United States Department of Common and Scientific Names Agriculture Forest Service of Trees and Shrubs of Mariana, Pacific Southwest Caroline, and Marshall Islands Research Station Resqurce Bulletin PSW-26 Marjorie C. Falanruw Jean E. Maka Thomas G. Cole Craig D. Whitesell g.cP • D Guam D 0 Falanruw, Marjorie C.; Maka, Jean E.; Cole, Thomas G.; Whitesell, Craig D. 1990. Common and scientific names of trees and shrubs of Mariana, Caroline, and Marshall Islands. Resour. Bull. PSW-26. Berkeley, CA: Pacific Southwest Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture; 91 p. Building on previous work on compiling plant names in the Western Pacific islands, this bulletin lists some 602 scientific names, and 2913 common names in the variety oflanguages used in the Caroline, Marshall, and Mariana Islands. These computerized, cross-indexed lists can be updated. \ Retrieval Terms: species names, trees, shrubs, Caroline Islands, Guam, Kosrae, Mariana Islands, Marshall Islands, Palau, Belau, Pohnpei, Truk, Yap The Authors: MARJORIE C. FALANRUW, a research biologist with the American/Pacific Islands Forestry Research Unit, is stationed in Yap. JEAN Eo MAKA is a computer programmer/ analyst with the Station's Forest Management Research Unit, in Honolulu. THOMAS G. COLE is a forester with the research unit in Honolulu. CRAIG D. WHITESELL, a research forester, is leader of the Station's American/Pacific Islands Forestry Research Unit, in Honolulu. · Acknowledgments The computerized lists presented here are largely based on published Micronesian plant names and we are grateful to the many authors listed in the reference section, especially Dr. F. R. Fosberg. Names attributed to Fosberg (1946) are further referenced in that report, to original sources and collection numbers of voucher specimens. Alfred Capelle and Jimmy Joseph assisted in identifying Marshallese plants and determining their local names. The original computer entry was done by Janet Morse. Publisher: Pacific Southwest Research Station P.O. Box 245, Berkeley, California 94701 May 1990 Common and Scientific· Names of Trees and Shrubs of Mariana, Caroline, and Marshall Islands Marjorie C. Falanruw Jean E. Maka Thomas G. Cole Craig D. Whitesell CONTENTS Introduction .....•............................................................................................................ 1 Contents and Scope ...................................................................................................... 1 Use of Lists ..•.....•..............•...................•...........•.................................•......••............•..... 1 Appendix ....................................................................................................................... 2 Table 1. Language Codes •.•..........•........•..•.....•........•••..................•.•................... 2 Table 2. Alphabetical Listing by Common Names .......................................... 3 Mariana Islands ................................................................................................ 3 Republic of Palau ......................: . ................................................................... 10 Republic of the Marshall Islands ................................................................... 19 Kosrae State .................................................................................................... 21 Pohnpci State ............................................................................- ..................... 23 Truk State ....................................................................................................... 32 Yap State ........................................................................................................ 38 Table 3. Alphabetical Listing by Scientific l'_lames ........................................ 44 Mariana Islands ................................................. ~ ............................................ 44 Republic of Palau ........................................................................................... 54 Republic of the Marshall Islands ................................................................... 63 Kosrae State ................................................................................................... 65 Pohnpei State .......................................... ~ ................................ : ..................... 67 Truk State ....................................................................................................... 76 Yap State ........................................................................................................ 81 Table 4. Synonyms for Trees and Shrubs of Micronesian Islands .........•.••.. 87 References .......................................................................................................•........... 91 '"!""" INTRODUCTION orestry work in the American/Pacific islands suffers . wealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. F from the lack of a cross-indexed list of scientific and Rules for indicating species symbols are those estab­ . common names of trees and shrubs. The problem is lished by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Soil Conser­ especially acute for those who work throughout this area of vation Service (SCS) for the National List of Scientific numerous l~mguages and dialects. Although English is Plant Names. Symbols in this list have been compared with becoming the lingua franca of the area, many plants lack the National List of Scientific Plant Names (SCS 1982); common English names. Instead, the multiplicity of com­ conflicting or duplicate entries have been adjusted by the mon names often unique to the many languages, dialects, use of tie breakers. Scientific names of Dicotyledonae islands, and even parts of islands in the area makes commu­ follow those given in Fosberg and others (1979); palms nication difficult. follow those given in Moore and Fosberg (19 56), and Gym­ We have sought to bring together results ofpast efforts to nosperms follow those given in Fosberg and others (1982). collect and compile common plant names into a computer­ ized, cross-indexed source that can be updated from time to time. In doing this, we have built on the work of Edwin H. USE OF LISTS Bryan Jr., the late curator emeritus of the Pacific Scientific Information Center of the Bishop Museum, F. Raymond Fosberg, curator emeritus of the Botany Department of the The computerized data base compiled in accordance with Smithsonian Institution, and other authors listed in the Ref­ the preceding rules will be maintained for future updating erences. This initial compilation is intended· as a working by the Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range list for field workers, and is designed to be improved and ex­ Experiment Station at 1151 Punch~ow1 Street, Room 323, panded as a result of ongoing and future work. Honolulu, HI 96813. Information presented here is organ­ Botanical studies and the collection of common plant ized as follows: names in Micronesia have been carried on by numerous workers over many years, often in conjunction with other Plant names are listed by the major language groups and efforts. None of the field workers whose lists are included areas in which they would be used in the field. These are in this present compilation has had the aid of an official or­ given below. thography for the language whose plant names were col­ lected. Most of these workers did not themselves speak the 1. Mariana islands (Commonwealth of the Northern local language or have time to adjust their ears or spellings Mariana Islands and the Territory of Guam) to the language of a particular island. Therefore, published 2. Republic of Palau names and spellings are not without problems. The names 3. Republic of the Marshall Islands included here, except those for the Marshall Islands, are 4. State of Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia largely taken as listed in earlier publications. A reference 5. State ofPoh.npei, Federated States of Micronesia is given for each entry, so that the source of the name may 6. State of Truk, Federated States of Micronesia be traced. Names from the Marshall Islands were reviewed 7. State of Yap, Federated States of Micronesia and spellings were modified according to consensus by a group of native speakers of Marshallese. For each. of these areas, two major lists are given: (1) an alphabetical list by common plant names; (2) an alphabeti­ callist by scientific names. In addition, a separate list of CONTENTS AND SCOPE common synonyms has been included for all islands, and in table 1 (all tables are in the Appendix), a list of language codes. This bulletin lists some 602 scientific names, and 2913 common names in ·a variety of languages used in the The common names list is in this format (table 2): Caroline, Marshall and Mariana Islands in the Western ·Pacific Ocean. 1. Species symbol The names listed are those of trees and shrubs (in the 2. Common name broad sense) for which common names are available in the 3. Scientific name, including variety and subspecies · literature. Politically, the area covered includes the Feder­ 4. Author ated States of Micronesia (comprising the States ofPohnpei, 5. Language code . Kosrae, Truk, and Yap), Republic of Palau, Republic of the 6. Source of common nJlme . Marshall Islands, Territory of Guam, and the Common- USDA Forest Service Resour. Bull. PSW-26. 1990. 1 The scientific names list is in this format (table 3): 1. Species symbol APPENDIX 2. Sci¥ntific name, including variety and