Creating Accessible Video for the Internet Marsha Schwanke Burton Blatt Institute (BBI) Syracuse University September 8, 2010 In This Session ¾ Why Accessible Video? ¾ Features of Accessible Online Video ¾ Tools for Accessible Video ¾ Tips to Plan & Develop Accessible Video ¾ Examples/Best Practices ¾ Resources ¾ Q&A 2 Accessible Technology On-line Seminar Series – A Project of the ADA National Network by DBTAC, Coordinated by the DBTAC: Great Lakes ADA Center © 2010 All Rights Reserved Video Demand Explosion z 82% – Internet users that view videos online. z 182 – Online videos avg. user watches in 1 month. z 10x longer - Websites with video hold attention. z 2 billion – Videos served by YouTube in 1 day. z 81.9% – Embedded YouTube videos on blogs. z 90% - Est. Internet content video-based by 2012 3 Accessible Technology On-line Seminar Series – A Project of the ADA National Network by DBTAC, Coordinated by the DBTAC: Great Lakes ADA Center © 2010 All Rights Reserved Why Accessible Video? z Universal Design to Maximize Use z Individuals who are Deaf/HOH z Language & literacy: communication, learning z Environment flexibility: noisy, quiet, shared z Multi-modes: cognitive disabilities, learning styles z Technology compatibility & access z Searchable Content z Right Thing to Do … Good Business z Compliance: Policy, Standards, Laws (State, Federal, International) 4 Accessible Technology On-line Seminar Series – A Project of the ADA National Network by DBTAC, Coordinated by the DBTAC: Great Lakes ADA Center © 2010 All Rights Reserved Accessible Video: Sample Compliance - 508, WCAG z Section 508(a)~WCAG 1 (1.1)~WCAG 2 (1.1,1.2,4.2) z Text alternatives for all non-text content z Section 508(b)~WCAG 1 (1.4)~WCAG 2 (1.2) z Synch alternatives for multimedia z Section 508(m)~WCAG 1 (6.3,6.4,8.1)~WCAG 2 (2.1,4.1,4.2) z Link to applet or required plug-in z Directly accessible or compatible with AT (i.e. keyboard, screen reader, magnifier, etc.) 5 Accessible Technology On-line Seminar Series – A Project of the ADA National Network by DBTAC, Coordinated by the DBTAC: Great Lakes ADA Center © 2010 All Rights Reserved Accessible Video: Color z Information cannot be conveyed by color alone z Sufficient contrast between background and content z Brightness Difference (should be >= 125) z Color Difference (should be >= 500) z WCAG 2.0 Level AA / 1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum): The visual presentation of text and images of text has a contrast ratio of at least 5:1 (with some exceptions). z Tools: z Online Color Evaluation Tool z Colour Contrast Analyser Firefox Extension z Contrast Analyser 6 Accessible Technology On-line Seminar Series – A Project of the ADA National Network by DBTAC, Coordinated by the DBTAC: Great Lakes ADA Center © 2010 All Rights Reserved Accessible Video: Quick Evaluation z Ask yourself – if I can't see or hear the media? z Captions provided and synched? z Transcript provided? z Link to download plug-in? z Controls keyboard accessible? z Can screenreader access the controls? z Sufficient contrast between background and content? z Webpage validate? z Other: z Sign Language Interpretation; Reading Level; Visual Presentation; Abbreviations 7 Accessible Technology On-line Seminar Series – A Project of the ADA National Network by DBTAC, Coordinated by the DBTAC: Great Lakes ADA Center © 2010 All Rights Reserved Accessible Video: Key Features z Video or audio file z Transcript z Captions z Media Player z Audio Description 8 Accessible Technology On-line Seminar Series – A Project of the ADA National Network by DBTAC, Coordinated by the DBTAC: Great Lakes ADA Center © 2010 All Rights Reserved Step 2: Transcript z Key starting point of accessible video z Plain text file (.txt) needed for audio or video file z Make link to access before or after media z Publish as a text file and/or webpage z Sources of Transcript z Capture from production z Typed by hand z Voice recognition / speech-to-text software 9 Accessible Technology On-line Seminar Series – A Project of the ADA National Network by DBTAC, Coordinated by the DBTAC: Great Lakes ADA Center © 2010 All Rights Reserved Captions z Text of the spoken word z Synchronized z Accessible z Equivalent z Includes non-speech audible information z Sound effects, music, laughter, speaker id z Different than “subtitles” (translation) 10 Accessible Technology On-line Seminar Series – A Project of the ADA National Network by DBTAC, Coordinated by the DBTAC: Great Lakes ADA Center © 2010 All Rights Reserved Types of Captions z Open captioning (OC) z Always visible - “Burned-in” z Closed captioning (CC) z Turn on/off z Controls for captions in device; some customizable z Real-Time captioning z Live “synched” delivery of dialogue & audio to text z Runs parallel or via separate application 11 Accessible Technology On-line Seminar Series – A Project of the ADA National Network by DBTAC, Coordinated by the DBTAC: Great Lakes ADA Center © 2010 All Rights Reserved Audio Description AKA Descriptive Video z Audio description of key visual elements z Helps individuals who are blind, low vision, or anyone unable to see video. z i.e., Actions, costumes, gestures, scene changes z Separate audio track synched with video & within natural pauses z How To: z Incorporate in pre-production when scripting video. z Review standard techniques in audio description. 12 Accessible Technology On-line Seminar Series – A Project of the ADA National Network by DBTAC, Coordinated by the DBTAC: Great Lakes ADA Center © 2010 All Rights Reserved Examples: Audio Description z Audio Description Example (MP3) from WebAIM http://webaim.org/techniques/captions/media/audiodesc.mp3 z Lion King (audio description demo) http://ncamftp.wgbh.org/lionking/lionking_hi.mov z Assistive Technology Boogie http://inclusive.com/AT_boogie/at30.swf 13 Accessible Technology On-line Seminar Series – A Project of the ADA National Network by DBTAC, Coordinated by the DBTAC: Great Lakes ADA Center © 2010 All Rights Reserved Common Media Players z YouTube Player z Windows Media Player z QuickTime Player z VideoLAN VLC Media Player z Real Player z Flash z JW Player z ccPlayer z Mobile & Apple devices, iTunes 14 Accessible Technology On-line Seminar Series – A Project of the ADA National Network by DBTAC, Coordinated by the DBTAC: Great Lakes ADA Center © 2010 All Rights Reserved Accessible Video Players (Free) z Accessible YouTube Player Controls z Some developer knowledge required z Code and instructions by OSU Web Accessibility Center z JW Player z Flash only; supports captions & audio descriptions z VideoLAN-VLC Media Player z Supports captions & audio descriptions z ccPlayer z Flash only; developer knowledge helpful but not necessary 15 Accessible Technology On-line Seminar Series – A Project of the ADA National Network by DBTAC, Coordinated by the DBTAC: Great Lakes ADA Center © 2010 All Rights Reserved Planning for Accessible Video 1. What You Need z Video or audio file z Transcript of audio portion of video z Captioning tool or service 2. Develop Plan for Creating Captions z Delivery of media z Outline workflow z Keep in mind: time, $$, resources z Research issues, standards, tools & services 16 Accessible Technology On-line Seminar Series – A Project of the ADA National Network by DBTAC, Coordinated by the DBTAC: Great Lakes ADA Center © 2010 All Rights Reserved Planning for Accessible Video: Delivery of Media z When plan video: Determine audience, Internet connectivity method, format z Issues: Download time, storage capacity, media players use different formats z Types: z Streaming media (aka VOD) z Live or archived content delivered almost real-time to viewer z Experience as download; generally not stored on viewer’s system z Preferable: large files, can jump forward/back in content z Progressive downloads z Files downloaded to viewer’s computer z Not have to be completely downloaded before viewing begins z Final result is copy of video exists on viewer’s computer z Not desirable: copyright, larger videos, smaller bandwidth versions 17 Accessible Technology On-line Seminar Series – A Project of the ADA National Network by DBTAC, Coordinated by the DBTAC: Great Lakes ADA Center © 2010 All Rights Reserved Planning for Accessible Video: Workflow and Time z Workflow (and Impact of Issues) z Staff support: Collaboration of content producers and distributors z Production ease and flexibility to: z Rapidly changing formats, playback & distribution devices z Popularity & availability of video sources z Time z Detailed work, review for accuracy & grammar z Must understand non-spoken info & how to convey in captions z Transcription most time consuming z Total Time: 5-10x length of the video 5 min video – 25 min to 1 hour 15 min video – 1.25-2.5 hours 1 hour video – 15-20 hours 50 videos @ 10 min – 40-80 hrs 18 Accessible Technology On-line Seminar Series – A Project of the ADA National Network by DBTAC, Coordinated by the DBTAC: Great Lakes ADA Center © 2010 All Rights Reserved Captioning Tools & Services z Types: DIY, Web/software, Third party z DIY Considerations z Time (5-10 hrs. of work per video hr.) z Training, learning curve, & support z How much video and room for growth z Staff or students and turnover z Cost z Space, equipment, training, hiring, tech support, mgmt 19 Accessible Technology On-line Seminar Series – A Project of the ADA National Network by DBTAC, Coordinated by the DBTAC: Great Lakes ADA Center © 2010 All Rights Reserved DIY Captioning Tools z Free z MAGpie z World Caption z Purchase z Hi-Caption z Softel Swift z MovCaptioner z Adobe