry of Electricity & Water, Kuwait Eng. Nasser Ahmed Al Raweli Electricity & Water Authority, Bahrain Eng. Mohamed Al Atrash Ministry of Water and Irrigation, Jordan Eng. Motaz Ebadi Palestinian Water Authority, Palestine Dr. Mohamed Mostafa Mohamed Al Mola Ministry for Environment & Water, United Arab Emirates Mr. Lutfi Al Sayed Ministry of Agriculture & Water Resources, Tunisia Prof. Dr. Hassan Wahby Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation, Egypt Mr. Lutfi Madi Ministry of Water Resources, Libya Mr. Saadou Ebih Ministry of Water and Sanitation, Mauritania 3 Table of Contents Contributors and Editorial Team . 2 Executive Summary. 13 State of the Water in the Arab Region . 16 a. Water & Availability . .16 Conventional Water Resources . 16 Blue Water. 19 Green Water . .24 Non-Conventional Water Resources . 31 Grey Water. 31 Silver Water. 33 b. Water Withdrawals & Consumption . .36 c. Water & Land Use Change . .43 d. Water & Demographics . .46 e. Water & Energy . .49 f. Water & Accessibility. 51 g. Water & Health . .65 h. Water & Climate . .68 i. Water & Economics . .73 j. Water & Political Affairs . .80 Countries State of the Water Reports. 84 Algeria . .86 Algeria Water Indicators . 89 Bahrain . .94 Bahrain Water Indicators . 97 Comoros . .102 Comoros Water Indicators . 104 4 Djibouti . .108 Djibouti Water Indicators . 110 Egypt . .114 Egypt Water Indicators . 117 Iraq. 122 Iraq Water Indicators . 124 Jordan . .128 Jordan Water Indicators . 130 Kuwait. 134 Kuwait Water Indicators . 136 Lebanon . .140 Lebanon Water Indicators . 142 Libya. 146 Libya Water Indicators . 148 Mauritania . .152 Mauritania Water Indicators . ..